上海中级口译总复习7中国文化解读.ppt

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1、中级口译教程文化Multi-ethnicFeudalHospitableHerbalClinicalExquisite；delicateInvaluableAbundantChoiceConspicuousArduousInclusiveAcclaimPrevailAdvocateYieldEmbraceAccumulationEvolutionUnityCoexistenceCompatibilityundertaking象征意义symbolicsignificance农历lunarcalendar阳历solarcalendar端午节DragonBoatFestival元宵节LanternF

2、estival清明节PureBrightnessDay重阳节DoubleNinthDay放逐beexiled忠臣loyalminister糯米粽子glutinousricedumplingswrappedinbambooleaves祭祀亡灵inmemoryofsb.龙舟比赛dragonboatraces中秋节MidAutumnFestival满月fullmoon月饼mooncake蜜饯preservedfruits豆沙beanpaste有关春节的常用词放鞭炮letofffirecrackers耍龙灯playthedragonlantern耍狮子playtheliondance拜年payanew

3、-yearcall踩高跷walkingonstilts饺子jiaozi(boileddumplings)汤圆tangyuan(soupofsmallriceballscookedwithfillings)年糕niangao(NewYearcake,thicksteamedpuddingofglutinousriceflour)八宝饭babaofan(steamedsweetglutinousricepudding)气功controlledbreathingexercise春联springcouplet剪纸paper-cut戏剧脸谱theatricalmask国画traditionalChine

4、sepainting中药TCM四大发明：火药gunpowder印刷术movable-typeprinting造纸术papermaking指南针compass四书：大学TheGreatLearning中庸TheDoctrineoftheMean论语TheAnalectsofConfucius孟子theMencius中国饮食文化常考做法：炒saute炸deep-fry煎pan-fry蒸steam腌pickling常考菜名主食staplefood荤菜animalfood素菜vegetablefood山珍海味delicaciesfromlandandsea宫保鸡丁kong-paochicken（dic

5、es）鱼香肉丝fish-flavoredshreddedporkinhotsauce点心dimsum春卷springrollTheuniquenessofChinesecookingSelectionofrawmaterialsTextureoffoodBlendingofseasoningsSlicingtechniquesPerfecttimingofcookingArtoflayingoutthefoodonplateThefamousschoolsofChinesefoodTheCantonesecuisineoftheSouthTheShandongcuisineofthenorth

6、TheHuai-YangcuisineoftheeastTheSichuancuisineofthewestTheflavorsofChinesefood南淡thelightflavoroftheSouth北咸thesaltyflavoroftheNorth东甜thesweetflavoroftheEast西辣thespicy-hotflavoroftheWest京剧是一种集歌剧表演、歌唱、音乐、舞蹈和武术于一体的表演艺术。BeijingOperaisaperformingartthatembracesopera,singing,music,dancingandmartialarts.中国是一

7、个历史悠久、文化灿烂的多民族国家。Chinaisamulti-ethniccountrywithalonghistoryandasplendidculture.端午节吃粽子、赛龙舟是我们的传统习俗。IthasbeenatraditionalcustomofChinesepeopletoeatricedumplingswrappedinreedleavesandholddragonboatracesduringtheDragonBoatFestival.今天，中医以其独特的疗效和科学本质赢得了全世界的广泛赞誉。Today，TraditionalChineseMedicinehaswonworld

8、wideacclaimswithitsuniqueeffectivenessandscientificnature.中国享有“烹饪王国”之美誉，精致的烹调艺术盛行全球，中餐烹饪已名列世界顶尖菜系之林。Chinaenjoysareputationasthe“kingdomofcuisine”.Itsexquisiteculinaryartprevailsinthewholeworld.AndChinesecuisineranksoneofthetopintheworld.中国充分尊重不同民族和不同文明的多样性与差异性，提倡各种文明相互间共处而不冲突，对话而不对抗，交流而不封闭，兼容而不排斥，互相

9、学习，携手合作，共同发展。Chinafullyrespectsthediversityanddifferencesofvariousnationsandcultures.Itadvocatescoexistenceinsteadofconflicts,dialogueinsteadofconfrontations,communicationinsteadofblockade,toleranceinsteadofrepulsion.Itcallsforallculturestolearnfromoneanotherandworktogethertoseekuniversaldevelopment

10、.今天世界各地学打太极拳、学做气功以及学习按摩的人越来越多。这些健身之法不仅对人体健康有效，而且对心脑健康和减肥都有很好的疗效。Thereisanincreasingnumberofpeopleworldwidelearningtajiboxing,qigongandmassage.Thesemethodsaregoodtopeoplesphysicalandmentalhealth,includingheart,brainaswellasweightloss.在漫长的发展过程中，中国菜逐渐分化为南、北两大口味。一般来说，南方菜讲究鲜嫩，用料精选，做工细致。而北方菜由于天气寒冷而油重一些，菜中

11、常加醋和大蒜。Duringthelong-termdevelopment,ChinesedishesgraduallyevolvedintoSouthernandNorthernstyles.Ingeneral,thesoutherndishesemphasizefreshnessandtenderness,andaremadewithchoicematerialsandfinecooking.Becauseofthecoldclimate,northerndishesarerelativelyoily,andtheuseofvinegarandgarlictendstobequitepopu

12、lar.Inmanycountriesoftheworld,theInmanycountriesoftheworld,thecelebrationonDecember25celebrationonDecember25ththisaisahighpointoftheyear.Fromhighpointoftheyear.FromNovemberonwards,itisimpossibleNovemberonwards,itisimpossibletoforgetthatChristmasiscoming./toforgetthatChristmasiscoming./在世界上的许多国家，在世界上

13、的许多国家，1212月月2525日的庆日的庆祝活动是一年中的一个亮点。从祝活动是一年中的一个亮点。从1111月月开始，人们不可能忘记圣诞节就要来开始，人们不可能忘记圣诞节就要来临。临。ColoredlightscelebratemanytownColoredlightscelebratemanytowncentersandshops,alongwithshinycentersandshops,alongwithshinydecorations,andartificialsnowdecorations,andartificialsnowpaintedonshopwindows.Shoppingp

14、aintedonshopwindows.ShoppingcentersbecomebusierasDecembercentersbecomebusierasDecemberapproachesandoftenstayopentillapproachesandoftenstayopentilllate./late./彩灯装饰着很多城镇的中心和商店，彩灯装饰着很多城镇的中心和商店，还有亮晶晶的装饰物，以及人造雪花还有亮晶晶的装饰物，以及人造雪花喷在商店橱窗上。购物中心越来越繁喷在商店橱窗上。购物中心越来越繁忙，因为忙，因为1212月就要到了，他们常常营月就要到了，他们常常营业到很晚。业到很晚。Sh

15、oppingcenterspeakerssystemsShoppingcenterspeakerssystemswillplaythetraditionalChristmaswillplaythetraditionalChristmassongs,andgroupsofpeoplewilloftensongs,andgroupsofpeoplewilloftensingCarolsonthestreetstoraisesingCarolsonthestreetstoraisemoneyforCharity.Inmanycountries,moneyforCharity.Inmanycountr

16、ies,mostpeoplepostChristmasgreetingmostpeoplepostChristmasgreetingcardstotheirfriendsandfamily./cardstotheirfriendsandfamily./购物中心的喇叭里会播放传统的圣诞购物中心的喇叭里会播放传统的圣诞歌曲，成群结队的人们常常会在大街歌曲，成群结队的人们常常会在大街上高唱圣歌，为慈善机构筹款。在很上高唱圣歌，为慈善机构筹款。在很多国家，大多数人会给朋友和家人寄多国家，大多数人会给朋友和家人寄圣诞贺卡。圣诞贺卡。Inshopsoratchildrensparties,Inshopso

17、ratchildrensparties,someonewilldressupasFathersomeonewilldressupasFatherChristmasandgivesmallpresentstoChristmasandgivesmallpresentstochildren,oraskthemwhatgiftstheychildren,oraskthemwhatgiftstheywantforChristmas.ChristmascanbewantforChristmas.Christmascanbeatimeofmagicandexcitementforatimeofmagican

18、dexcitementforchildren./children./在商店里或孩子们的聚会上，有人会在商店里或孩子们的聚会上，有人会装扮成圣诞老人分发小礼物给孩子们，装扮成圣诞老人分发小礼物给孩子们，或者文他们要什么样的圣诞礼物。圣或者文他们要什么样的圣诞礼物。圣诞节对孩子们来说，是一个神奇而兴诞节对孩子们来说，是一个神奇而兴奋的日子。奋的日子。中国正逐渐崛起成为世界政治经济强国，是中华中国正逐渐崛起成为世界政治经济强国，是中华文化在美国日益风行的原因。文化在美国日益风行的原因。/ThegraduallyemergenceofChinaasapotentialThegraduallyemerg

19、enceofChinaasapotentialworldpoliticalandeconomicsuperpoweristheworldpoliticalandeconomicsuperpoweristhereasonthattheChinesecultureisgainingreasonthattheChinesecultureisgainingincreasinglypopularityintheUnitedStates.increasinglypopularityintheUnitedStates.中国的对外开放，也让许多美国人有机会亲身体中国的对外开放，也让许多美国人有机会亲身体验这个

20、文明古国的风采。验这个文明古国的风采。/ChinasreformandopeninguphasenabledanChinasreformandopeninguphasenabledanincreasingnumberofAmericanstotravelthereincreasingnumberofAmericanstotravelthereinordertoexperienceatfirsthandandsplendorinordertoexperienceatfirsthandandsplendorofthisage-oldcountrywithgreatcivilization.ofth

21、isage-oldcountrywithgreatcivilization.此外，许多美国城市的繁荣华人社区，享有模范少数民此外，许多美国城市的繁荣华人社区，享有模范少数民族的美誉，更让美国人对这个和他们的文化大相径庭的族的美誉，更让美国人对这个和他们的文化大相径庭的古老文明产生浓厚的兴趣。古老文明产生浓厚的兴趣。/Besides,thethrivingChinesecommunitiesinmanyBesides,thethrivingChinesecommunitiesinmanyAmericanurbancentersandtheirreputationasaAmericanurbanc

22、entersandtheirreputationasamodelminorityhavearousedfurthertheirinterestsinmodelminorityhavearousedfurthertheirinterestsinthisdistantland,whichissovastlydifferentfromthisdistantland,whichissovastlydifferentfromtheirs.theirs.除了他们赞不绝口的中国菜肴外，有越来越多的美国人除了他们赞不绝口的中国菜肴外，有越来越多的美国人尝试针灸，草药和中华武术。他们也看功夫电影，学习尝试针灸，

23、草药和中华武术。他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺。东方时装潮流和手工艺。/ApartfromtheirloveaffairwithChinesecuisine,moreApartfromtheirloveaffairwithChinesecuisine,moreAmericanareturningtoitsacupuncture,herbalAmericanareturningtoitsacupuncture,herbalmedicines,martialarts,gongfufilms,fashions,artandmedicines,martialarts,gongfufilms

24、,fashions,artandcraft.craft.2-3Vocabularymaneuverv/nv调遣/操纵n策略/巧计/花招/伎俩artfulhandlingofaffairs/astrategicaction大自然所赐予的MotherNaturegrants色/香/味/形color,aroma,taste,appearance调料seasoning食物的质地textureofrawmaterials原汁原味originalflavor皮薄汁醇withthinandtranslucentwrappersandrichtastysoup皮脆肉嫩withacrispyskinandten

25、dermeat好戏还在后头havemoresurprisestoexpect8-2Vocabulary1、烹调cooking/cuisine2、象征意义symbolicsignificance3、昏君afatuousemperor4、农历thelunarcalendar5、贬官放逐inexilefromacorruptcourt6、端午节Dragon-boatFestival7、忠臣loyalminister8、糯米粽子glutinousricedumplings(zongzi)9、祭祀亡灵tosacrificethedepartedsoul10、蜜饯candiedpreservedfruit

26、s11、豆沙beanpaste12、蛋黄eggyolk蛋白eggwhite13、谐音homonymous同音异义的14、吉祥如意apropitiousandhappynewyear15、贴对联toputupanantitheticalcoupletantithetical:对偶的，对照的10-1Vocabulary含义signification/meaning价值观values信仰beliefs日常活动dailyactivities从广义上说inthebroadsense物质/精神文化material/spiritualculture蕴蓄implicit内在的反：explicit外在的礼仪规范

27、etiquette(礼节)patterns言谈举止言谈：thewayonespeaks举止：deportment/behavior大相径庭bevastlydifferentfrom方兴未艾sthisgatheringmomentumandistheretostay道家学说Taoism挖掘文化内涵tap/excavate/minetheculturalessence发挥纽带作用playanimportantroleasabond/alinkingtie12-2Vocabulary融合fusion文明圈civilizationrim儒教Confucianism伊斯兰教Islamism对抗confr

28、ontation仿效emulation文化认同感recognitionofculturalidentity盛行prevailing顽疾stubbornill极端个人主义extremeindividualism自我约束性selfdiscipline集体责任感corporateresponsibility温厚儒雅pacific地球村globalvillage泾渭分明clear-cut互补mutualcomplementarity和睦共处liveinharmony12-3Vocabulary中国书法ChineseCalligraphy文化遗产culturalheritage山不在高，有仙则名。Any

29、mountaincanbefamouswiththepresenceofimmortal.水不在深，有龙则灵。Anyrivercanbeholywiththepresenceofadragon.甲骨铭文theinscriptionsonbonesortortoiseshells青铜器bronze篆书sealcharacter/script隶书officialscript楷书regularscript行书runningscript草书cursivescript象形字pictograph夸张exaggeration石碑tablet悬崖峭壁precipice匾额horizontalinscribed

30、boardstablet:牌匾scroll:卷轴，卷形物曲阜孔庙QufusConfuciusTemple泰山岱庙MountTaisDaiTemple高僧seniormonk真题演练Culturewillneverremainthesame.Associetyandtimeschange,sowillculturaldevelopment.Changesinenvironmentandafasterpaceoflivingwillcontinuetoshapeourmindsetandthinking.文化绝不是一成不变的。随着社会和时势的改变，文化也在相应的在演变。环境的变化，以及快速的生活步

31、伐，将继续影响着我们的心态和思路。中国上海国际艺术节的目的在于呈现世界文化精髓，发扬中国民族文化，促进中外文化交流。TheobjectiveofChinaShanghaiInternationalArtsFestivalistopresentthebestinworldculture,promoteChineseethicalarts,andenhanceSino-Foreignculturalexchange.李安是目前在好莱坞工作的最知名的亚洲电影导演之一。由他执导的卧虎藏龙好评如潮，荣获奥斯卡奖和金球奖最佳外语片奖。AngLeeisoneofthebest-knownAsiandirec

32、torsworkinginHollywoodatpresent.Hiswellreceived/greatlyapplaudedfilmCrouchingTigerHiddenDragon/wolongcanghucapturedboththeOscarandGoldenGlobeAwardforbestforeignfilm.Generallyspeaking,dinnersaremuchlessformalandelaborateintheUnitedStatesthaninChina.InChina,thenumberofdifferentdishesservedateachmealisreallyimpressive.Itisimpossibletofinisheverything.