英语短语分类解析.docx

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1、英语短语分类解析名词短语中心词名词与它的修饰语一起构成，在句子中作主宾表。限定词名/限定词+形容词+名词在名词短语中对中心词名词起限定作用的词，被称作限定词。限定词总是位于中心词名词前，限定词和形容词连用修饰名词时，限定词置于形容词前。不定冠词a book, an apple, an interesting movie定冠词the scientist, the (new) library指示代词this (beautiful) dress, that (tall) girl, those (hard) days, these (kind) people疑问代词which book, what

2、color, whose schoolbag形容词性物主代词my friends, your schoolbag名词所有格Toms cousins, old peoples homes数词two years, the second person (one)形名/名形(短语)/不定代词+形beautiful flowers，fine weatherenough water/water enoughsomething interesting, nothing newa jacket similar to yours(形容词短语作后置定语) 一件与你的（夹克）类似的夹克a man taller th

3、an John(=a taller man than John).(形容词短语作后置定语) 一个比约翰的个子要高的男子a waiter busy serving the guests(形容词短语作后置定语) 一名忙于照顾客人的服务生volunteers ready to help the poor(形容词短语作后置定语) 乐于帮助穷人的志愿者名名可数名词单数a bird cage, a pet shop(宠物店)(可数名词作定语通常用单数形式)复数名词sports cars, clothes stores, women doctors, men nurses不可数名词math exercise

4、s(数学习题), a soccer team名and名(代)teachers and students, workers and farmers, mother and daughter, father and sonMy cousin and I (我和表弟)动名词名(动名词作定语表明被修饰词的用途)speaking skills, reading rooms, sleeping bags, swimming pools, living habits现在分词名/名现在分词短语(主动进行)sleeping children, falling leaves(正在飘落的叶子), developin

5、g countriesfarmers working hard on the farm(农场上辛苦劳作的农民), students listening to the teacher carefully(认真听老师讲课的学生)过去分词名/名过去分词短语(被动完成)broken cars, fallen leaves(落叶), developed countriesphotos taken by myself, cows tied to the tall tree(拴在高树上的牛)名介词短语(后置定语)the answers to those questions，the road to succe

6、ssthe way of doing something, women of medium heightthe girl in red, the little boy in the middle of the room名不定式(短语)主谓关系the first student to come back to the school动宾关系及物动词宾语a weekend to remembersomething important to do next week介词宾语a partner to practice spoken English with, 一个练习英语口语的伙伴a pen to wr

7、ite with一支用来写字的钢笔a piece of paper to write on, 一张用来写字的纸a hotel to stay in一家留宿的旅馆同位关系a plan to travel abroad(出国旅游的计划)a decision to go on vacation(去度假的决定)状语关系He has no time to go back to his hometown(他没有返乡的时间).the way to find out the truth(查明真相的方法)名副词(短语)/代+副词people there(here), (on) the way home, the

8、 picture above (below)kids these days anything else, someone else形容词短语中心词形容词和它的修饰语一起构成，在句子中作表语，定语，补语，状语。形容词and/but/or形容词scary but interesting, young or old, black and white副词(短语)形容词really hard, quite difficult, very exciteda little nervous, kind of tired, much too heavy形容词副词strong/old enough形容词介词短语g

9、ood at speaking Frenchdifferent from his friendsstrict with himselfsurprised at the newsinterested in scienceTom is taller than Mary.busy in preparing for the final exam形容词不定式(短语)glad to meet youafraid to go out alone at night副词短语中心词副词和它的修饰语构成，在句子中作状语修饰形容词，副词或动词。副词and/but/or副词(draw)quickly and well副

10、词(短语)副词(中心词)very well, a lot better副词(中心词)副词(修饰语)(jump) high enough，(speak) quickly enough, seriously enough副词介词短语Mary runs faster than any other student in her class.介词短语介词和它的宾语一起构成，宾语可以是名词，代词，副词，动名词，从句或疑问词加不定式结构，介词短语在句子中作表语，定语，状语，补语。宾语是名词或名词短语简单介词around the world (across)，behind the tree, in class

11、, in danger合成介词without your help, inside the house, into the room双重介词from behind the house短语介词in front of the car, because of the bad weather, in the middle of the road, according to the report，thanks to your warning宾语是代词a story about himIll go camping with them.宾语是副词near/around here, from here (there)宾语是动名词(短语)the ways of learning a second languagelearn English by working with a groupShes fond of speaking in public.宾语是疑问词加不定式结构We have a discussion about how to get there on time.宾语是从句Your success will depend on how hard you work on it.宾语是不定式We have no choice but to wait.(but是介词“除了”)4