《考研资料》2004年大连理工大学物理化学及物理化学试验考研试题.pdf

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2、g-1?QROP,?GSTUV A 0.005 molkg-1 NOP,/0.01 molkg-1?QROP,?TUWX B 0.01 molkg-1?QROP,?TU*Y0.005 molkg-1NOP,C Z 2H _a?bcdV A ef_?Ssys0?ghdijkl B dijmnopqr?ghdijkl C st_?Ssys?dijEklZuv wxyz|yz|http:/ 3.A f01 B f1 C f bB0fB1 4 NaClCf A C=3f=1 B C=3f=2 C C=4f=2 D C=4f=3 5 A S90 B S 090 C S 0,90 6 A B C 7 Na

3、SO4 A ab b=?B 134ab b=?C 1427ab b=?D ABC .(10)AB?(?)?,?,(langmuir),:!#$,A%&()*A+A,B,-.#/0pA1pB23%456:A=(AbpA)/(1+AbpA+BbpB)(78Ab1Bb/96A:B,;&%!#?ABCD15/E,F.GHA:B+IJKL%MNO3PQRST:UV/WXYZA1B/5%_a%bcd*efgd*=hijk Bw bcd*/l fgd*/l Bw bcd*/l fgd*/l 0 -630 0.20 550 410 0.37 460 410 0.47 -410 0.50 419 410 0.5

4、8 -439 0.70 400 295 0.93 -295 1.00 -321 wxrsopyz|wxrshttp:/(1)=hA-B5-LA(2)A1B%/96121.8gmol-11112.4 gmol-1:.AA1BLMNO%/(3)-()(4)Bw0.25A-B700lA+BBBw 110Bplps lnpPa=-KT/2013+22.405 lnpPa=-KT/3133+27.650(1)G:B(s,1mol,300kPa,200k)B(l,1mol,300kPa,200k)(2)200k,300kPa,?2.6?A11kk B?k1?K?T 11ln()ks=-KT/2000+6.

5、0?2000ln5.0KT K=?_?!#?$%&()*_?_ 3.+18),-./0%A+BX+Y?123456A7B89:8;?1h5A8ABC75%6D6E12FGHIJKLM56?N2h85O129APQRSTUV4;8WFXYZ12T_a128bcdefg A hAi1jkhBi0j Bl hAmBni1j Cl hAmBni0j Dl hAi0jkhBi1j El hAi0jkhBi2j yztuqr|yztuhttp:/ Fl hAi2jkhBi0j 414l Il298.15k fmH?/(kgmol-1)mS?/(kgmol-1)HgO(s)73.22 O2(g)205.1

6、H2O(g)-285.85 70.08 Hg(l)77.4 H2(g)130.7(ii)Pt|H2(p?)|NaOH(aq)|HgO(s)|Hg(l)E=0.9265V(1)(2)rmG?(3)HgO(s)HgO=Hg(l)+(1/2)O2(g)rmG?(298.15K)(4)HgO(s)25 512B,1,2,32,3351 2/k=100K,3/k=300K(k)1Bq 2200KBq 3200KB?B?6?7298K?Zn+20.10molkg-1?pH=7,PtE?(Zn+2/Zn)=-0.763V(H2)=0.6VZn!1#$%&()*+,-./01234 7568789:;?pVm

7、=RT+bp(ABbCDE)F1molGHIJKLMNOPQp1RSp2TUSTH VWXYZ12 PC_LaNOPMbcMdefghijJGijklmn_LbcMopfqrFfstBMbcuvMwhmnxyzM|GijSLMOTbTcL a.x b.x c.x d.e.*t f.t g.h.xNO i.bc j.h http:/ 1 abc 1)_ 2)_ 3)_ 4):_ 2.e 1_ 2)_ 3.c?d?1_ 2)_ 4.?h A B C!D !#5$%&()*+,-./01234 555566667777888855559999:;?A9BCDEF9GH?A9BCDEF9GH?A9BC

8、DEF9GH?A9BCDEF9GHI7J9KI7J9LMHNOGPQI7J9KI7J9LMHNOGPQI7J9KI7J9LMHNOGPQI7J9KI7J9LMHNOGPQRST1UV2UW 3UW4UV 5UW6UV 7UW 8UV 9UV 10UV11UW 12UW RXYT1UB 2UC 3UB 4UA 5UC 6UC 7UB#RZT_a,A,AAAB(1)aakp=bcd,AakeAfghijklmnopqrjslmnt,A,AAddk=bcd,AdkeAughijslmnopqklvwxy,A,Aad=z|http:/ yAAAAB1b p=cd,AA,Aadkbk=BBBAB1b p

9、=AAAABB1Ab pb pb p=+(1)b2qBAnn=0.58/112.40.42/121.832,g jeA2B3 b3q()1 A 2 A2B3 3 A2B3 4 B b4qBwe0.25jAB700 x(AB)dBjey700525()yBw0.25bq 525()410yBw0.25Bw0.47 f410bq bq200 KxBfjpptlnPap2 013200 K/K22401224p2287 kPalnPap3 133200 K/K276501199p1603 kPa?GG1G2G3G4G5?http:/ G1G5G2G4GG3228.7ln(1 8.314 200ln)

10、591J160.3lsplpspVdpnRTp=591 J !#200 K300 kPa?$%B&%B(G=591)*0+,$%B-./&%B0$%B123#0!4561676 kJmol-1833796 kJmol-1:;?AAA1A,12A,2111111ln,lnln111tkkxtxtx=A1tBC2tB2CxA,1B07758DExA,2B070625CAFG6.25%HIJK=9?A,1A,2AAA,0AA,0A1A,12A,2,(1)(1)(1)xxxtk ck cxtxtx=DA,21xB0714298LFG14729%HIJ=:?A,0AAA,0A,1A,0A,2A12111

11、,tcxkcxcxktt=DA,21xBE0758MNOHP2 hQARSTU=V?W=?8=X?W=9?8=Y?W=9?V;?ZIJH2Cp?_2OHaq_B2 H2Oa_2e bIJHgOc_2H2Oa_2eBHga_2OHaq_ deIJHgOc_H2Cp?_BHga_H2Oa_=9?fgdeIJB=sC1 molC300 kPaC200 K?B=aC1 molC300 kPaC200 K?B=aC1 molC22877 kPaC200 K?B=gC1 molC22877 kPaC200 K?1GB=sC1 molC16073 kPaC200 K?2GB=gC1 molC160.3 kP

12、aC200 K?G5G4G3G rsmnjktu vwxyrsmnz|http:/ rmGzFE=?BE996 48X0.926 5 Jmol-1BE17878 kJmol-1=:?HgO=c?E70708 Jmol-1K-1 B1637Jmol-1K-1,b,b,brmrmrmGHTS=?B28578XE29871X16371103_ kJmol-1 B23772 kJmol-1 ,c,b,armrmrmGGG=+?B23772E17878_ kJmol-1 B5872 kJmol-1 =V?12,c2lnln(O)/)rmGKRTpp=?58791000BE8731V298715 122l

13、n(O)/)pp?D82(O)pB374V10-16 Pa X7?trvenqq q q q q=9?qB3exE100/20_5exE300/200_B37936 =:?1N2N3N3ex100/205ex300/20082062+2+2+(ZnZn)(ZnZn)ln(Zn)2RTEEaF=+?|+7222(H(10)H)(H H)ln(H)(H)RTEaEaF+=+?|2+(ZnZn)E|793 V+2(H H)E|014 V http:/ Zn11122212lnpppppppTpSVRSdpdpdpRpTpp=11122221()pppppppTHVRHdpTV dpTV dpb pppTp=+=+=C ln21pp*vapmHR1211TTlnp*vapmHRB