牛津英语模块5Unit1词汇讲解.ppt

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1、Wordlist1betrayv.出卖，泄露；辜负，对不忠；背叛betrayaln./betrayern.背叛者betraysb/sth(tosb)Shebetrayedherfriends.她背叛背叛了朋友。Hewasbetrayed(出卖出卖)totheenemybyhisbestfriends.Shebetrayedstatesecretstoenemyagents.她向敌特泄露泄露了国家机密。Hebetrayedmytrustinhim.他辜负辜负了我对他的信任。Hisfacebetrayshisfear.他无意中露出露出恐惧的表情。Thehousebetraysitsage.这座房子

2、显显得年代相当久了。Hisexpressionbetrayedhowangryhereallywas.他的神情暴露暴露出他内心多么愤怒。betrayoneself露出马脚，暴露身份Hehaveagooddisguise,butassoonashespeakshebetrayshimself.他伪装得很好，可是一说话就原形毕露了。betrayonessurprise显得很惊奇2.PretendHepretendednottonotice.Hepretendstobereading.Hepretendedtohavedonethework.Shedidntlovehim,thoughshepret

3、endedto.Letspretendthatweareteachers.3.cheerfuladj.cheerv.使欢呼&n.欢呼声cheerup!别灰心！高兴起来！振作起来！4.admit的用法1）admit作“准许进入”、“允许参加”“被录取”“容纳”解释。Openthewindowtoadmitsomefreshair.打开窗子透透新鲜空气。SuchpeopleshouldntbeadmittedtotheParty.这样的人不能吸收入党。Hewasadmittedto/intoNanjingUniversity.2）admit可作“承认”解释，这时，其后可跟名词、动词的-ing形式、

4、宾语从句或宾语+宾语补足语。Hefranklyadmittedhiserror.他坦率地承认错误。Johnadmittedknowinglittleaboutthesubject.Theboyadmittedthathehadbrokenthewindow.那男孩承认是他打碎了窗子。Youmustadmittheworktobedifficult.你应当承认这项任务是艰巨的。【注意】admit后可接不定式作宾补，但不可接不定式作宾语，如例句。3）admitto:承认。Headmittedtonotnothandinginhishomework.Imustadmittobeingashamedf

5、orwhathappened.发生这样的事我应承认我感到惭愧。Headmitted(to)havingdonehishomework.4)admitof:作“容许”解。如：Thisisauniversaltruthwhichadmitsofnoexception.这是一条毫无例外的普遍真理。5.BegTheybeggedhimforhelp.Imanagedtobegaliftfrom/ofapassingcar.Shebeggedhimnottoleave.Hebeggedtobetoldthetruth.Shebeggedthatshe(should)beallowedtoleave.Be

6、ggarbegged(for)moneyfrompedestrian.Ibegyourpardon.Ibegtodiffer.=Idisagreewithyou.6forgive-forgave-forgivenv.原谅1）.forgive的用法：forgivesb.forsth因原谅某人.Illneverforgiveyouforwhatyousaidtomelastnight.对你昨天晚上对我所说的话，我决不原谅。forgivesbsdoingsth原谅某人某事forgivesbsthWeforgavehimhissin.我们宽恕他的罪行。Weforgivehisnothandinginh

7、ishomework.forgivesbsdebt免除某人债务ForgivenessforgivableforgivingForgiveandforgetexcuse,pardon,forgive6focus1）n.重点，专注的地方；焦点，关注点2）v.集中注意力；聚焦。后常接介词onThefocusofthischapteristheAmericanRevolution.本章的重点是讲美国独立战争。Thebeamoflightmovedacrosstheskyandfocusedontheplane.光束在空中移动，集中对准飞机。focus(sth)on/uponsb/sth集中注意力于He

8、focushisblueeyesonher.他那蓝色的眼睛注视着她。Thediscussionfocusedonthreemainquestions.focuson=concentrateon7guilty.adj.guilt U罪，罪行 be guilty of 犯的罪 Thereisnodenyingthefactthatheisguiltyofmurder.他犯有谋杀罪这个事实是不容否认的。他犯有谋杀罪这个事实是不容否认的。be guilty about sth.内疚He was/felt guilty about what he had done.8.remarkHemadearema

9、rkaboutfoodsafety.Heremarkedon/uponfoodsafety.SheremarkedhowtiredIwaslooking.remarkable非凡的，显著的9.arguearguewithsbabout/oversthItisnousearguingwithheraboutthematter.与她争论这件事是徒劳的。arguefor/againstarguefor/infavorof/againsttheplan.arguethatSomearguethatthesefiguresarenotasworryingastheyseem.一些人主张，这些图并不像他们

10、看起来那么令人担忧。arguesbinto/outofdoingsthIarguehimintotakingarest.我们不妨利用等的时间休息一下。10apologiz(s)e v.apology n.歉意apologize to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉apologize to sb.for doing sth.因做某事向某人道歉make an apology道歉1）单独使用。It is your fault.You must apologize.这是你的过错，你必须道歉。I really dont know who is to apologize.我的确不知道谁应该道歉。2

11、）表示“向表示歉意”要加介词to。Ifyouarelateforclass,youshouldapologizetotheteachereitheratthetimeorafterclass.如果你迟到了，你要么当时，要么课后向老师道歉。Whatyouhavedoneisright.Youneedntapologizetoher.你做的事情是对的，你没有必要向她道歉。3）表示“因道歉”要加介词for。Imustapologizefornotlettingyouknowaheadoftime.没有提前通知你，我表示歉意。Thatsallright.没关系。IapologizedtoMaryfor

12、notcomingtoherbirthdaypartylastweek.我因上周没参加玛丽的生日聚会而向她表示歉意。4）apologize的名词为apology，和make构成makeanapology短语，意思和用法与apologize相同。Thecaptainmadeanapologytothepassengersforthedelaycausedbytheweather.船长因天气造成的延误向乘客表示歉意。TommadeanapologytoJaneforlosinghernewbike.汤姆因丢失了简的新自行车而向她表示歉意。另外，apology也可同accept，refuse等词连用

13、，表示“接受”或“拒绝”道歉。Itisnotgoodmannerstorefuseothersapology.拒绝他人的道歉是没礼貌的。Areyougoingtoaccepthisapology?你打算接受他的道歉吗？11.quarrelwithsbaboutsthThisisthewomanwhowillquarrelwitheverybodyaboutanything.这就是一个无论碰到什么事都要同别人争论不休的女人。12.sensitiveHeisverysensitiveto/abouthisweight.Heisasensitiveandcaringmanandeverywomanl

14、ikeshim.13.envyHeistheenvyofothers.Hercolleaguesweregreenwithenvy.Ienvyyouhavingsuchaclosefamily.14blame1）blamevt.,通常用于下面三个句型:blamesb.forsth./doingsth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事。(被动：beblamedfor)如:Heblamedhisteachersforhisfailure.他把自己的失败归咎于他的老师。ManychildrenareafraidofbeingblamedformakingmistakesinspeakingEngli

15、sh.许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误而受责备。Hiscompanion,blamedfortheaccident,hadnotbeendrivingcarefully.他的同伴没有谨慎驾驶,应对事故负责。blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人。如:ThepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonJackscarelessdriving.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。Itsnouseblamingourdefeatonhim.把我们的失败归罪在他头上是没用的。Sheblamedthefailureoftheirmarriageonhim.她把婚姻的失败归咎于他。

16、betoblamebetoblame(for)(for)应应应应(为为为为)承担责任承担责任承担责任承担责任;该该该该(为为为为)受责受责受责受责备。注意此处不能用被动语态。如:Thechildrenwerenottoblameforwerenottoblamefortheaccident.那次事故怪不着孩子们。Heismoretoblamethanyou.是他更应受责备,而不是你。Whoistoblameforstartingthefire?这场火灾该由谁负责?Iaminnowaytoblame.决不该责备我。2）blame用作名词时,常用于下列搭配:accept/bear/taketheb

17、lameforsth.对某事负责任。如:Youmustbeartheblamefortheaccident.你必须承担造成这次事故的责任。Wewerereadytotaketheblameforwhathadhappened.我们愿对所发生的事负责。put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.将某事归咎于某人。Shellputtheblameonusifitturnsoutbadly.如果结果糟糕,她将会怪罪于我们。Heistryingtolaytheblameonme.他企图把责任推给我。15.giftedHehasagift/talentformusic.Heisgiftedwi

18、thacharmingsmile.16.26getthrough1)做完，结束Wewishtogetthroughthethingquickly.我们期望赶快把这件事做完.2）通过（考试）Theyhaveallgotthroughtheexam.考试他们全通过了。3）看完，度过，用完ImustgetthroughthebookbeforeSaturday.我必须在星期六之前看完这本书。4）（电话）接通Icantgetthroughtohim.给他打电话打不通。16.get(well)along/onwith与某人相处（的好）有关get的词组：getacross传播，为人理解getthrough

19、（电话等）接通getaway走开；离开getover从中恢复；克服困难；解决问题gettogether相聚，聚集getback回来；恢复getoff下车；出发；动身；下班geton上车getup起立，起床getridof摆脱17.acquaintanceacquaintancewithsbacquaintancewithsthIamdelightedtomakeyouracquaintance.Iamdelightedtomaketheacquaintanceofyou.onfirstacquaintanceacquaintmewiththefactsbeacquaintedwith=befa

20、miliarwith18respondvi.回答，答复；响应，反应responsen.回应，反应responsibleadj.有责任的，负责的respondto响应，回答，对作出反应Hewillrespondtothat,notme.他将会为此事做出反应，我不会。respondwithasmile以微笑作为回答inresponseto作为对的反应makeaquickresponseto对作出很快的反应）Tomrespondedwelltothenewcourseofdrugsandwaswellinafewdays.汤姆对新的疗程反应良好，几天就好了。2)Childrenwillrespond

21、tokindnessbutnottocruelty.对孩子好他们才听话，靠虐待是不行的。3)Thehorserespondedtohiscontrol.这匹马很听从他的指挥。4)Inresponsetoyourinquiries,weregrettoinformyouthatwecannothelpyouinthismatter.对于您的问题，我们很遗憾地通知您我们对此无能为力。beresponsiblefor对负责你是否真的想要为你自己的人生决定负责？Doyouwanttoberesponsibleforyourownlifedecisions?have/takeonresponsibili

22、tyfor/todo19.regardless.advInspiteofeverything;anyway:regardlessofIprotested,butshecarriedonregardless.Regardlessofdanger,shejumpedintothefire20.endupendupinfailure/prisonwithasongasalawyergettingmarried21.relyon=dependon1.relyonsb./sth.Irelyonyouforgoodadvice.Thewisewillnotrelyonmedicineforkeepingt

23、heirhealth.Thehavetorelyontheriverfortheirwater.句型2.relyon/uponsb.todosth.Thesedays,werelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.3.relyon/uponsb.doingsth.Youmayrelyonhimcomingontime.Youcantjustrelyonyourparentslendingyouthemoney.派生词：reliableadj.可信赖的，可靠的areliableproductTomiscleverwhileJackishonestandrel

24、iable.高考链接：Jackisvery_-ifhepromisestodosomethinghelldoit.(2009浙江)A.independentB.confidentC.reliableD.flexible4.YoucanrelyonitthatIcanfinishtheworkontime.你相信我好了，我会及时完成工作的。mit1.做、实行或犯（罪）：commitamurder.犯谋杀罪Arobberywascommittedlastnight.昨晚发生了一起盗窃案。commitsuicide2.承诺；保证；遵守commitoneselfto（keeping）mitoneself公开表达意见，作出决定Chairmanrefusedtocommithimself.4.花Theywillcommitmoremoneytotheprojectifitsucceeds.5.监禁，把交付看管；把关进;下狱；判处(徒刑等)：Thejudgecommittedhimtoprison.法官判他入狱。Thecourtcommittedhertoalunaticasylum.法院把她送进精神病院。6.忠于；全心全意投入Heiscommittedtothework.