中考英语语法第10讲---比较级与最高级(54ppt).ppt

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1、中考英语语法,第十讲 比较级与最高级,教学目标,掌握同级、比较级、最高级基本知识,掌握比较级中各出题方式,掌握比较级、同级中的经典题目,第一部分：同级比较,同级比较-和一样:比什么; 和谁比,例:这个音乐听起来很好The music sounds good/nice.例:这个音乐听起来和那个一样好asasThe music sounds as good/nice as that否定句中: not asas/ not soasThe music doesnt sound as/so good as that步骤:一:写最简单的句子二:找好所比的内容三: 用asas前后夹击,+比较对象,同级比较例

2、句,例:他长得衰He is ugly 他和王彤长得一样衰He is as ugly as wt例: 他做得好He does well 他和他做得一样好He does as well as him.例: 他和她一样常来玩He plays as frequently as her.,同级比较的扩展倍数,(Once) asasTwice asas3 times asas10 times asas这个大厦比这个屋子高十倍The building is 10 times as high as the poor house.,Asas结构的总结,一: 判断其中的哪种词性, 必须熟练掌握good, well

3、的区别二: 倍数的问题三: asas/ as soon as一就/ as soon as possible 尽可能快的 的意思区别四: as well- as well as 的区别As well= too He does as well as his brother, as well.他也像他的兄弟那样做得一样好五: as as的否定形式中国登月不像美国那么早 China doesnt land on the moon as/so early as U.S.A,第十讲 比较级与最高级（二）,第二部分：比较级,比较级:,他比她更酷He is cooler than her比: than更: 在

4、英语中有三个写法She is smarter than him 她比他更聪明She is more beautiful than him.她比他更漂亮She does better than him. 她做得比她更好汉语中的一个”更”, 在英语中, 根据形容词和副词本身的原型,产生三大类的变形Red-redder(单元音+er)Beautiful-more beautiful (多元音: more+原型)特殊词,所有单元音, 其后都配 er smart-smarter辅元辅,双写 redredder; hothotter这四类 ble; ple; ow; er 双元音, 还是 erClever

5、cleverer; narrownarrower; 狭窄的ableabler有能力的; simplesimpler简单的; heavyheavier更重的所有的多元音,双元音: more+原型 quiet more quiet ; beautiful more beautiful特殊变形: good/well betterbest; bad/badly/illworseworst; many/muchmoremost; little/a little lessleast; few/ a few fewerfewestOld olderoldest; oldeldereldestFarfarth

6、erfarthest; farfurther-furthest,比较级的基本知识:,结构:It sounds good它比那个更好听It sounds better than that他比她更强壮He is strongHe is stronger than her.他喝得比他高,比较级的难点1. more,1. 构成比较级,本身无意义She is more beautiful than her.2. many, much 的比较, 本身有意义She has many books.例:她的书比他的书多She has more books than his,3. no more= not any

7、 more不再4. more or less 或多或少5. more and more 越来越多; less and less越来越少; redder and redder 越来越红6.the 比较级, the 比较级(the 必须放于句首)你越瘦,冬天你觉得越冷The thinner you are, the cooler you feel in winter.7. one more= another one 再来一个I need _ candle. 我还得需要一只蜡烛,4.最高级和比较级中意思相同的转化,他比班里其他的人都高他在班里最高He is taller than any other

8、 student in the class.He is the tallest in the class.解题思路:一:分清比较和最高二:在比较中, than 后只接any other,5.比较级的修饰问题,Much/ a little/ too/ far/still/even对比较级修饰He is stronger than him他比他壮He is much/ too/ far stronger than him他比他壮得多His handwriting is _ than herFar good; far best; much better; more better,6.到底什么是比较级

9、,Hangzhou is a _ beautiful city More; very; much more; much解题思路:比较级必须有比较的对象,例:今天比昨天热今天比较热经典汉语:小腿肚子上挂水平-比较高的水平(比脚高的水瓶)The book he bought in the book store was _ than that he brought from his brotherbetter; best; far; far good,第三部分：经典习题,She is my elder sister. She is my older sister.2误析 elder 和eldest是

10、用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，而older, oldest 则是指岁数大多少，如：She is three years older than I.,Im tired. I cant go further.Im tired. I cant go farther.1误析 far有两个比较级 farther 较远的，further 进一步的，如：Do you need any further explanation? 你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.,He is very higher than I am.He is much higher than

11、 I am.1误析 much可以用来修饰比较级，而very则用来修饰形容词原级，如：Im very tired.,She is not half as clever as her brother.She is not as half clever as her brother.2误析 在asas结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly, almost, exactly 等置于第一个as之前。,Who is taller of the two?Who is the taller of the two?1误析 两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。,I have less books than Tom

12、.I have fewer books than Tom.1误析 less 是 little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。,There are three girls in my group. The cleverest is Mary.There are three girls in my group. The cleverer is Mary.2误析 在两者之间应用比较级，在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。,The boy sat there as quiet as his sister.The boy sat there

13、as quietly as his sister1误析 asas的用法要注意的是：在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级，而不可加比较级，也有的语法书中称为同级比较。要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词，这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定，如：He is as good as his friend.,The harder you study, and you can learn moreThe harder you study, the more you can learn.1误析 英文中如果要表达越来越怎样，在初中范围有两种表达法：比较级+and+比较级。定冠词+比较级，如：The nights are

14、 getting longer and longer。 要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加more，这样的用法是：more and more 加形容词，如：The girl is growing more and more beautiful.,as,Studying physics is not so interesting as to learn English.Studying physics is not so interesting as learning English.1误析 在作比较时，英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词，应都用动名词，用不定式时则都用不定式。但有

15、时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。如：To repair the old one is as much expensive as (to) buy a new one.,The girl is more cleverer than the boy.The girl is much more clever (much cleverer) than the boy.1误 析 clever有两个比较级：cleverer和more clever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处，如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用more clever,如：He is more

16、 clever than honest. (他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。),The boy is the tallest to the three.The boy is the tallest of the three.1误析 最高级的范围要用of加复数形式或加集合名词。,This dictionary is the much best one of the English Chinese dictionaries.This dictionary is much the best one of the English Chinese dictionaries. 1误析 在修饰最高级时应用 far

17、/by far/much 加the加最高级。但very例外，如：He is the very best player in the team.,Shanghai is bigger than any other cities in China.Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.1误析 在比较级中表示比较对象时如用any other其后一般要加单数名词。,Most of the stories in this book are written in English.Most of stories in this book are wr

18、itten in English.Most stories in this book are written in English.2误 析 大多数一词的表达法有most of the +名词，或most+名词。当用前一种结构时，其后面的定冠词不可少。,The temperature of that room is higher than that of this room. The temperature of that room is higher than this room.2误析 比较级用于两句话之间时，比较的部分不可省略掉，但为了避免重复，一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词，而用

19、those代替前面的复数名词，如：The books in that box are bigger than those in this box。,1 I think Chinese is than maths. interesting Bmore interestingC. most interesting D. the most interesting 答案 B. 析 在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。,3 The Huang He River is one of in China.A. The long river B. the longest riverC. the lon

20、gest rivers D. the longer river 答案 C. 析 在one of + 定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。,4 It was yesterday than today.A. hot B. hoter C. hotter D. the hottest 答案 C. 析 用than表达比较的句中应用比较级 。,5 Which subject do you like , English Chinese or maths?A. best B. well C. better D. good 答案 A. 析 在两者之间应用比较级，而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。,6 she

21、eats, shell be.A. Morefat B. The morefatterC. Morethe fatter D. The morethe fatter 答案 D. 析 the+比较级表示越来越本句应译为：她吃得越多，她就会越胖。,7 I dont think English is Chinese.A. as important as B. not important asC. not so important D. important as 答案 A. 析 think+宾语从句时，应采用否定主句的形式，如：中文讲，我认为你不对，英文应为：我不认为你对。 I dont think

22、you are right. 所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。,8 Which is , Li Leis box or Guo Meimeis box?A. heavy B. heavier C. more heavier D. the heaviest 答案 B. 析 两者之间用比较级，三者或以上用最高级。 Heavy heavier; clever-cleverer,9 You look than before， why?A. more thin B. more thinner C. much more thin D. much thinner 答案 D. 析 多音节形容词才

23、用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级，而thin的比较级为thinner。,10 Ill work I can.A. so hardly as B. so hard as C. as hardly as D. as hard as 答案 D. 析 hard可用作形容词和副词，如：The desk was made of hard wood 又如：It is raining hard。 而 hardly 是副词，其词义是几乎不，如：Hardly did I sleep last night. 我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。asas即可以用于肯定句，也

24、可以用于否定句，但soas则只能用于否定句中。,11 Comrade Chen is older than I. A. very B. more C. far D. many答案 C. 析 只有far可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有much, far, even， a little, by far等。,12 Kate sings Joan.A. as well as B. as good as C. so good as D. as better as 答案 A. 析 这里well为副词，意为唱得好。,13.He plays music better than _ in the clas

25、s.A another B other C any other D any others答案 C. 析 any other= any other student,14You had _ go to bed early.A better B better not to C good to D well to答案 A. 析 had better do做好做,15.Your hat looks as strange as _.A he B his C him D her答案 B. 析 your hat 是物，所以as 后要用名词性物主代词,16.-You are as _ as your brother. - Yes, I seldom have a cold A good B nice C kind D well答案 D. 析 well 表“健康”是形容词，,17.-You do housework as _ as your wife. A carefully B careful C good D wonderful答案 A. 析 do-配副词，,