英语长句的翻译.ppt

《英语长句的翻译.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语长句的翻译.ppt（38页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、英语 长句的翻译l英语长句翻译步骤（六步法）：l1、紧缩主干l2、区分主从l3、辨析词义l4、分清层次l5、调整搭配l6、润饰词句英语长句的翻译方法l1、包孕法l2、切断法l3、拆译法l4、逆序法l5、重组法1、Embedding包孕法lTheso-calledembeddingmeansplacingthemodifiers(includingphrasesandclauses)beforethewordbeingmodified,thusthemodifiersareembeddedintheChinesesentences.lThisisquiteoppositetotheEnglish

2、sentenceorderinwhichmodifierslongerthantwowordsusuallytaketheend-position.Thepre-positionembeddingmakestheChineseversioncompactandcoherent,therefore,itisfrequentlyadoptedintranslatingattributiveandappositiveclauses.lCongresshasmadelawsrequiringmostpressuregroupstogiveinformationabout how much they s

3、pend and how they spend it,the amount and sources of funds,membership,and names and salaries of their representatives.lAbarofironplacedinacoil,through which a current is flowing,becomesmagnetized.lTheGeneralAssemblymayestablishsuchsubsidiaryorgansas it deems necessary for the performance of its func

4、tion.2、Cutting切断法l在语句的联接处，如使用关联词的地方，并列或转折的地方，后续成份、主体连接处等，以及按照意群将长句断开译成若干汉语分句。lTheideaofafishbeingabletogenerateelectricitystrongenoughtolightsmallbulbs,eventorunanelectricmotor,isalmostunbelievable.lWesincerelyhopethatyourcongratulationswillbematchedbyyourcollectiveendeavortoseekajustandpracticalsol

5、utiontotheproblemwhichhasbedeviledtheUnitedNationsforsomanyyears.3、Splitting l将词，词组、句子，从句干中拆出来另行处理，或者放在句首，后者放在句子末尾。l1）Splitting s Single WordlAcoldthatrapidlygrewworsecausedhisunlamentedreturntoParis.lAnoutsiderssuccesscouldevencuriouslyhelptwopartiestogettheagreementtheywant.lThenumberoftheyoungpeo

6、pleintheUnitedStateswhocannotreadisincredible-aboutoneinfour.lCharacteristicallyTedderconcealedhisfeelingsandwatchedandlearned.lLetusadmit,and regret,thathehonestlybelievesitimpossibletodifferfromhimhonestly.2）Splitting PhraseslThereisatideintheaffairsnot only of men but of women too,which,takenatth

7、eflood,leadsontofortune.lMymother,JaneLamptonClements,diedinher88thyear,a mighty ageforonewhoat40wassodelicateofbodyastobeaccountedaconfirmedinvaliddestinedtopasssoonaway.l我的母亲简.兰普顿.克来门斯是在她88岁那年去世的。这对于一个40岁时就身体纤弱，被公认有痼疾缠身、注定不久于人世的人来说，是难得的高龄。lTheforeignvisitorswatchedin a fascinated mannerthetourname

8、ntheldinBeijing,whichexhibitedasuperbperformanceinsmashservice,twistservice,steadyservice,highdropandkillingandendedinadraw.l外宾观看了在北京举行的这场锦标赛。这场比赛在发扣球、转球、保险球、吊球和扣杀方面技术都十分精湛，最后达成平局。他们看得简直入迷了。他们看得简直入迷了。lWiththefearoflargely imaginary plotsagainsthisleadership,hisself-confidenceseemedtotallytodeserthim

9、.3）Splitting ClauselThisland,which once barred the way of weary travelers,nowhasbecomealandforwinterandsummervacations,alandofmagicandwonder.l这个地方现在已经成了冬夏两季的休假胜地，风光景物，蔚为奇观；而从前精而从前精疲力竭的旅游者只能到此止步疲力竭的旅游者只能到此止步。lPlasticsismadefromwaterwhich is a natural resource inexhaustible and available everywhere,co

10、alwhich can be mined through automatic and mechanical processes at less costandlimewhich can be obtained from the calcination of limestone widely present in nature.lOnthemarblefireplaceinthemathematicsbuildingatPrincetonUniversityiscarved,intheoriginalGerman,what one might call his(Einsteins)scienti

11、fic credo:“Godissubtle,butheisnotmalicious.”l在普利利顿大学数学大楼里，大理石壁炉上用德文刻着：“上帝是难以捉摸的，但他决无恶意”。这句。这句话可称作是他的话可称作是他的(爱因斯坦的爱因斯坦的)科学科学信条。信条。4、Reversing l拆开英语原句，按照汉语表达法重新安排，原文语序进行全部或局部变换。lInreality,thelinesofdivisionbetweensciencesarebecomingblurred模糊,andscienceagainapproachingthe“unity”thatithadtwocenturiesago

12、-although the accumulated knowledge is enormously greater now,and no one person can hope to comprehend more than a fraction of it.虽然现在积累起来的知识要多得多，而且任何个人也只可能了解其中的一小部分，但事实上，各学科之间界线却变得模糊不清，科学再次近乎于两百年前那样的“单一整体”。lSuch is human nature in the Westthatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayforth

13、eprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.l许多人常常宁愿牺牲比较高的工资以换取白领工资的社会地位，这在西方倒是人之常情。lPerhaps the factor that makes a positive outcome most likely istheclearrecognitionbytheJapanesegovernmentandbusinesscommunitythatthereisanoverridingneedforinnovation,andawideagreementthatthenationalinterestrequiresthatm

14、ajoreffortbeconcentratedinthisarea.l日本政府和企业社团清楚的认识到革新是压倒一切的需要，而且人们普遍认识到民族利益要求集中对这个领域付出巨大的努力。上述这些上述这些认识也许就是很可能导致积极结果认识也许就是很可能导致积极结果的因素的因素。lIt is extraordinarythatinalltheyearstheBritishspentinEgypttheynevergottoknowtherealpeopleofEgypt.l英国人在埃及消磨的岁月这么长久，而对真正的埃及人民缺一无所知，这是颇不寻常的。这是颇不寻常的。完全倒置lAndheknewhow

15、ashamedhewouldhavebeen(1)ifhisgirlfriendhadknown(2)hismother(3)andthekindofpeopleinwhichhewasborn,(4)andthekindofpeopleamongwhomhewasborn.（5）l他出生在这类人中间，（5）出生在这样的地方（4），他有这样的母亲，（3）这些如果让他女朋友知道了的话，（2）他明白有多么丢人。（1）lInsectswouldmakeitimpossibleforustoliveintheworld;(1)theywoulddevourallourcropsandkillourfl

16、ocksandherds,(2)ifitwerenotfortheprotectionwegetfrominsect-eatinganimals.(3)l如果没有那些以昆虫为食的动物保护我们，（3）昆虫会吞噬我们所有的庄稼，害死我们的牛羊家禽，（2）使我们不能生存于世。（1）5、Recastingl长句译成若干小分句lThebigproblemofcomprehensionoftheEnglishtextandthebiggerproblemofhowtoexpressitinrich,present-dayChinesewhichrangesfromtheclassicaltothecoll

17、oquialbothhavetobesolvedinthecourseoftranslation.l了解英语原义是一个大问题，现代汉语既然是文言口语兼收并蓄，怎么用这样丰富多彩的文字来表达英文原文是一个更大的问题，这两个问题在翻译中都要得到解决。l1.IfyougotovisitNobelsoldresidence,the house in which the great chemistremainedabachelorthroughouthislife,youwill catch sight of a shelf laden withexperimentalrecords.l2.They(t

18、hepoor)arethefirsttoexperiencetechnological progress as a curse whichdestroys the old muscle-power jobs thatprevious generations used as a means tofighttheirwayoutofpoverty.l3.成功是通过克服困难得来的。没有困难，便没有成功。如果没有值得我们竞争或奋斗的东西，也就没有什么成功可言。因此，人们时常处于不断努力的状况下，这是一件好事。lSuccess grows out of struggles to overcomedifficulties.If there were no difficulties,therewould be no success.If there were nothing tostruggleorcompetefor,therewouldbenothingachieved.Itiswell,therefore,thatmenshouldbealwaysunderthenecessityofexertingthemselves.