词语的翻译-指称意义和蕴涵意义.ppt

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1、汉英翻译教程汉英翻译教程Chinese-English Translation第三章 词语的翻译词语的翻译 (Translation of Words)指称意义指称意义(denotation,the dictionary meaning or literal meaning)即即“词的词的确切确切和和字面字面的意义的意义”,语言间的语言间的可译性就是由指称意义的基本对等决可译性就是由指称意义的基本对等决定的定的.指称意义往往具有多重性指称意义往往具有多重性,即一词多义现即一词多义现象象.n 他他是是我父亲。我父亲。这姑娘这姑娘是是漂亮。漂亮。此人此人是是书就读。书就读。是是可忍，孰不可忍？可忍

2、，孰不可忍？是是古非今古非今 n 他他是是我父亲。我父亲。He is my father.这姑娘这姑娘是是漂亮。漂亮。This girl is really beautiful.此人此人是是书就读。书就读。This man reads every book he can reach.是是可忍，孰不可忍？可忍，孰不可忍？If this can be tolerated.What cannot?是是古非今古非今 Praise the past to condemn the present.n 稍等一会儿,我就来。他要是不来,我就代他在会上发言。那个人就是他的哥哥。你就是送给我,我也不要。他就着油灯

3、读信。n 稍等一会儿稍等一会儿,我我就就来来.Just a minute.Im coming.他要是不来他要是不来,我我就就代他在会上发言代他在会上发言.If he doesnt come,Ill speak at the meeting instead of him.那个人那个人就就是他的哥哥是他的哥哥.That very man is his elder brother.你你就就是送给我是送给我,我也不要我也不要.Even if you give it to me as a gift,I wont accept it.他他就就着油灯读信着油灯读信.He read the letter by

4、 the oil lamp.面子面子n如果怕丢如果怕丢面子面子，就说不好英语。（），就说不好英语。（）n我是个爱我是个爱面子面子的人，这种事我可做不出来。（）的人，这种事我可做不出来。（）n不是我不买你的不是我不买你的面子面子，实在是这事儿不好办。（），实在是这事儿不好办。（）nif one is afraid of losing his dignity(face),he cant expect to speak English well.nI wouldnt do such a thing-Im sensitive about my reputation.nI have shown due

5、respect for your feelings,but theres really nothing I can do about it.知知之为之为知知之，不之，不知知为不为不知知，是，是知知也。也。When you know a thing,to hold that you know it,and when you do not know a thing,to allow that you do not know it-this is knowledge.如果你留下来，我如果你留下来，我也也要留下来。要留下来。If you stay,I will,too.小马小马也也就是就是十二三岁，脸

6、上还瘦。十二三岁，脸上还瘦。Xiao Ma was no more than twelve or thirteen years old,with a very lean face.她怎么好好的就自杀了？她怎么好好的就自杀了？这这也也怪了！怪了！Why should she have committed suicide for no reason?Its rather odd.10）说说来话长。来话长。11）他的名字我一时）他的名字我一时说说不上来。不上来。12）你连续三天没有交作业，这可）你连续三天没有交作业，这可说说不过去。不过去。13）他两岁就会）他两岁就会看看表了。表了。14）我能）我能

7、看看出你在想什么。出你在想什么。15）你要是觉得这东西还）你要是觉得这东西还看看得过去，就买下来吧。得过去，就买下来吧。说来话长。Its a long story.他的名字我一时说不上来。I cant recall his name at the moment.你连续三天没有交作业，这可说不过去。You have failed to hand in your exercises three days in a row.This is really inexcusable.他两岁就会他两岁就会看看表表了。了。He could tell time even when he was two.我能我能

8、看看出你在想什么。出你在想什么。I can read your mind.你要是觉得这东西还你要是觉得这东西还看看得过去得过去，就买下来吧。，就买下来吧。If you think its all right,then buy it.蕴涵意义蕴涵意义(connotation,what it suggests beyond what it expresses,the overtones of meaning)指词语内含的情感和联想意义，是词语的隐含意义，反映该民族特有的思维方式和社会文化.词的蕴涵意义在不同语言中往往有天壤之别，甚至同种语言内类似指称意义的词语蕴涵意义也不尽相同.他是个他是个纸老虎

9、纸老虎。He is a paper tiger.n只因生得妩媚风流，满学忠都送了两个只因生得妩媚风流，满学忠都送了两个外号：一个叫外号：一个叫“香怜香怜”，一个叫，一个叫“玉爱玉爱”。a)because of their glmorous looks and affected manners,were universally known by the nickname of Darling and Precious.b)But on account of their good looks and charm they were nicknamed Sweetie and Lovely.红楼梦中对女性的称呼，如红楼梦中对女性的称呼，如“王夫人王夫人”、“周瑞家的周瑞家的”的翻译的翻译 Lady Wang Zhou Ruis wife Mrs.Zhou 5）克明：觉新哪，你听着）克明：觉新哪，你听着!(家中高老爷训导觉新的话语）家中高老爷训导觉新的话语）Keming:Juexin,I want you to pay particular attention to this./Listen,Juexin.