肉牛健康养殖与定点加工产业化发展项目可行性研究报告书1.doc

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1、off here, the conductor said. This is as far as we go. Is this Woodford Green ? I asked. Oh dear, said the conductor suddenly. I forgot to put you off. It doesnt matter, I said. Ill get off here. We are going back now, said the conductor. Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus, I answered.L

2、esson51 Reward for virtue 对美德的奖赏My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: but

3、ter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked

4、 him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! Lesson52 A pretty car

5、pet 漂亮的地毯We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. At the

6、moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw all those books on the floor. This is the pr

7、ettiest carpet I have ever seen, she said. She gazed at it for some time then added, You dont need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet! Lesson53 Hot snake 触电的蛇At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find

8、 out how the fire began. Forest fire are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This

9、morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the

10、 ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.Lesson54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指After breakfast, I sent the children to school and then I went to market. It was still early w

11、hen I returned home. The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet. So I decided to make some tarts for tea. In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry. At exactly that moment, the telephone rang. Nothing could h

12、ave been more annoying. I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Mrs Bates. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. At last I hung up the receiver. What a mess! There was pastry on my fingers, on the telephone, and on the

13、door-knobs. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a registered letter !Lesson55 Not a gold mine 并非金矿Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called The Re

14、vealer has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where-it is said-pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a sear

15、ch party went he did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.Lesson58 A blessing in disguise? 是因祸得福吗？The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a cursed tree. Because the tree was mentione

16、d in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many vi

17、llagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income as tourists have been coming from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all th

18、at has been said, the tourists-have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!Lesson59 In or out ？ 进来还是出去？Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would

19、 bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the g

20、ate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets

21、himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since. Lesson60 The future 卜算未来At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her

22、 some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and th

23、en she will lead you away from this place. That is all. As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. Where have you been hiding ? she asked impatiently. Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We ar

24、e late already. As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair. Lesson61 Trouble with the Hubble 哈勃望远镜的困境In future, astronauts will be required to descend from a spaceship while it is still in space and to return to it. The ability to do this will be necessary in future flights to distant planet

25、s. Scientists are now trying to discover if this is possible. The spaceship Astra which left the earth a short time ago, will be travelling three hundred miles into space. At a certain point, the Astra will stop for a short time and an astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and the

26、n return to it. We shall not know whether the experiment has been successful until we have received a radio message. The first message is expected to arrive at 7 oclock this evening. By that time, the Astra will have been flying through space for seventeen hours and will have circled the earth a gre

27、at many times. When the first radio messages have been received, the results of the trip will be announced immediately.Lesson62 After the fire 大火之后Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the

28、 countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at

29、 last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many place

30、s the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. Lesson63 She was not amused 她并不觉得好笑Geoffrey Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. Everybody admires

31、him for his fine sense of humor-everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. Recently, one of Geoffreys closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that Geoffrey loves. He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenn

32、y. He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. Geoffrey was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked. On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed t

33、he speech. To his surprise, she said she hadnt. Geoffrey asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!Lesson64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道In l858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one mile tunne

34、l across the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea-level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an第一

35、章 总 论一、项目提要 项目名称 肉牛健康养殖与机械化集中屠宰开发项目。 建设性质 扩建。 项目申报与建设单位 桐城市天润肉牛屠宰有限公司。 1、法定代表人：姚占祥（董事长）。 2、所有制形式：股份制企业。 建设概况 1、建设地点：桐城市龙眠街道陈庄村土庙村民组。 2、建设规模：建设年养殖5000头规模肉牛育肥示范场；建设年屠宰1万头加工厂和2500吨冷藏库；通过订单、补贴等方式修、改、扩建牛舍10万平方米，带动发展肉牛养殖农户750户。项目完全实施后，实现年出栏优质肉牛1万头、屠宰加工优质牛肉2500吨的生产规模。 3、建设期限：2007年至2009年。 投资规模 3000万元。 资金构成

36、建筑工程1295万元，设备及安装435万元，其他费用1000万元，不可预见费120万元，流动资金150万元。 资金筹措 财政资金300万元，自筹资金1200万元，贷款1500万元。 主要技术指标1、年产量：2500吨优质牛肉、牛皮1万块、牛副1万付。 2、年总收入：7800万元。 3、年总成本：6129万元。 4、营业税及附加：429万元。 5、所得税：551万元。 6、税后利润：1120万元。 7、投资利润率：37.33%。 项目辐射范围及带动能力 肉牛健康养殖主要辐射1500平方公里，750个农户，并逐步向周边外县扩散。中心养殖示范场60亩，养殖与加工可解决1000人就业。二、可行性研究报

37、告编制依据 中共中央、国务院二OO七年“一号文件”。 国务院关于促进畜牧业持续健康发展的意见。 国务院办公厅关于印发2007年全国食品安全专项整治方案的通知。 桐城市人民政府关于国民经济和社会发展“十一五”规划和年度计划。 桐城市人民政府关于进一步加强全市畜禽定点屠宰管理及启动肉牛定点屠宰管理工作专题会议，形成的会议纪要（桐政办发200720号）。三、综合评价和论证结论 肉牛，其蛋白质含量和质量居世界动物前列，而深受世界各国人民的喜爱，尤其是西方发达国家不可缺少的主要食品。在食用方面，因其脂肪含量低，蛋白质含量高，并富含钙、锌、硒等无机盐，是一种为我国人民越来越欢迎的美味佳肴和强身滋补佳品。改

38、革开放以来，随着人民生活水平不断提高，人们的肉食品结构也相应发生了较大变化，牛肉因其味道鲜美、营养丰富等特点，在人们食物构成中的比重逐年上升，市场上牛肉供不应求，价格逐年上涨。肉牛养殖在我市多是传统的家庭牧养形式，受草场面积所限，难以形成较大的生产规模，产量极为有限。因此，随着牛肉食用量的逐年加大，市场上的供求矛盾越来越突出。据有关部门统计，全市每年由商贩从外地倒运进来的肉牛达2万头以上，既增加了费用又降低了牛肉的质量，而且仍不能满足市场需求。由此可见，牛肉的市场潜力相当大。显然，仅仅靠过去那种牧养方式是无法解决这一供求矛盾的。目前，许多经济发展好的地区，都采取了较为先进科学的圈养方式进行养殖

39、。圈养方式简单方便，投资相对少，见效快，可循环利用，对环境无污染，有利于推动定点屠宰和集中加工，保障牛肉食品安全。肉牛养殖与加工，有利于肉牛产业化，可辐射带动相关产业的发展，增加农民收入，解决农村剩余劳动力转移就业，有着广泛的社会效益。本项目符合国家产业政策和发展方向，建议将该项目做强做大，大力发展，以便在华东地区形成最大的肉牛产业集聚中心和深加工基地。第二章项目背景及必要性 一、项目建设背景 本项目在国家和省、市、有关产业政策的引导下产生的： 中共中央、国务院“一号文件”关于积极发展现代农业推进社会主义新农村建设的若干意见，第四条“开发农业多种功能，健全发展现代农业的产业体系”，其中“发展健

40、康养殖业”有这样的论述：“健康养殖直接关系人民群众的生命安全。转变养殖观念，调整养殖模式，做大做强畜牧产业。按照预防为主、关口前移的要求，积极推行健康养殖方式，加强饲料安全管理，从源头上把好养殖产品质量安全关。牧区要积极推行舍饲半舍饲饲养，农区有条件的要发展规模养殖和畜禽养殖小区。” 国务院关于促进畜牧业持续健康发展的意见（国发（2007）4号），第一条“指导思想、基本原则和总体目标”，其中“（六）加快推进健康养殖”有这样的论述：“转变养殖观念，调整养殖模式，创新生产、经营管理制度，发展规模养殖和畜禽养殖小区，抓好畜禽良种、饲料供给、动物防疫、养殖环境等基础工作，改变人畜混居、畜禽混养的落后状

41、况，改善农村居民的生产生活环境”。第四条“加大对畜产品生产流通环节的监管力度”，其中“（十三）加强畜禽屠宰加工环节监管”有这样的论述：“推行屠宰加工企业分级管理制度，开展畜禽屠宰加工企业资质等级认定工作，扶优扶强”。 国务院办公厅关于印发2007年全国食品安全专项整治方案的通知，第二条“集中整治生产加工环节”，其中“（八）建立畜牧产品质量可追溯体系”有这样的论述：“加强生猪定点屠宰管理，推进牛、羊、家禽的定点屠宰工作”。 桐城市人民政府关于国民经济和社会发展“十一五”规划和年度计划。 桐城市人民政府关于进一步加强全市畜禽定点屠宰管理及启动肉牛定点屠宰管理工作专题会议纪要（桐政办发200720号

42、）中指出：“原则同意市商务局制定的全市肉牛定点屠宰场（点）规划，同意通过采取市场化运作的方式，吸纳民间资金在龙眠街道陈庄村土庙村民组设立一家肉牛定点屠宰场。” 二、项目经营的现状 本项目于2007年3月启动，现有固定资产350万元，肉牛屠审流水作业线一条，闲置荒草滩50余亩，肉牛育肥示范场30亩，鱼塘15亩，首批养殖示范农户20户。 三、项目建设的必要性及目的意义 无论是从国内市场还是从国际市场看，发展畜牧业将是二十一世纪的朝阳产业，市场前景非常好。从国内看，随我国畜牧产业结构的不断调整和市场经济体制的逐步完善，畜牧业尤其是肉牛产业在我国的国民经济中越来越起着重要的作用。同时，我国作为占世界人

43、口近五分之一的消费大国，客观上为畜牧业发展提供了巨大的消费市场。随着人民生活水平的提高，生活质量将日益改善，对肉蛋奶等动物源性食品的需求将进一步增加，这无疑将促进我国畜牧业产业地位的进一步提升，使我国畜牧业在发展农村经济、增加农民收入、改善人民生活、建设社会主义新农村中发挥更大作用。从国际环境看，我国加入WTO后，主要畜牧产品有着成本优势和价格优势，具有较强的竞争力，能够占领更多更大的国际市场。因此，发展肉牛产业市场前景十分广阔。我市传统的养牛是以户养役牛为主，即使是部分役牛老龄后在当地屠宰出肉率低，价格便宜，收益较低，而且不能保证牛肉质量和食用安全。随着农业规模经营和农业机械化程度逐年提高，

44、役牛作为农业生产工具的效应不断下降，也就是说农户养牛的功能发生历史性变化，牛作为大宗肉食品的功能不断强化。开展肉牛规模养殖，主要以圈养为主，增重效果十分明显，出肉率高，肉质鲜美，色泽鲜红，胴体脂肪洁白，肌纤维束向脂肪沉积明显，呈大理石状或五花牛肉比重较大。催肥4个月，架子牛即可增重到500公斤，每头牛本地屠宰后，肉、皮、副产品综合收益可达到6000余元以上，比不育肥黄牛增值60%以上。而且，圈养方式有利于从源头上把好饲料安全关，又便于集中防疫检测，更有利于定点屠宰管理，确保牛肉食品安全，可谓一举多得。 肉牛养殖可以充分利用当地农业资源和劳力资源，对调整农业产业结构和农村经济结构有着积极作用，可

45、改善农业生产条件和生态环境，提高农业的科技含量。培育壮大肉牛养殖加工企业，使之成为主导产业，可发挥龙头企业的辐射带动能力，改变农民的传统养殖观念，增加农民收入，提高经济效益。第三章建设条件一、地理位置及区域范围该项目主要位于桐城市养殖区覆盖范围除龙眠街道办事处外，向周边乡镇辐射，逐步扩散到全市所有乡镇。其核心在桐城市龙眠街道办事处，公司和加工厂座落于龙眠街道办事处陈庄村土庙村民组。 二、自然条件 项目所在的桐城市地处亚热带季风湿润气候区，气候温和，雨量流沛，无霜期长，光照充足。历年日照时数1988.6小时，太阳辐射总量113.8千伏/cm2，年平均气温15.9，大于0积温5872.5，大于10

46、积温5102.6，无霜期234.5天，适宜畜牧业发展。项目总的可用地面积为100亩，土地利用现状为：屠宰加工厂用地10亩，水塘15亩，中心养殖示范场60亩，仓储规划区10亩，配套用地5亩。上述用地均属于沿河荒滩地，不在国家基本农田保护区内。 三、项目实施的有利条件 基础设施1、供水：养殖区有骨干河流龙眠街河，流域面积广，径流量大，水量丰富。地下水资源丰富，打一口50米深的深井日产水量可达200t/d，水质符合国家有关农村生活饮用水的质量和卫生标准要求。自来水管和灌溉渠道纵横交错，水质水量完全可以满足养殖与加工需要。 2、供电：项目区供电条件良好，经过农网改造后，农村用电量大大提高。公司的加工厂

47、和中心养殖示范场位于桐城市郊，距离最近110KV变电站不到2公里。 3、供热：本项目区地处亚热带季风性湿润气候区，光热资源比较丰富，年10活动积温5102.6，全年平均气温稳定通过10的天数达到234天。温度需加温的自然天数不多，且每天实际需加温的时间也比较短。 4、交通：本项目区交通便利，陆路有合九铁路、安合高速、207国道、桐庐桐潜省道、县道和乡村道路等，水路可直达长江。公司的加工厂和中心养殖示范场东邻环城公路，南靠合九铁路。 政策环境 桐城市人民政府将肉牛养殖开发列入经济发展的重点项目，重点扶持，多方面制定了优惠政策，为肉牛养殖发展创造了良好环境。同时，全面启动肉牛定点屠宰管理工作，又为

48、肉牛加工和产业开发打下了坚实基础。项目建设得到了龙眠街道办事处党政领导及当地村民特别是养牛户的大力支持。 资源优势 肉牛养殖的主要饲料是青草、桔杆等，饲料来源广泛，我市作为产粮大市，每年均有一定比例余粮可转化为辅助饲料。另据测算，全市自然牧坡约100余万亩，为肉牛养殖提供了丰富的饲料资源。 市场优势 我市农村虽然有着悠久的养殖历史，但基本上是牧养方式和传统的喂饲方法。因此，繁殖率低、生长慢、生产周期长，经济效益不明显，从而导致市场供不应求的矛盾越来越突出，牛肉价格不断攀升。以2006年为例，牛肉价格每公斤由2005年的20元上升到26元左右，增幅高达30.5%，仍不能满足需求。据调查，自2000年以来，我市牛肉市场本地自产自宰的牛肉达不到40%份额，60%以上依托亳州、阜阳等地区贩运的牛肉，并且对外来牛肉消费者反映口感普遍差，而且存在很多质量安全隐患。实施本项目，可以预测，销售市场丝毫不成问题，短期内能缓解本地牛肉短缺的矛盾，但对于优质肉牛规模养殖、提升