英语高考专题复习短文改错.pptx

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1、1.1.短文改错的选材通常取自学生的作品，或短文改错的选材通常取自学生的作品，或 类似学生的作品。类似学生的作品。2.2.内容来自学生身边的常见话题。内容来自学生身边的常见话题。3.3.篇章结构的难易程度符合学生的实际水平。篇章结构的难易程度符合学生的实际水平。4.4.语言明白易懂。语言明白易懂。5.5.基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象和繁难的语句结构。基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象和繁难的语句结构。6.6.试题并不是单纯检测语法知识，而是检测考生试题并不是单纯检测语法知识，而是检测考生写作能力中的校验能力。写作能力中的校验能力。一.试题的话题选择第1页/共53页二二.短文改错的设题切入口短文改错的设题

2、切入口近五年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点近五年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点多、覆盖面广。一般以四种题型出现：多、覆盖面广。一般以四种题型出现：错、多、少。从错误比例上看，一般为多错、多、少。从错误比例上看，一般为多词词1 1处，少词处，少词1 1处，错误处，错误7 78 8处。处。设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合辑。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性。运用英语的准确性。第2页/共53页第3页/共53页一、动词形一、动词形 主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。2007四川卷：

3、Whenhegetshome,hesawtheanimalwaitingatthedoor,stillwearinghisjacketwiththewalletinthepocket.2007天津卷：InGradeEightItookphysics.InonetestIgetonly36percentoftheanswerscorrect.gotgot第4页/共53页2006安徽卷：Anyonecanborrowbooksifheorshewish.2006安徽卷：Youcansitatthedeskandreadthedailynewspapers,magazinesandtheotherb

4、ooks,butyouarenotpermittotakethemoutwishespermitted第5页/共53页解决方案(1)通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律.(2)结合语境，灵活运用时态形式.(3)认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动.第6页/共53页二、名词数二、名词数 指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。2007陕西卷：Personally,Ifoundmostlessonratheruninteresting.2008浙浙江江卷卷：Anearbycompanywaslookingfor students with good handwriting to writeaddressesoneve

5、nlope.Thepaywas10centsperenvelope.lessonsevenlopes第7页/共53页2006福建卷：If you have interests in it,reply to me soon.2006陕西卷：They have all sorts of course.Im sure you will find one you like it.2006重庆卷：In summer,the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful.interestcoursessky第8页/共53页1.The book will g

6、ive you all the informations you need.2.He is on good term with me.3.He is a generous fellow,and will soon make friend with you again.They did not want me to do any work at family furniture,fun,homework,paper,news,progress,trouble,work（工作），advice等informationtermsfriendshome第9页/共53页1.理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与

7、联系.2.记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法.3.3.结合语境认真分辨同义名词或近义名词.第10页/共53页三、还要注意形和副 注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。2007浙江卷：浙江卷：Igottothefinishinglinefirst.Iwontherace.Ifeltveryproudlyofmyself.2006福建卷：福建卷：Wecanhearbirdssinginghappyallaround.proudhappily修饰修饰名词，名词，bebe动词，系动词动词，系动词要用要用形容词形容词修饰修饰动词，形容词，整个句子动词，形容词，整个句子

8、用用副词副词比较级比较级和和最高级最高级的使用的使用第11页/共53页2008全国卷：I will learn more about the history of the Olympics as good as the 2008 Olympic games.2006辽宁卷：She was usual patient with her students and never made them disappointed.usuallywell第12页/共53页1.You must make your parents happily.2.He looked differently after his

9、 return from Europe.3.The number of girls is very few.happydifferentsmall第13页/共53页4.They came back lately and had some tea.5.The two men threw all their equipment into the water to make the balloon light.6.The new person on the job feels more better after he or she has played tennis with other peopl

10、e in the office.latelightermuch/even/rather第14页/共53页解决方案(1)熟知形容词和副词的句法功能.(2)理清短文中形容词和副词比较等级的关系.(3)结合短文内容，准确使用形容词和副词.第15页/共53页四、非谓语，细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。2007浙江卷：浙江卷：Icouldnottorunveryfastandfellbehind.2007宁夏卷：LiMengcameseemeeveryday.to第16页/共53页2008重庆卷：重庆卷：Andthereweremanymeaningful

11、things2008辽宁卷：辽宁卷：Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespenttogetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.rememberingthatwereworththinkofthinking第17页/共53页1.He has never been heard speak ill of others.2.We hear it say frequently that what present-day men most desire is security.3.It is diff

12、icult to make yourself understand in English.tosaidunderstood第18页/共53页4.On his way home,he suddenly heard his name calling.5.But then there are always more mysteries look into.6.After learn the basics of the subject,nothing else seemed very practical to me.calledtolearning第19页/共53页7.That is,a game o

13、f tennis making him very busy.8.He didn t want share things with other people.9.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper.10.My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.madetotalkingto第20页/共53页11.The air keeps the balloon up was escaping qui

14、ckly and the balloon was coming down.12.I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.13.They wanted one child or another to come out and played.keepingbecomeplay第21页/共53页(1)纵观全文或全句，明确句中动词所作的句子成分.(2)系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能.(3)前后联系，整体把握.第22页/共53页六六、代词代词格，格，细领悟细领悟1.1.人称代词人称代词主格主格和和宾格宾格，物主

15、代词物主代词的使用的使用反身代词反身代词oneselfoneself的使用的使用3 3不定代词不定代词的使用的使用4 4Both,all,either,neither,noneBoth,all,either,neither,none的使用的使用.5 5.WhoseWhose 和和whoswhos，itsits和和itits s的区别的区别第23页/共53页五五、代词格，细领悟代词格，细领悟（2007全国I）Iwasonlyaboutsixwhenheheldhishandouttome.Itookitinmeandwewalked.mineFinally,thementhrewawaymost

16、ofhisclothestosavethemselves.their第24页/共53页2008全国II：Ishouldbeabletotellvisitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthemtheirgreatachievement.2007陕西：JustatthattimeIwokeupandfoundmestillinbed!ourmyself第25页/共53页1.Knowledge is there for whomever will seek it.2.Whom do you think is the writer of this book?3.

17、His brothers case is quite different from me.whoeverwhomine第26页/共53页4.People find increasingly difficult to make their living.5.He is taller than any one in his class.itelse第27页/共53页7.I read your e-mail to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me.8.I hope that both you two could come a

18、nd visit us some time soon.9.Those fresh men finally learned to solve the problems by them.themselves第28页/共53页解决方案(1)顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指代关系，注意联系上下文。(2)系统掌握it的各种用法.(3 3)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。第29页/共53页主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。catchasightoflosemyheartinhurryinSundayafternoonsuchmanypeopleinashorta

19、on so六、习惯用法要记住第30页/共53页1.Dontapproachtoaworkofartinsuchaspirit.2.Theboywasabsorbedbuildingadaminthebrook.3.Iwasimpressedatthezealwithwhichhespokeoftheplan.4.Thegentlemaninsistedatmyreceivingthemoney.5.Atlastwereachedtothevillageatthefootofthehillinwithon第31页/共53页6.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,m

20、ylifechanged.7.When a young man starts to earn his own living,he can no longer expect others to pay his food.8.Iimagineyoullbeatvacationyourselfbythattime.offoron第32页/共53页解析方案:(1)平时的学习中注意积累语言知识，特别是一些固定搭配的记忆.(2)强化语法训练，分清连词，副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能.(3)语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来.第33页/共53页七、句子成分多分析七、句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的词

21、类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。2008年安徽卷年安徽卷:Shelookedatmeandstartedtolaugh.“Howareyoulaughing?”Iasked.2007天津卷：天津卷：Iwasluckyenoughtohaveateacherwhichdidnttakemybadgradesasajudgementofmyabilities,butwho/thatWhy第34页/共53页1.MyroommatelivesinasmalltownincentralMissouri,aquiettownwhichIwouldl

22、iketolivemyself.2.TheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates,twoofthoseareseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater.3.Thesephotoswillshowyouhowourvillagelookslike.4.Icannotmakesenseofthathesaidatthemeeting.wherewhichwhatwhat第35页/共53页1.30percentofgirlswouldliketobecometeacherswhenonly5percentofboyswanttodothis

23、job.2.Webecomemoreandmoreimpatientofinterruptionswhentheyearsgoon.3.ItwasnotuntilitbegantorainwhenInoticedhisumbrellaleftinmycar.whileasthat第36页/共53页八、逻辑错误须关注八、逻辑错误须关注 与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。2006四川卷：四川卷：Thatnight，wesatdowntowhattheythoughtwouldbeapleasant,uninterruptedmeals.NMET2005:Som

24、estudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.wetheir第37页/共53页 2006辽宁卷：She always made sure that our homework was finished on time,but she marked strictly on our actual performance.2007四川卷：He thought the poor animal was injured,but the kind farmer took off his jacket and put on the animal.andso 第38

25、页/共53页I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.Hewillstaythereoneandtwodays.andor第39页/共53页考点剖析:(1)并列连but,and,or,so 等词的混用，常常出现在改错题中。(2)并列连词和从属连词的混用。(3)平行结构方面的错误。第40页/共53页常考的错误形式有：连词but，and，or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。2oo7全国II：Imeanttowritelongle

26、tterandtellyouallthethingsImdoingattheschool2007四川卷：AnAustralianfarmerfoundthekangaroocaughtinthefencearoundhisfarms.aa九、冠词、连词常光顾第41页/共53页3.IgainedsomuchconfidencethatIwentbacktoschoolasnewperson.4,Withcomingofspring,grassandtreesturngreen.5.When a child is five in England or Wales,his parents must

27、send him to the school.6.After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened.athean第42页/共53页冗词的多用1.Last summer,I went to Beijing,my first time trip to the city.2.Two years later,he returned back home.3.It is about 200 miles far away from London.第43页/共53页4)Many students feel it that a popular teacher

28、 must be kind and easy-going.5.The girl is proud of that her family is well descended.6.Like most of my schoolmates,I have neither brothers nor sisters-in any other words,I am an only child.第44页/共53页7.We may be one family and live under the same roof,but we do not seem to get much time to talk about

29、 together.8.(02春季)For instance,on one night he played strong and loud music till four o clock in the morning.9.Evening came down.10.(NMET03)The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese.第45页/共53页At Christmas Eve,Jim went with his1._father to choose a Christmas tree.They choose 2._a big on

30、e.It was almost as taller as the room!3._They put them in the corner of the sitting4._on_chose_tall_it动词形动词形介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住还要注意形和副还要注意形和副代词格，细领悟代词格，细领悟2009高考英语短文改错模拟训练第46页/共53页room.Kate was covered it with a lot of5._Christmas light.The sitting room looked6._really beautifully at the

31、moment.There was 7._a fire burn in the fire place,and the Christmas8._tree lights were shinning brightly.Jim or his9._parents singing and dancing happily.10._was_lights_beautifulwere动词形动词形还要注意形和副还要注意形和副动词形动词形名词数名词数2009高考英语短文改错模拟训练逻辑错误须关注and非谓语，细辨别burning第47页/共53页短文改错应注意的问题短文改错应注意的问题 四不改四不改:标点符号不改。标点

32、符号不改。大小写不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改。词序错误不改。（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改)。在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错。在句中不可能用错。第48页/共53页短文改错应注意的问题短文改错应注意的问题 1.在有错行改动一词。2.改变实词形式，不能将一个实词换成另一个实词.3.添加或删除虚词(如冠词，介词等).4.多改正，少添加或删除.5.最大限度地保持句子和短文原意.6.改动最有把握的10处，可改可不改的不改第49页/共53页1.1.通读全文，掌握大意通读全文，掌握大意 .(1.(1)2.2

33、.逐句推敲，审查，改正错误逐句推敲，审查，改正错误 .(5.(5)3.3.复读全文，修订答案复读全文，修订答案 .(2.(2)三步骤：三步骤：第50页/共53页两关注：两关注：1.1.要关注句子要关注句子,以句子为单位，不以行为单位以句子为单位，不以行为单位2.2.要关注行首与行尾要关注行首与行尾 很多短文改错题中有这样一种现象：错误正很多短文改错题中有这样一种现象：错误正处于上一行的末尾和下一行的开始，而这两处于上一行的末尾和下一行的开始，而这两个部位正是考生们忽视的地方个部位正是考生们忽视的地方Itwasverynicetogetyourinvitationtospendweekendwithyou.LuckilyIamcompletelyfreethen,soIllsay“yes”.IllarriveinBristolataround8pminFridayevening theon第51页/共53页Practicemakesperfect.谚熟能生巧第52页/共53页感谢您的观看！第53页/共53页