综合英语Unit学习.pptx

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1、Warming-upDoyoukeepintouchwithyourchildhoodfriends?How?Whatdoyouneedfriendsfor?第1页/共90页Whats friendship?Always treating people the way you would want them to treat you.Always smile and say hello when greeting other people.Doing something good for someone when no one is looking.Always lift up your fr

2、iends spirits with positive words and actions.Always being courteous,pleasant,and never misbehave.Always respect others differences:gender,abilities,culture,race,and ethnicityAlways speak and act genuinely.You should assist others when they are in need.Do not be a follower.Do not sacrifice character

3、.Always show consideration for others.Then,you will have F.R.I.E.N.D.S.H.I.P.F:FriendlyR:RespectI:IntegrityE:EncouragingN:NiceD:DiversityS:SincerityH:HelpfulI:IndividualP:Politeness第2页/共90页What can friendships give?ForfunTosharefeelingsTofindunderstandingandsupportTofeelneededandusefulTobeyourself第3

4、页/共90页What Makes A Good Friendship?SharedInterestsSharedValuesTrustHonestyRespectCooperationReliabilitySupportUnderstandingSensitivityForgivenessTolerance第4页/共90页Lifeislikeanecho.Whatyougiveiswhatyouwillget.Whatyousendiswhatyouwillreceive.第5页/共90页The kinds of friendshipsSameGenderMale-female第6页/共90页

5、Friendship between WomenAwomandidntcomehomeonenight.Thenextdayshetoldherhusbandthatshehadsleptoveratagirlfriendshouse.Thenmancalledhiswifes10bestfriends.Noneofthemknewanythingaboutit.第7页/共90页Friendship between MenAmandidntcomehomeonenight.Thenextdayhetoldhiswifethathesleptoveratabuddyshouse.Thewoman

6、calledherhusbands10bestfriends.Eightofthemconfirmedthathehadsleptover,andtwoclaimedhewasstillthere!第8页/共90页About the authorEllenGoodmanSheisanAmericanoriginal.Herabundanttalents-intellect,wit,style,newsjudgment-setherapartwithanlanuniquelyherown.HerPulitzerPrizewinningcommentaryappearsinmorethan375n

7、ewspapers.第9页/共90页EllenGoodman,isaBostonGlobeOnlinecolumnistandastylishwriterwithahumanizingtouchonanyissue,publicorpersonal.Sheiswidelyacclaimedasavoiceofsanity,andreadersdependonhertohelpthemmakesenseoftheirchanginglivesandrelationships.About the author第10页/共90页About the textThistextistakenfromClo

8、se to Home,whichwaspublishedbyTheBostonGlobeCompany/WashingtonPostWritersGroupin1979.第11页/共90页TapestryAheavyclothwovenwithrich,oftenvaricoloreddesignsorscenes,usuallyhungonwallsfordecorationandsometimesusedtocoverfurniture.第12页/共90页Tapestryntapestrycarpet用染色经线织成图案的地毯tapestrysatin织锦缎Somethingfelttore

9、semblearichlyandcomplexlydesignedcloth:thetapestryofworldhistory.e.g.Suchstrangeeventsareallpartoflifesrichtapestry.这些怪事都是丰富多彩的人生的一部分。第13页/共90页The purpose of the textP69Ex.IThistextdistinguishestwokindsoffriendship:thatbetweenmenandthatbetweenwomen.第14页/共90页Structural analysisItcanbedividedintofourp

10、arts.第15页/共90页Part I paragraph 1-2Whatkindoffilmdidthewomanjustsee?Whatdidshethinkofit?第16页/共90页GirlfriendsGirlfriends ItisabelievableItisabelievablerelationshipstoryofarelationshipstoryofayoungJewishwomanwhoyoungJewishwomanwhoistryingtomakeitonheristryingtomakeitonherown,copingwithwork,own,copingwi

11、thwork,romanceandfriendshipatromanceandfriendshipatthesametimeandhastothesametimeandhastoacceptthemarriageofheracceptthemarriageofherbestfriendandroommate.bestfriendandroommate.ItseemedalmostItseemedalmostrevolutionaryin1978whenrevolutionaryin1978whenitwasfirstreleased.Itisaitwasfirstreleased.Itisas

12、mallmoviethatmadeasmallmoviethatmadeabigsplashwithitsfocusonbigsplashwithitsfocusonwomensinteriorlives.womensinteriorlives.第17页/共90页 slighta.ofsmallimportanceoronsideration;trifling:nnotintheslightest:notatall第18页/共90页slight1)她动不动就生气。Shetakesoffenceattheslightestthing.2)你一点也没使我为难。Youdidntembarrassme

13、intheslightest.第19页/共90页budgetn.theamountofmoneyneededoravailableforaparticularpurpose.afamilybudget家庭收支预算budgetplan分期付款vt.planthespendingofnbudgetonestimebi.savemoney(foraparticularpurpose)nbudgetforthecomingyearadj.cheapabudgetdress第20页/共90页budget我们精打细算就能买辆新汽车了Ifwebudgetcarefully,wellbeabletoaffor

14、danewcar.第21页/共90页chasen.Utheactofpursuingsomeoneorsomething.nAfteralongchase,wecaughtthethief.第22页/共90页cosmic1)relatingtotheuniversenPhysicsisgovernedbycosmiclaws.ncosmicbeing2)verygreatcosmicinfluencecosmicscandal第23页/共90页affectingadj.inspiringstrongemotion:moving.nDepartureisanaffectingscene.1)他去

15、世的消息使她深感悲痛。nShewasdeeplyaffectedbythenewsofhisdeath.2)这是一部关于一个病入膏肓的女人的感人戏剧。nItwasanaffectingdramaaboutawomanwithaterminalillness.第24页/共90页affect vt.to make someone feel strong emotions passiveWe were all deeply affected We were all deeply affected by the news of her death.by the news of her death.to

16、 influence;to do something in order to produce an effect on someone or somethingeffecteffectn.n.The change in climate may affect your The change in climate may affect your health,ie be bad for you.health,ie be bad for you.第25页/共90页panvt/i.swing(avideoorfilmcamera)tofollowanobjecttohaveanall-roundvie

17、wofit摇动（镜头）拍全景.Thecamerapannedslowlyacrosstothedoor.第26页/共90页Comparepan&zoomin/outpan:move(afilmcamera)fromsidetoside,upanddown,etc.,followinganactionwhichisbeingrecordedonfilmortelevisionzoomin/out:causetheobjectbeingphotographedtoappearnearer/further第27页/共90页n.E.g.Olderdriversaremorelikelytobeseri

18、ouslyinjuredbecauseofthefragilityoftheirbones.fragileadj.easilydamagedorbrokenfragility第28页/共90页resiliency(resilience)n.theabilitytorecoverreadilynRubberhasmoreresiliencythanwood.nresilientadj.n这个橡皮球弹性很大，很快就恢复原来的形状了。nThisrubberballisveryresilientandimmediatelyspringsbackintoshape.第29页/共90页tissuen.1)

19、network,webnHisstoryisatissueoflies.他的话是一派谎言.2)massofcellsformingthebodyofananimaloraplantnmusculartissue3)thin,softpaperforwrappingthings,protectingdelicatearticles,etc.第30页/共90页Paraphrase:1.Slowly,it panned across the tapestry of friendshipshowing its fragility,its resiliency,its role as the conne

20、cting tissue between the lives of two young women.(Para.2,lines1-3)Step by step it showed an all-sided view of the complex structure of friendship:How it was easily broken;how it was recovered;and how it connected the lives of the two young women.第31页/共90页Part II paragraph 3-61.Whydoestheauthorlistt

21、hemoviesthewomanhadseenthatyear?Todescribethewomansobservationoftheshiftoffocusofthecinema2.Whatdoestheauthordiscusstheshiftoffocusfor?Soastoadvancetheargumentforthedistinctionbetweenthetwotypesoffriendship:thatbetweenmenandthatbetweenwomen.第32页/共90页drasticadj.nadrasticremedy烈性的药物takedrasticmeasures

22、采取果断措施激烈手段adrasticdebate激烈的辩论makedrasticchange做彻底的改变第33页/共90页buddyn.CaclosefriendSynonym:chum,pal第34页/共90页flickn.1)acinemafilm2)quicklightblow,withawhiporthetipofafingernByaflickofhiswhip,hedrovetheflyfromthehorseshead.3)quicksharpmovementHehittheballwithjustaflickofthewrist.v.第35页/共90页Hairflicking第

23、36页/共90页Trendytrendy clothes.Thetrendyrockgroupisonlyaflashinthepan.这个新潮摇滚乐队只是昙花一现。middle-agedtrendies赶时髦的中年人第37页/共90页casualtrendyformal第38页/共90页bingen.Ifyougoonabinge,youdotoomuchofsomething,suchasdrinkingalcohol,eating,orspendingmoney.狂饮作乐1）a short period when you do too much of something,especial

24、ly drinking alcoholaweek-endbinge周末狂饮第39页/共90页binge2）excessive indulgence in anythingashoppingbinge抢购agamblingbinge赌徒aneatingbinge暴食Theywentonabingelastnight.他们昨夜出去狂饮作乐。第40页/共90页Paraphrase:This wasnt just another binge of trendiness,but a kind of cinema vrit.(para.4,line 1)The shift of focus from Ma

25、le Buddy movies to the Female Friendship flicks was not just a crazy trend catering to the new fashion;instead it reflected the reality of social changes and developments.This wasnt simply a shift from one fashion to another,but a truthful description of friendship.这不是潮流的变迁，而是对友谊的真实刻画。第41页/共90页Acros

26、s millions of miles of celluloid,the ideal of friendship had always been male(Para.5,lines 1-2)In numerous movies,the ideal friendship had always been between men.Paraphrase:Metonymy:借代，换喻，转喻 A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associate

27、d第42页/共90页Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid神枪手与智多星轻喜剧风格的西部片。两位主人公都是反英雄类的典型，是令人愉快的个人主义者。特别是保罗纽曼，自命不凡，永远乐观，从没杀过人，整天幻想着全世界的银行都已时机成熟待他轻取，实实的一个空想家。他与搭档神枪手罗伯特雷福德爱着同一个女人，他们最擅长的就是在打抢或逃亡时还一路诙谐打趣，这与传统西部片里的歹徒绝对两样。影片温情而饶有趣味，因纽曼和雷福德的表演而大放光芒。两位男星英俊迷人无疑是主要吸引力，但他们确实也得益于编剧威廉高曼的机智诙谐和导演的超一流水准。该片最终获得奥斯卡最佳剧本、最佳摄影、最佳音响、

28、最佳音乐项大奖。人们把它推为首席非主流西部片第43页/共90页Cullv.choosefromvarioussourcesinformationculledfromvariousreferencebooksextractsculledfromthebestauthors？佳作选段第44页/共90页anthropologyn.Thescientificstudyoftheorigin,thebehavior,andthephysical,social,andculturaldevelopmentofhumanbeings.第45页/共90页bondv.toformaclosepersonalre

29、lationship.nMostofthetime,smileisamessagewesendtootherpeople-communicatingjoyfuldisposition,awillingnesstobondandsoon.第46页/共90页There had been something almost atavistic about these visions of attachments as if producers culled their plots from some pop anthropology book on male bonding.(Para.5,lines

30、 3-5)These stories on mens friendship were almost like being inherited from our grandfathers.It seemed that the producers of these movies had selected their stories from some popular anthropology books on friendship between men.Paraphrase:第47页/共90页primal1)firstororiginal;primevalthelossoftheirprimal

31、innocence2)fundamental;essentialMoneywasaprimalnecessitytothem.对于他们,钱是主要的需要。Synonym:primary,chief,main第48页/共90页Movies portrayed the idea that only men,those direct descendants of hunters and Hemingways,inherited a primal capacity for friendship.(Para.5,lines 5-6)Movies gave us an impression that onl

32、y men,the posterity of hunters and Hemingway,had the instinctive ability of making friends.只有男人那些猎手和海明威式人物的后代才继承了结交朋友的天性。Paraphrase:第49页/共90页Ernest HemingwayoneofthemostfamousAmericanwritersofthe20thcentury.(novelsandshortstories)But man is not made for defeat,a man can be destroyed but not defeated

33、.第50页/共90页pick on sb.choosesb(esprepeatedly)forpunishment,criticismorblameShetoldMomtheboyswerealwayspickingonher.Synonym:tease,bully第51页/共90页That duality must have been mortally wounded in some shoot-out at the Youre OK,Im OK Corral.(Para.6,lines 1-2)The two sides must have been mortally wounded in

34、 the gunfire in the movie.Paraphrase:第52页/共90页Part III paragraph 7-181.Whatsthefundamentaldifferencebetweenbuddiesandfriends?Theformeris-orientedwhilethelatteris-oriented.actionemotion第53页/共90页Part III paragraph 7-182.Whataretheconditionsofmenbecomingbuddiesandofwomenbecomingfriends?nTheMaleBuddines

35、sisbasedontheneedforco-operationintheactivitiesthatmenareengagedinorintheadversitytheyareconfrontedwith.nIncontrast,theFemaleFriendshipbordersonlove,theneedformutualemotionalsupport.第54页/共90页border on1.benexttosthThetwovillagesborderoneachother.2.bealmostthesameassth:Theboysreplytohisteacherwasborde

36、ringonrudeness.那男学生回答教师的问话时态度近乎粗鲁.我兴奋的近乎于疯狂了。Iwasinastateofexcitementborderingoninsanity.第55页/共90页attachmentnaffection,devotionattachv.Idontattachanyimportance/significancetotheserumors.Noblameattachestoyouinthisaffair.这件事不怪你.feelastrongattachmenttoonesfamily十分恋家第56页/共90页adversitydifficulties,misfor

37、tune,hardship,disasternMr.Huanghasbeenagoodfriendtomeinadversityorinprosperity.nAdj.adverse:unfavourable,contrarynThedevelopmentwasadversetoourinterests.这种发展与我们的利益背道而驰。n通往幸福的道路总是布满艰难困苦。nTheroadtohappinessispavedwithadversities.第57页/共90页accessory 1.athingwhichcanbeaddedtosomethingelseinordertomakeitm

38、oreusefulorattractive.nTheaccessoriesofherdressaremoreexpensive.2.personwhohelpsanotherinacrimenShewaschargedwithbeinganaccessorytotheembezzlementoffunds.第58页/共90页through the wars together corporate or athletic or military?(para.10,line 2)through the commercial,athletic or military strives together一

39、个男人曾经告诉过她，男人们只有一起在商场、竞技场或战场上竞争过才会成为真正亲密的朋友。Paraphrase:They had to soldier together.(para.10,lines 2-3)They had to struggle together.他们得一起坚持下去。第59页/共90页count.asregardAasBTwochildrenundertheageoftencountasoneperson.Youvenogirlofyourown,youmustcountmeasyourdaughter.counthimasbeingveryreliable.第60页/共90页

40、loathsomeadj.causinghatedordisguste.g.Hesaloathsomeman.loathtodosth:unwilling,reluctante.g.Iamloathtogoonsuchshortnotice.nothingloath:quitewilling;eagere.g.Heconsentedatonce,nothingloath.第61页/共90页confidence(oftenpl.)asecretorprivatemattertoldtosomeoneunderaconditionortrust.enidiom:in(strict)confiden

41、ceasasecretImtellingyouthisin(strict)confidencesodontbreatheawordofit.nCompare:confidential&confident第62页/共90页1)Weare_ourChinesecomradeswillwinthevictory.2)Ihad_inmyownyouthandenergy.3)Thisinformationis_.confidentconfidenceconfidential第63页/共90页Buddies hang tough together;friends hang onto each other

42、.(para.11)Buddies hold on together in face of adversity;friends cling tightly to each other for emotional support.伙伴们一起坚持；朋友们相互依靠。Paraphrase:第64页/共90页wretchedadj.inadeplorablestateofdistressormisfortune;nSynonym:miserableTheirwretchedlifeconstitutesasharpcontrasttotheluxuryoftherich.nWhatawretchedex

43、istencethepeopleintheslumlead!第65页/共90页restraintHisragewasbeyondrestraint.他怒不可遏。Iamundernorestraintwhatever.我不受任何束缚。restraintoftrade贸易限制restraintonexportandimport限制进出口restrainv.第66页/共90页BabbittAnow-rarenicknamederivedfromtheSinclairLewisbookofthesamename;itcanbelooselydefinedasanuncultured,“square”,

44、typicallymiddle-agedandmiddle-classbusinessmancharacterizedbytimidityandignoranceoftheirphilistinism(平庸).第67页/共90页She had reread Babbitt recently,that extraordinary catalogue of male grievances.(para.16,lines1-2)Recently she read the novel Babbitt again.To the main character Babbitt readers may have

45、 a lot of resentment.catalogue of:a series of catalogue of failures,disasters,errors Paraphrase:第68页/共90页The only relationship that gave meaning to the claustrophobic life of George Babbitt had been with Paul Riesling.(Para.16,lines 2-3)Paraphrase:George Babbitt led a claustrophobic life.The only th

46、ing that made his life meaningful was his relationship with Paul Riesling.唯有与保罗瑞斯林的关系才使乔治拉伯特幽闭的生活有了意义。第69页/共90页Para 17Whywasthewomanshockedbymensdescriptionoffriendship?BecausemensstandardofintimatefriendshipissodrasticallydifferentfromwomensthatundersuchcircumstancesasdescribedinParagraph17womenwou

47、ldnotcounteachotherasclosefriendsatall.第70页/共90页What distinctions?Buddy(male)nFriend(female)inthereflectionofactsmoresignsandexpressionsoflovebondedlovedfaceadversitytogetherfaceeachotherdothingstogetherbetogetherlinkedtoactivitiesaspecialcategoryforfriendsbecomefriendsthrough“wars”aftersharingsomes

48、ecretsbuddieshangtoughtogetherfriendshangontoeachotherKeeptheworstfromeachotherfriendsconfessbuddiesseekapprovalfriendsseekacceptanceIn restraint,die for each,never hug,not meet or call often,第71页/共90页Part IV paragraph 19Inwhatwaysdobuddiesandfriendsdiffer?nBuddiesarethoseyoucandothingstogetherwithi

49、nyourlifetime,butfriendsarethosewithwhomyoucansharerosesandthornsinyourlife.第72页/共90页ProverbsIcannotbeyourfriendandyourflatterertoo.朋友不能阿谀奉承。nKeepgoodmencompanyandyoushallbeofthenumber.近朱者赤，近墨者黑。nLifewithoutafriendisdeath.没有朋友，虽生犹死。nHeisagoodfriendthatspeakswellofusbehindourbacks.背后说好话，才是真朋友。第73页/共9

50、0页ProverbsEverythingisgoodwhennew,butfriendswhenold.东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。Friendsagreebestatdistance.朋友之间也会保持距离。Friendsarethievesoftime.朋友是时间的窃贼。Thebestoffriendsmustpart.天下无不散之筵席。第74页/共90页ProverbsBirdsofafeatherflocktogether.物以类聚，人以群分。Booksandfriendsshouldbefewbutgood.读书如交友，应求少而精。Chooseanauthorasyouchooseaf