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1、人教新课标高考复习 Book 8Unit 1A land of diversity考点基础落实拓展与背诵.词汇与派生联想记忆法1means n手段；方法by no means决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)2majority n大多数；大半in the/a majority占大多数3elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人elect to_do sth.选择、决定做某事4occur vi.发生；出现sth. occur to sb.某人想起某事5slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤；n.滑动，滑倒slip off.从滑落；迅速脱去6hire vt. & n租用；雇佣fire v解雇7nowhe
2、re adv.无处；到处都无anywhere adv.在任何地方8grasp vt. & n抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会grasp at.试图抓9thankful adj.感激的；感谢的be thankful for./that./to do.感激/感激地去做10authority n权威；权力；(pl.)当局；官方构词记忆法1distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n差别；区分；卓著2percentage n百分比；百分率percent n百分之3applicant n申请人apply vi.申请，请求application n申请(表、书)4indicate vt
3、.指示，标示；表明；暗示indication n.5apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地6punishment n处罚；惩罚punish vt.处罚；惩罚7justice n正义；公平just adj.公正的；正义的8mourn vt. & vi.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛mournful adj.悲痛的短语与拓展1by means of.用办法；借助2keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)3team up with与合作或一起工作team up结队；合作4take in包括；吸收take on呈现；雇用5live on继续存
4、在；继续生存6apply for申请；请示得到apply to向申请7back to back背靠背side by side肩并肩8mark out划线；标出界线重点单词1. distinction n. 差别；区分；卓著make a distinction between 对加以区分without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的be distinct in .from . 在某方面与不同（as）distinct from . 与不同（的）He has a distinct gift for drawing.他有很明显的绘画天赋。
5、3indicate v指出；标示；表明；暗示indicative adj.指示的；暗示的 indicate sth. to sb.向某人指出、暗示某物indicate that .示意；表明；暗示；说明The door was left open，indicating that nobody was in.4means n方法；手段(单复数同形)by means of .用办法，借助by all means当然可以by any means无论如何by no means绝不，一点也不means of transportation交通方式温馨提示means作主语且有every, each等词修饰时
6、，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many, few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。All means have been tried. 所有方法都试过了。by no means=not a bit 决不注意放在句首时主句进行部分倒装。By no means _give in to the terrible circumstances at that time although faced with great difficulty.A. they will B. will they C. they woul
7、d D. would they5. majority n. 大多数；大半 be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数major adj.&n. 较大的；主要的；主修，专攻minority adj.&n.少数；少数民族；未成年注意:majority, family, class, group, team, government, public, army, audience, committee等集体名词作主语时, 若将其视作一个整体, 则谓语动词用单数；若强调各个成员, 则谓语动词用复数。the majority of + n. 后可用不可数名词, 也可用可数名词复数, 谓语
8、动词由后面的名词决定。1.The majority _ for the budget. 2.The majority of students _ hard-working. 3.The majority of the damage _ easy to repair. 6.react v. 反应reaction n 反应react to 对作出反应 react on / upon 对有影响react against 反对；反抗；作出反抗的反应10. mark n分数；记号；标志；得分；痕迹；v.标明；标志；打分数，批改mark with.用作标记mark on .在某物上作记号as a mark
9、 of.作为的标志mark sth. down 记下mark down记下；降低的价格(分数) marked adj.有标记的；(定语)明显的，受注意的get a low mark in得低分重点短语1. live on 继续存在；继续生存She lived on for many years after her husband died.live on sth. 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live up to sth. 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准live with sth. 接受或容忍某现象live a. life 过着的生活4、keep up跟上；赶上;持续；维持keep
10、back隐瞒， 保留， 阻止， 阻挡keep (on)doing sth. 继续、重复做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep on继续 keep out of不进入(某处)，留在外边keep to sth. 遵守，信守keep up with 跟上，与同步前进2.team up with与合作或一起工作team up结对；合作team spirit协作精神on a team属于队make the team入选球队play for a team为队效力3. mark out划线；标出的界线They marked out the tennis court w
11、ith white paint.他们用白漆标出了网球场的界线。 mark sb. out for sth. 选出/选定某人做某事mark down 写下，记下；降低的价格mark up 标出；提高的价格mark in 加画；绘入mark out for 看中；选定4take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗take for (错)当作；(误)以为take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功take to喜欢；适应；养成的习惯take.for granted视为理所当然take.as it is/comes对顺其自然take it that从句 认为I take_it_that you will
12、be invited.句式与运用1、Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which2Howe
13、ver，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.3That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.4By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a mul
14、ticultural society. by the time引导时间状语从句(1)by the time一般过去时，主句一般用过去完成时。(2)by the time一般现在时，主句一般用现在完成时或将来完成时。(1)By the time he was twelve，he had learned mathematics all by himself. (2)By the time he retires，he will have worked for 35 years.5.it was the building of the rail network from the west to the
15、 east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.(P2) 选词填空（that/what） This is he wanted.This is the thing he wanted.She is no longer she used to be.She is no longer the person she used to be.6 People from different parts of the world，attracted by the climate and the lifestyle，
16、still immigrate to California.7It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.此句是一个复合句，it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。常用于“it is + V-ed + that从句”句型的过去分词有：said, known, report
17、ed, estimated, expected, believed, thought, hoped, arranged, required, decided, suggested, demanded等It is hoped that youll be able to visit our city in the near future如果过去分词是desired, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, required, recommended等词，那么从句中需要用虚拟语气, 谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”，should可省略。如：It w
18、as suggested that he (should) join the club activities.8.Yes.It didnt occur to me that.是的。我没想到句式：It occurs/occurred to sb.that.意为“某人突然想起某事”。It hits/strikes sb. +that.某人突然想起It occurred to/struck/hit me that I had seen her somewhere before.我突然想到以前在什么地方见过她。 take place “发生”，“举行”When will the basketball
19、game take place?9Wish you were here.(P6) (2011北京，28)Where are the children？The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they_always late.Awerent Bhadnt beenCwouldnt be Dwouldnt have been.经典课文原句1It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA，having attracted people f
20、rom all over the world。3People from Africa have been living(一直住在) in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. 4Built in 1873(建立于1873年)，the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie，who wanted to find a better form of transport than horsedrawn trams. 5When it is your turn
21、 to talk(轮到你说话时), you can show respect by making sure the listener understands what you are saying and is interested. .单元知识活用翻译句子1二十世纪九十年代，很多人去开发中国西部。(in the 1990s)2他们想多赚些钱，让生活变得更加美好。(feel like)3一些人进入了工厂，一些人靠干建筑谋生。(by means of)4有些人和朋友经营小餐馆。(team up with)5他们期待在城市里拥有自己的房子。(of ones own) 连句成篇A lot of pe
22、ople who felt like making more money and lived a better life went to develop the west of China in the 1990s.Some were taken on by factories and some made a life by means of constructing buildings. And some even had their own businessthey teamed up with friends to run small restaurants. Now some of t
23、hem expect to own houses of their own. However，it is impossible for the majority to realize their dream.VIII. 写作1.假定你是第一中学的学生李华，刚从美国参加中美学生文化交流活动回来，请代表你们学校给美方学校写一封感谢信。要点如下：1. 自我介绍；2. 表达感谢；3. 说明活动收获；4. 邀请对方来中国。注意： 1. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2. 词数100左右；3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；4. 参考词汇：款待 hospitality。 Dear Sir / Ma
24、dam, Greetings from China! I am Li Hua from the No. 1 Middle School and Im writing this letter on behalf of our school to thank you for your warm hospitality during our recent visit to your country. I would also like to thank you for your wonderful cultural exchange activities. I am sure that we can
25、 improve our understanding through such activities. We sincerely hope to have more chances to take part in such activities. We are looking forward to your early visit to China and then we will be able to pay back the hospitality we received during our stay in your country. Thank you again, and best wishes!44学科网（北京）股份有限公司
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