公开课：完形填空解题技巧(公开课).ppt

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1、ClozeClozeClozeCloze一、中考英语完形填空的命题特点一、中考英语完形填空的命题特点中考英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生中考英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识英语基础知识和和综合运用语言的能力综合运用语言的能力，其中包括，其中包括词汇辨析能力、词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力等。它不仅要等。它不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。完形填空的命题原则是完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，以实

2、词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化突出词汇语境化”。实词中偏重于对。实词中偏重于对动词动词和和名词名词的的考查，同时也兼顾对考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词形容词、副词以及其它词类的以及其它词类的考查。试题以考查。试题以情境意义选择为主情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近，纯语法性选择近年已趋近于零。年已趋近于零。ClozeClozeGuessing the words 广东高考完形填空题究竟考什广东高考完形填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看以下研究结果。么？怎么考？请看以下研究结果。命题揭密命题揭密完型填空的特点：完型填空的特点：(1)(1)首句不设空：首句不设空：因为首句是文章的窗口，不设空有因为首句

3、是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意，助于考生了解或推测全文的大意，(2)(2)选项特点：选项特点：同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，且为同一语法形式。且为同一语法形式。(3)(3)设空方式：设空方式：命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。句子层面：句子层面：在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。空格前，也可能在空格后。句组层面：句组层面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可选出正确答案。后一句之后才可选出正确答案。语篇层

4、面：语篇层面：必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇章，才可选出正确答案。个篇章，才可选出正确答案。轻语法，重逻辑轻语法，重逻辑ClozeClozeHow to get high scores？1.正确的答题步骤正确的答题步骤 2.必要的答题技巧必要的答题技巧 3.适量的实践训练适量的实践训练ClozeCloze1.1.注重首句，浏览全文注重首句，浏览全文,掌握大意。掌握大意。a.a.应用阅读技能应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读进行缺词阅读.b.b.注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.2.2.注重语境，瞻前顾后注重语境，瞻前顾后,试填答

5、案。试填答案。a.a.先填上固定搭配与习惯表达先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容基本句型等较容易的空格易的空格.b.b.对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点力争突破难点.3.3.通读全文通读全文,检查核对检查核对.确保最佳。确保最佳。解题步骤与策略解题步骤与策略ClozeClozehospital nightno/littleWarming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致1.Mr Black is a doctor,he works in the _.2.A nurse not only wor

6、ks in the day,but also works during the_.3.He is rather busy,so he has _ time to have lunch at home.ClozeCloze4.We have an English test this term,its very easy,most students can _this test.5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday,they were very tired _happy.pass butWarming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致请根据前

7、后文填词，使句子逻辑一致ClozeClozeClozeCloze In New York,on a Friday night,a young artist stood at the gate of a train station.He was playing his _1_.His music was so great that many people put money into his hat.The next day,the young artist came to the same place,and played the violin as usual.1.A.piano B.gui

8、tar C.violin D.saxviolinviolinClozeClozeSkill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）（大臣）.Suddenly,he came up with an idea.He asked,“How many baskets of 2 are there in the pool?”.as big as the pool,there is one basket of water2.A.fish B.flowers C.water D

9、.applesbasket of waterwaterbaskets ofClozeCloze When we talked,I discovered（发现）（发现）some differences in school life between the US and China.For example,each class lasts fifty minutes in the US.It is a little _3_ than that in China.We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.3.A.shorter B.longer

10、 C.earlier D.laterfiftyforty-fiveClozeClozeSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?”I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My 4 ，Mommy”She said，“NoMany people are deaf（聋的）（聋的）4.A.ears B.eyes C.body D.headsounddeafClozeCloze

11、 When two people are in a conversation,the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time,in order to make sure that the listener pays attention 5 what he or she is speaking5.A.for B.of C.with D.topays attentiontoSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）pay attention to 注意注意ClozeClozeSkill 4

12、：words analysis（词义辨析）（词义辨析）6.But by using literary texts(文学文本文学文本)alongside other texts,teachers can 6 students improve their reading skills.6.A.want B.help C.get D.askClozeClozeSkill 5：background knowledge（背景知识（背景知识:包括生活及文化方面的）包括生活及文化方面的）But we run so fast that,afterwards,we had trouble 7.7.A.speak

13、ing B.moving C.sleeping D.breathingrun so fastClozeCloze1 1、context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）3、regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）2、logic（逻辑）（逻辑）Skills of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题技巧完形填空的解题技巧)4、words analysis（词义辨析）（词义辨析）5、background knowledge（背景知识）（背景知识）ClozeCloze1.1.Martin Luther King was an important Martin Luther Ki

14、ng was an important 1 1 of black of black people in American.He believed that black people and people in American.He believed that black people and white people should have equal rights.In 1963,Dr Kingwhite people should have equal rights.In 1963,Dr King led a march in Washington D.C.A lot of Americ

15、ans led a march in Washington D.C.A lot of Americans went there to take part in the went there to take part in the 2 2 .They wanted the .They wanted the government to government to 3 3 the laws that were unfair to black the laws that were unfair to black people.Dr King believed in gaining equal righ

16、ts for all people.Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people through peace and not force.When he was killed people through peace and not force.When he was killed in 1968,the United States in 1968,the United States 4 4 a great leader.a great leader.1)A.runner B.singer C.leader D.teacher1

17、)A.runner B.singer C.leader D.teacher 2)A.crowd B.war C.group D.march 2)A.crowd B.war C.group D.march 3)A.sign B sell C.pass D.change 3)A.sign B sell C.pass D.change 4)A.lost B.found C.bought D.died 4)A.lost B.found C.bought D.died leaderleadermarchmarchthat were unfair tothat were unfair towas kill

18、edwas killedClozeCloze Tess was eight years old when her parents talking about her little brother,Andrew.All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money.Only a very costly 1 could save him now and no one wanted to 2 them the money.She heard Daddy say to her Mother 3 ,“Only a miracle(奇迹)

19、can save him now.”Tess got all the change she had and 4 her way to the drug store.1.A.surgeon B.companion C.protection D.operation2.2.A.borrow B.lend C.make D.leave3.A.happily B.proudly C.angrilyD.sadly4.A.made B.took C.sailed D.passedmake ones way to朝朝走去走去 ClozeCloze5.A.doubtful B.bad C.puzzling D.

20、unlucky6.A.buy B.purchase C.sell D.share7.A.looked B.ran C.came D.rolled “What do you want?”the clerk asked.“A miracle.”Tess answered.“My little brother has something 5 growing inside his head and my dad says only a miracle can save him now.”“We dont 6 miracles here,little girl.”The clerk said.The c

21、lerks brother was a well-dressed man.He 7 over and asked the little girl,“What kind of miracle does your brother need?”come over走近，走过来走近，走过来 look over仔细检查仔细检查 run over撞倒撞倒，跑过去，跑过去 roll over翻滚；翻身翻滚；翻身 ClozeCloze8.A.replied B.allowed C.accepted D.expected9.A.tired B.deaf C.nervous D.sick10.A.wait B.be

22、g C.pay D.apply11.A.high B.low C.loud D.excited “I dont know,”Tess 8 with tears in her eyes.“I just know hes really 9 ,but my dad cant 10 for a miracle,so I want to use my one dollar and eleven cents”.Tess answered in a 11 voice.ClozeCloze12.A.exact B.same C.proper D.reasonable13.A.spending B.waste

23、C.charge D.tip14.A.achievement B.success C.medicine D.miracle15.A.devotion B.faith C.trust D.patience “A dollar and eleven cents-the 12 price of a miracle for a little brother.”smiled the man.That well-dressed man was Dr.Carlton Armstrong,a surgeon.The operation was completed without 13 and it wasnt

24、 long before Andrew was home again and doing well.That surgery is a real 14 .It costs one dollar and eleven cents,plus(加上）the 15 of a little child.ClozeClozeSummary（总结）2 _the answers according to the passage is a good way to do a cloze.Guessing1 You should_the passage,then you may find the answer is

25、 just in the passage.read through3:Chose the best answers.ClozeCloze具体解题步骤具体解题步骤1 1、抓抓住住首首尾尾，了解短文了解短文2 2、通通读读全全文文，把握脉络把握脉络3 3、瞻瞻前前顾顾后后，上下求索上下求索4 4、再再读读文文章章，核查答案核查答案勾勾划划、研研读读首首句句尾尾句句以以及及有有中中文文注注释释的单词的单词,打开答题窗口打开答题窗口,了解全文。了解全文。跳跳过过空空格格，速速读读全全文文，把把握握大大意意。注注意意文文中中的的语语篇篇标标志志，和和句句中中的的连连词词,捕捉关键词汇。捕捉关键词汇。前前

26、后后联联系系，先先易易后后难难。运运用用解解题题策策略略从从句句子子、段段落落、语语篇篇层层面面解解题题，划划出出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。代代入入答答案案，再再读读全全文文，反反复复检检查查 争争取取做做到到：结结构构正正确确+语语义义通通顺顺+逻逻辑辑合合理理。少于少于1分钟分钟约约5分钟分钟约约2分钟分钟约约2分钟分钟ClozeCloze特别提示：特别提示：ClozeCloze三、解题误区三、解题误区1、单纯求快单纯求快忽略语篇理解忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所

27、有问题。所有问题。正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结合正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选择。语境选择。2 2、时间安排不当时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间。正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间。ClozeCloze 按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧组按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧组20142014中考模拟题，保留解题的痕迹。中考模拟题，保留解题的痕迹。首、尾句及文章中心句：首、尾句及文章中心句：关键词，提示词：关键词，提示词：完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号：完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号：ClozeCloze Close tests are interesting and challenging,though difficult.