2021届临沂市罗庄区第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案.pdf

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1、2021 届临沂市罗庄区第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Speaking with people on the phone is pretty rare these days.Most people use e-mail or messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone.Sometimes,though,making a call is una

2、voidable.This simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people.Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought.If this sounds familiar to you,you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobiathe fear of speaking over the phone.Telephobia is a form of social anxi

3、ety,although people who feel perfectly comfortable in social situations may also experience telephobia.When speaking face-to-face,we give off lots of facial or bodily cues that help each other follow the conversation.This is not the case over the phone.And the idea of speaking into this void（真空）make

4、s people terrified that they will freeze up,stumble over their words（失言）,or lose control of the conversation and look foolish In fact,telephobia is very similar to thefear people feel before putting on a performance in front of a big audience.However,there are things that one suffering from thin con

5、dition can do to reduce this fear and make phone calls at least somewhat bearable.One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call in smile.It may sound silly,but smiling before doing something stressful can help you feel more relaxed.It wont delete the anxiety altogether,but it will take t

6、he edge off it.Similarly,imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly.Running through a positive conversation in your head will make you feel less nervous and may help you predict any possible problems.Theres no need to spend hours on this,just a few minute

7、s thinking up a general idea of what you want to say.You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points.This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself naturally.And finally,when faced with receiving a call,you dont always h

8、ave to pick up.Theres nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.So the next time your phone starts ringing,rememberspeaking on the phone doesnt have to make you sweat.The important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it.1.According to t

9、he article,which situation can cause a feeling similar lo telephobia?A.Speaking face-to-face to a good friend.B.Performing in front of a large audience.C.Running in a race without proper shoes.D.Using a messaging app while on the subway.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to deal with

10、 telephobia?A.Imagining how the call will go before you make it.B.Standing on the edge of a tall building while making a call.C.Calling someone back later instead of answering their phone calls right away.D.Writing down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points.3.What is the main pu

11、rpose of the passage?A.To present ways to ease telephobia.B.To explain the development of telephobia C.To introduce the influence of telephobia.D.To give the reason why someone suffers from telephobia.B The climate change is already eating into the output of the worlds agricultural systems,with prod

12、uctivity much lower than it would have been if humans hadnt rapidly heated the planet,new research has found.Advances in technology,fertilizer(化肥)use and global trade have allowed food production to keep pace with an increasing global population since the 1960s.But rising temperatures in this time h

13、ave acted as a handbrake(手刹)to farming productivity of crops,according to the new research,published in Nature Climate Change.Productivity has actuallyslumpedby 21%since 1961,compared to if the world hadnt been affected by global heating.With the global population set to rise to more than 9 billion

14、by 205,the UNS Food and Agriculture Organization has estimated that food production will have to increase by about 70%,with annual crop production increasing by almost 1 billion tons and meat production by more than200mtons a year by this point.Meanwhile,global temperatures are rising at a rate that

15、 scientists warn is extremely dangerous for human civilization.“The impact already is larger than I thought it would be,”said Ariel Ortiz-Bobea,an economist atCornellUniversitywho led the research.“It was a big surprise to me.The worry I have is that research and development in agriculture takes dec

16、ades to translate into higher productivity.The projected temperature increase is so fast that I dont know if we are going to keep pace with that.”Weston Anderson,a researcher of food security(安全)and climate at Columbia University who didnt take part in the study,said the new research provides fresh

17、insight into the importance of the impact upon agriculture.“The regions that this paper highlights as experiencing the largest reductions in agricultural productivity-CentralAmericaand theSahel-contain some of the least food secure countries in the world,which is a real concern,”he said.4.What does

18、the underlined word“slumped”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Fallen.B.Gathered.C.Approached.D.Benefited.5.What is Ariel Ortiz-Bobea worried about?A.Fertilizer is used in food production.B.Population will rise to over 9 billion.C.Global temperatures are rising too fast.D.Agricultural research needs many years.6

19、.What can we learn about Weston Anderson?A.He puts forward a different solution.B.He proposes carrying on with the research.C.He pays more attention to food insecure regions.D.He supports improving agricultural productivity.7.What is the best title for the text?A.The Impact of Growth in Farm Product

20、ivity B.Productivity in Agriculture is Growing C.Causes and Effects of Global Heating D.Rapid Global Heating is Hurting Farm Productivity C We use what is known as inner speech,where we talk to ourselves,to evaluate situations and make decisions.Now,a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner

21、decision-making process,giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo,Italy,programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper,with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes,which allowed Pepper to retrieve(检索)relevant in

22、formation from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands,as well as a text to speech processor.It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task,With inner speech,we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is,says Chell

23、a.The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette(礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot.Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Peppers ability to do what was instructed.When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabl

24、ed,Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given.It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action.When told it was,Pepper said,OK,I prefer to follow your desire,and explained how it was g

25、oing to place the napkin on the fork.When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled,Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules,so it didnt perform the task or explain why.With the potential for robots to become more common in the future,this type of programming could help the public un

26、derstand their abilities and limitations,says Sarah Sebo at theUniversityofChicago.It maintains peoples trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots,she says.However,this experiment only used a single human participant,says Sebo.Its unclear how their approach would compar

27、e across a wide range of human participants,she says.8.Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?A.To introduce the topic.B.To make comparisons.C.To provide an example.D.To support his argument.9.How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner

28、speech enabled?A.It failed to complete the task.B.It followed the etiquette rules.C.It made a random decision.D.It communicated with the researchers.10.What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?A.It was creative but worthless.B.It was a good try but the result was a failure.C.It was inspiring but ne

29、eded further evidence.D.It was carefully designed but poorly performed.11.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.Robot Taught To Be Polite B.Robot Can Explain Its Decision C.Robot Making Decisions:No Longer A Dream D.Robot-Human Communication:No Longer A Problem D There are 8.8 mill

30、ion blind people in India.In fact,there are 36 million blind people worldwide and a quarter of them are in India;however,many cases of blindness in India are curable.The poor in India have limited access to primary eye healthcare and often do not eat foods rich in micronutrients,like vitamins and mi

31、nerals,which play an important role in maintaining good eye health.Many people worldwide are not even aware that they may have a vision(视力)problem simply because they do not get their eyes tested every year with a doctor,who tests for the functioning of the eye muscles(肌肉),as well as common diseases

32、 like night blindness.This exam is strongly recommended by experts because some changes in vision,which the patient may take longer to notice,can be found easily in this way.Certain simple changes in diet and lifestyle can ensure better eye health for you.These include drinking plenty-of water,not s

33、moking,and eating brightly color1 ed and leafy fruit and vegetables.Wearing sunglasses protects your eyes from the sun,which damages otherwise healthy eyes.Learn about your familys eye disease history,and be on the lookout for any problem about your vision.Make sure that you see a doctor immediately

34、 for early intervention(干预)if you see any of these signs of worsening eye health.If you or a loved one needs to cure blindness or other eye diseases,turn to a crowdfunding(众筹)platform.A group of eye health caregivers have fundraised with crowdfunding platform ImpactGuru to raise money to perform ope

35、rations on the eyes of blind women in south Asia.Running an online fundraiser enables both doctors and patients to find a way out of the dark.If you want eye care to develop,start a fundraiser today.12.Why are there so many blind people in India?A.There is a lack of eye hospitals in India.B.People p

36、ay no attention to their eyes at all.C.Poor Indians lack food good for eye health.D.The environment damages their eyes.13.What does the author suggest in Paragraph 2?A.Examining your eyes annually.B.Strengthening muscles every day.C.Raising the awareness of physical health.D.Attaching importance to

37、self-examination.14.Which of the following may do harm to your eyes?A.Smoking a lot.B.Wearing sunglasses.C.Drinking much water.D.Watching brightly-color1 ed pictures.15.What does the author want to show in the last paragraph?A.How to start a fundraiser online.B.The importance of raising money.C.The

38、role of crowdfunding in eye care.D.What should bedone to raise money.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Coloring booksare no longer just for children!In fact adult color1 ing books are topping bestseller lists.Why have adults decided to start color1 ing again?_16_ I

39、t is to relieve stress and anxiety._17_They take on full-time jobs that often demand more than 40 hours a week,equally as part-time jobs,family responsibilities.For many,there just arent enough hours in the day,which explains why practising mindfulness becomes so popular.Its important to set aside s

40、ome time to calm the thoughts.Coloring can bean escape from everyday stress.It is to go back to their childhood.A trend among adults is to seek out childhood experiences.Thats why summer camps for adults are cropping up(大量出现)across the country._18_A brand new color1 ing book with bright markers,cray

41、ons,and color1 ed pencils provide endless possibilities.Adult color1 ing books are much more detailed than color1 ing books for children,but the emotions are similar and allow adults to feel as if they are“a kid again”._19_ Adults are constantly staring at screens:Desktops,laptops,tablets,phones,TVS

42、,etc.Whether for business or personal use,it has become very difficult to“put down”.Even some readers have e-readers and tablets to consume books,magazines,and newspapers._20_Of course,to truly realize the benefit of stepping away from the devices for a period of time,you cant constantly be checking

43、 them while you color1!Turn them off and leave them in another room.A.Adults lead busy,tiring lives.B.Coloring books are expensive.C.It is to put down the technology.D.Here are 3 reasons to let you deeply understand it.E.Perhaps nothing is more equal to childhood than a color1 ing book.F.It is to pr

44、actise the patience and improve their relation with children.G.An adult coloring book provides a great outlet to escape from all of the screens.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 It was a great shock to me to discover that I had a serious di

45、sease.I had never been very well coordinated(协调)physically when I was_21_.But things seemed to change when I went to university,at the age of 17,I started to_22_some sports.In my third year at university,however,I noticed that it seemed to be difficult for me,and I fell over once or twice for no obv

46、ious_23_My father took me to the family doctor who led me toagood_24_.Two days later,I went into hospital for examinations.I stayed in the_25_for two weeks,during which I had a wide variety of tests.But after all the_26_,they didnt tell me what I had,except that I was a special case.However,they_27_

47、it to continue to get worse.The doctor felt sorry because he could do_28_except giving me vitamins(维生素),I could see that he didnt_29_the vitaminsto have much effect on my disease.I didnt feel like asking for more details,because the disease was obviously_30_.I realized that I had a(n)_31_disease.It

48、was a bit of a shock.However,while I had been in hospital,I had seen a boy who had leukemia(白血病)and he_32_died of that kind of disease.Clearly there were people who were_33_than me.At least my condition didnt make me feel sick,so whenever I felt_34_,I remembered that boy.The doctors told me to go ba

49、ck to university.I_35_doing the research I had started before going to hospital.My dreams at that time were rather hard to_36_Before my condition had been diagnosed(诊断),I had been very bored with life.But shortly after I came out of hospital,I_37_realized that there were a lot of worthy things I cou

50、ld_38_.I began to make progress in my_39_and I got married to a girl called Jane,whom I had met just about the time my condition was diagnosed.That marriage_40_my life.It gave me something to live for.21.A.strong B.young C.old D.calm 22.A.try B.watch C.record D.destroy 23.A.result B.notice C.reason