(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气易错题集锦.docx

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1、（文末附答案）高中英语虚拟语气易错题集锦单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、The WHO urged that all the countries measures to prevent COVID-19 spreading.A . takeB . must takeC . are to takeD . took2、 - Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I late for the flight yesterday.-Don1 t mention it.A . will have beenB . would have be

2、enC . must beD . could be3、一 If I my dog run out in the street, it wouldnt have been injured by the car.Dont blame yourself any more. Owning a pet is a tough job.A . hadnt letB . didnt letC . wouldnt letD . wouldnt have let4、the separatist forces for Taiwan independence provoke us, force our hands o

3、r even cross the red line, we would take resolute measures.A . CouldB . ShouldC . MightD . Would5、With the help of the detective Sam, Justin was found, so Justins mother insisted an amount of moneyas a reward.A to giveB . on his givingC . he was givenD . he be given6、If they had informed us, we here

4、 now.A . would not comeB . would have comeC . will not comeD . may not come7、r m sorry, but I would rather the specialist as well as the assistants and the project again.A . seated , discuss aboutB . were seated .discussed69、I requested that you the task on time.A . finishedB . finishC . could finis

5、hD . would finish70、The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students two weeks to prepare for the exams.A . giveB . be givenC . should giveD . would be given10(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气_014参考答案1、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：世界卫生组织敦促所有国家采取措施防止C0VID-19的蔓延。此处urge “催促，力劝” 后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，应选A。小提示：动词

6、urge后面的宾语从句必须使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词由“should +动词原形”构成，且should可以 省略。如：He urged that she (should) say sorry to him first.2、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：“谢谢你提醒我时间，否那么昨天我要迟到了。” “不客气。” would + have+done表示 对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。故B选项正确。3、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有让我的狗在街上跑，它就不会被汽车撞伤了。别再自责了。养宠物 是一项艰巨的工作。根据下文it wouldnt have been injured

7、 by the car可知表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句 型为“if +主语+动词的过去完成时,主语+would / could / should / might + have +动词的过去分词”。故 选Ao小提示：if引导虚拟语气111） ,表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“if+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were）,主语+would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。如：If the weather were fine, we would go to Shanghai,如果天气好，我们就去上海。（事实上天气不好）If they had time, th

8、ey would / could / might go with me,如果他们有时间，他们就会（可能）和我一起去。2）,表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“if +主语+动词的过去完成式，主语+would / could /should / might + have +动词的过去分词”。如:If I had taken his advice, I shouldnt / wouldnt / couldnt have made such a mistake.如果我按照他的建议去做，我一定不会（不可能）犯这样的错误。3）.表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果，其句型为“if +主语+动词的过去式/

9、should +动词原形/ wereto +动词原形，主语+would / could / might / should +动词原形”。如：The glass would break if you dropped it.杯子摔下来会打破的。（事实上没有摔下来）If it should rain, the crops would / could / might be saved.假如天下雨,庄稼就一定（有可能）会得救。4、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果“台独”分裂势力挑衅逼迫，甚至突破红线，我们都会采取坚决措施。if引导的虚 拟条件句，与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用should +动词

10、原形，也可将should移到句首并省略if,构成虚 拟条件句的倒装结构。应选B。5、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：在萨姆警探的帮助下，贾斯汀被找到了，所以贾斯汀的母亲坚持要给他一笔钱作为奖励。12 insist on sb* s doing sth.意为“坚持某人做某事“，所以A和B是错误的。Insist也可跟宾语从句，此时的宾语 从句是用虚拟语气,should+动词原形,should也可省略。故C是错误的,分析句子虚stins mother insistedan amount of money as a reward.可知,本句中的 should 省略了，应选 Do6、答案：A解析：考查

11、虚拟语气。句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。本句属于错综条件句，从句与过去事实相反, 而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形, 故A项正确。小提示：错综条件句是虚拟语气的一大难点，主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定，例如此题，句意：如果他 们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。从句与过去事实相反，而here说明主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生 的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形。7、答案：A解析：考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉，但

12、是我宁愿专家和助手都坐下来再次讨论关于这个工程。第一空是 虚拟语气，表示对现在愿望相反的假设，应使用一般过去时，即would rather+sb.+一般过去时，所以用 seated ；第二空是would rather do sth.,意为“宁愿做某事”，所以用discuss about。应选A项。8、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。从句首的if (如果)与主句的would have done (早就做)可判断此题考查虚拟语气，并且根 据主句时态可以判断是与现在事实相反的假设，所以if从句用一般过去式，be动词要用were。虚拟语气中，13be动词的一般过去时只能用were不能用was,应选Bo小提

13、示：If条件句引导的虚拟语气，一般有三种形式。与现在事实相反：If +主语+did（be用were）,主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。与过去事实相反：If +主语+had done,主语+would/should/might/could + have done。与将来事实相反：If + 主语+were to do/should do,主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。虚拟语气做题方法是在正常时态上往前推一个时态，用往前推了时态表达虚拟的不真实性。只要学生记住我们上边列出的这三种形式，做题是轻而易举的。9、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语

14、气。句意：如果今天出发，他周五就可以到达那所大学，这样就可以确保他的演讲。根据Hewould get to the university by Friday判断此处考查与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句应用一般过去时，即if hewere to leave,又从句中有were时可省略if将其提到句首，即were he to leave,应选A项。小提示：此题考查非真实条件状语从句中虚拟语气的省略If引导的虚拟条件状语从句中,如有were, had（助动词）,should时可省略if,再提前were, had, shouldo例如：1）.If I were you, I would choose t

15、o stay at home. Were I you, I would choose to stay at home.2）,If it should snow tomorrow, I would make a snowman. -Should it snow tomorrow, I would make asnowman.3）, If you had followed my advice, you would be better now, Had you followed my advice, you would be better now.10、答案：A14解析: 考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要

16、求他每天早上上交家庭作业。requests后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should） +动词原形。应选A项。11、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿她明天来也不愿今天来。分析句子可知，本句为虚拟语气，would rather后从句 用虚拟语气有两种情况，用一般过去时表现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表过去的愿望，本句表示与将来的 愿望相反的假设，用一般过去时，应选B。12、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我不知道他在公司。要是我知道的话，我就会给他打 了。分析句子可知，虚拟条件 句的从句局部是对过去发生的事进行假设，使用过去完成时，将had移到从句句首实行倒装句式。虚拟条件句

17、 的主句局部表示与过去事实相反的假说，因此使用would have done形式。应选D项。13、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：看到同龄人为成功和独立而奋斗，张悦建议他们应该寻求专家顾问的指导。A.must必须； B.should应该;C.can能；D.shall将。分析句子可知,此句为同位语从句，that引导的从句是suggestion的具体内容，从句使用should +动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气。应选B。小提示：14、答案：C15 考查虚拟语气。句意：我正在努力提高我的英语水平。要是我在高一时努力学习就好了 ！根据“我正在努力提 高我的英语水平。”可推测下一句“要是我在

18、高一时努力学习就好了 ！”。可知，高一(以前)是没有努力， 与过去事实相反的，if only(倘假设.就好了)虚拟语气可用过去完成时。分析选项可知C符合题意，应选C。小提示：if only“要是就好了”，常用以表示愿望。从句一般用虚拟语气。1) . If only +从句(had done)与过去事实相反:If only I had taken her advice!(take)如果我听从了她的建议就好了。(事实是:我没有听从)If only she had not left !(not leave)如果她没走就好了 ！(事实是：她已经走了)2) .If only +从句(would/coul

19、d/might + do)表示与将来事实相反：If only she would go with me tomorrow!她要是明天愿意和我一道去就好了 ！3) .If only +从句(did/were)表示与现在事实相反：If only I were a bird.如果我是一只鸟该多好呀!(事实是：我现在不是鸟)分析本小题可知，本句是与过去的愿望相反的，故要用过去完成时，因此选C。15、答案：C解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：他表现得很自然，好像什么事都没有发生似的。A.even if即使；B.only if只有；C.as if似乎；D.not that并不是说。根据“nothing had

20、 happened to him”使用了过去完成时可推断，是虚拟语 气，只有as if引导的从句使用虚拟语气且符合题意。应选C。小提示：16、答案：A16解析: 考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是来自音乐老师的鼓励，我可能会放弃成为钢琴家的梦想。表达的是与过去事实相 反的假设，所以用的是might have +过去分词。应选A。17、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气省略句的倒装句。句意：如果公司在一开始没有忽略这个错误，这个问题本来是可以从源头上预 防的。根据the problem could have been prevented at its source可知此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，即If the

21、 company had not ignored,此处省略了 if,因此要用倒装句，即要把助动词提前到主语前面，否认词not 不能提前。应选C项。小提示：此题考查了 If的虚拟语气中的对过去事实相反情况的省略形式。当从句中含有were/should/had的形式时，If 可以省略，但句子应为倒装形式，即were/should/had要提前置于句首。1) .对过去事实相反的情况：If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。Had we found him earlier, we

22、could have saved his life.2) .对现在或将来事实相反的情况：If she were here, she would attend the meeting too.如果她在这里，她也参加会议。Were she here, she would attend the meeting too.173) .对将来事实相反的的情况：If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.假设明天下雨，我们只好呆在家里。Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at

23、 home.注意：假设遇到否认词not时，不能与were/should/had缩略为Weren1 t/Shouldn5 t/Hadn1 t而置于句首。如：If I hadn* t warned you, you could have been killed.正确：Had I not warned you, you could have been killed.错误：Hadn1 11 warned you, you could have been killed.18、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：主席的建议是应该制定新的规那么。分析句子可知，the new rule局部为suggestion

24、的同 位语从句，解释说明suggestion的具体内容，从句谓语局部用should的虚拟语气，should可以省略，综述选 Do19、答案：B解析：考查if引导的虚拟语气中的时态搭配。句意：如果上周我没有受伤的话，我将能够参加the 2019 Yangzhou Jianzhen Half Marathono此处是省略if的虚拟语气，从句与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时态，而主句与将来 事实相反，用过去将来时态，应选B。小提示：If引导的虚拟语气:181） .表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：lf+主语+动词一般过去时（Be 动词用 were）主句：主语 + should/would/might/co

25、uld+do : If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2） .表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：lf+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done ： If I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3） .表示与将来事实相反从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+do；if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）

26、主句:主语 +should/would/might/could+do:lf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话, 我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）20、答案：D解析：考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：他建议我们把所看到的记录下来。分析句子可知，recommend （建议）后 用that引导宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，构成should do结构，should可以省略。应选D项。21、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望我能飞到月球上！真的吗？那太好了。wish后面的宾语从句中应用 虚拟语气，W

27、ish用的是一般现在时，表示与现在事实相反的假设，所以用一般过去时态。应选D项。22、答案：D解析：19C - are seated, discussD . seats ,are discussing 8、If she generous as she makes out , she would have donated more money in the catastrophe.A . had beenB . wereC . would beD . was9、He would get to the university by Friday today, which can ensure him

28、 of his speech.A . were he to leaveB . if he had leftC . did he to leaveD . had he left10、The teacher requests he in homework every morning.A . handB . to handC . handsD . handed11、I would rather she tomorrow than today.A . comesB . cameC . will comeD . should comeI didn1 t know he was in the compan

29、y.it, I then.A . Had I known; would call on himB . Should I know; would have called on himC . If I knew; would call on himD . Had I known; would have called on him13、Seeing her peers struggling for success and independence, Zhang yue offered her suggestion that they seek guidance from expert consult

30、ants.A . mustB . shouldC . canD . shall14、I am struggling to polish up my English now. If only I hard in senior one!A . studyB . studiedC . had studiedD . should study15、He behaved naturally nothing had happened to him.2考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了我的劝告，你就不会犯这么大的错误了。根据句意“要是你听取我的意见” 可知，句子是对过去发生的假设。在虚拟语气中，对过去事实进行虚拟

31、，主句用would/could/might/should(not)+have done 的形式，从句用 had(not) done 的形式。应选 D。23、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气中的时态。句意：你介意我把窗户翻开吗？不介意。事实上，我正打算建议你这么做。 第一空would you mind sb did是英语的固定句型,if后的句子要用一般过去时，表示与将来情况相反；第二空 suggest作为“建议”讲宾语从句用虚拟语气，should +动词原形，should可以省略。应选D。小提示：后接虚拟语气的常见词在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose,

32、 advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的that从句中，要 用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.1) 类似用法的还有 advisable, appro

33、priate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等 名词。其后引导的that从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主 句中的时态不限。例如：It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their

34、 decision was that the school remain closed.203)请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。如第二空suggest作为“建议”讲宾语从句用虚拟语气，should +动词原形，should可以省略。应选D。24、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是他坚持到底的决心，他就不会成为一流的网球选手。but for表示“要不是、倘假设 没有”，需要用虚拟语气,属于隐含虚拟条件句，根据uhis determination to stick it outn可知此处表示对过 去情况的虚拟，主句谓语用would(not)

35、+have done,故C项正确。25、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我很抱歉。要不是我病了，我会来帮你一把的。从句为省略if的局部倒装结构，由主句 中的would have come以及句意可知，这里是对过去情况的假设，因此从句要用过去完成时。如If条件句中如 有were,should或had时,可把if省略,并把were,should或had提到主语的前面，使用倒装语序。因此if从 句中省略了 if,就要had提到it之前，C符合题意。有人可能会误选D,但时态错了，如果选D,答案应为ifit had not been。应选 C 项。26、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：为了减少食物浪

36、费，北京的一些餐馆坚持要求顾客在用餐后应该把剩下的食物带走。分 析句子可知，句中insist意为“坚持要求、坚决主张”，后接宾语从句，从句中的动作尚未发生，故从句应 用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略。应选C项。27、答案：A解析:21 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果发现有人携带毒品，将会受到严厉的惩罚，从几年的监禁到死刑不等。因为与将来 事实相反，所以从句用if +主语+ should + do。此处为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装，从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught

37、 carrying drugso 应选 Ao小提示：虚拟语气的倒装：当虚拟条件句中含有were, had, should, could等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将were, had, should, could等词移至句首。此题分析为考查虚拟语气后，先判断与将来事实相反，且主句在前，从 句在后。从句为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装,从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught carrying drugs,从而选出正确的答案。28、答案：D解析：考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：这位老师要求这些书

38、要在五天之内归还图书馆。that the books tothe school library in five days.是一个宾语从句，demand表示“要求”，其后的宾语从句中，用should +动词 原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，“书”和“归还”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，应选D。29、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：董事会认为立即把这些文件打印出来是当务之急。句型itisurgentthat+(should)d。， 且print与file构成被动,故应填(should) be printed, should可以省略。应选D。30、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要求在一切

39、安定下来之前不要告诉任何人最后的决定。request意为“请求”，当其后 接宾语为从句(宾语从句)时，从句谓语常用“(should) +动词原形”的结构。should可省略。应选A项。2231、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：埃伦是个出色的舞者，我多么希望我在上次的舞会上能跳得和她一样好。根据上文wish （动词）可知I as well as her at last party,做wish的宾语，是宾语从句。结合宾语从句意思可知句中表达了说话者的一种不大可能实现的愿望，应用虚拟语气,根据句中“at last party （上次舞会）”可知，是对过去 情况的虚拟，wish后的宾语从句对过去的虚

40、拟要使用过去完成时had done。应选C。小提示：wish后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，对过去情况的虚拟，谓语动词用过去完成时had done ；对现在情况的虚拟, 谓语动词用过去式；对将来情况的虚拟，谓语动词用would/could/might +动词原形。32、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：我太倒霉了 ！如果我今天早上带了雨伞，我现在就不会被困在这儿了。根据句意 可知，该句是虚拟语气，根据this morning判断从句是对过去情况的虚拟，从句应用过去完成时had done表 达，又从句中省略了 if,故将助动词had提前，构成局部倒装句；完整结构是if I had taken ,

41、省略之后是had I takerio应选B项。小提示：此题考查虚拟语气的倒装在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，如果从句有were, had（助动词），should可以省略if然后将它们置于句首。例如:If I were you, I would choose to stay at home.= were I you, I would choose to stay at home.如果我是你， 我就选 择待在家。23If you had taken my advice yesterday, you would be better now.=had you taken my advice yeste

42、rday, you would be better now.如果你昨天听了我的话，你现在就好多了。If it should snow tomorrow, we would make a big snowman.=should it snow tomorrow, we would make a big snowman.万一明天下雪，我们就堆个大大的雪人。33、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他极力主张她星期一去游览长城。urge表示“极力主张，强烈要求”时，后跟从句需用 虚拟语气，结构为should +动词原形，其中should可省略。应选C。小提示：urge的用法归纳和词义辨析urge的用法

43、：urge的用法1 : urge的基本意思是“力劝”“敦促”才旨外部或内部的影响或压力激励某人到达明确的目的。弓I申可表示“强烈要求”等。urge的用法2 ： urge可以接名词、动名词或that从句作宾语，从句中的谓语动词多用虚拟式。有时也可接由动 词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。urge的用法3 ： urge还可用作名词，意为“强烈的愿望”。例如:He has an urge to become a film star.他非常希望成为电影明星。urge的词汇辨析：induce, persuade, urge, convince, counsel, coax 这些动词均有“劝说，劝导，劝诱”之

44、意。induce指用讲道理来使某人做某事。24persuade普通用词，指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。urge语气强，指不断地热情地规劝诱导。convince指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服。counsel较正式用词，指对一些较重大事情所提出的劝告。有时也用于非正式场合，但仍强调严肃的一面。coax指用好话善意或耐心劝诱、哄骗某人做某事。34、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我不是能建议如何做此事的人。recommend表示“建议”时后面的宾语从句的谓语应该用 (should+)动词原形，并且the job和动词do之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，应选A项。35、

45、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是她的及时援助，王子会已经被判处死刑。句中but for “要不是”，是虚拟语气的 标志，相当于if引导的非真实条件句，与过去的事实相反，且the prince和condemn之间是被动关系，故答 案为C。小提示：If引导的虚拟语气：2) .表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：lf+主语+动词一般过去时(Be 动词用 were)主句：主语 + should/would/might/could+do : If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。(事实：我不可能是你)3) .表示与过去事实相反的情况25

46、 从句：|f+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done ： If I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）4) .表示与将来事实相反从句:if+主语+were to dof+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语 +should/would/might/could+do:lf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如

47、果他明天来这儿的话, 我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）36、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：真是松了一口气！如果你忘了带雨伞，我们还在教室里焦急地等着。本句是省略if引导 的错综时间虚拟语气句,还原句子为:We would be still waiting anxiously in the classroom if you had forgotten to bring an umbrella with you, “一直等”这个动作发生在现在，表示现在的情况，所以主句谓语用would + 动词原形，“忘记”这个动作发生在过去，表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语应用过去完成时（had d

48、one）,在 虚拟语气中，假设有had/were/should等助动词，可将其提到句首，省略if变成为倒装句式，即had you forgotten to bring an umbrella with youG 应选 B 项。37、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：我要是听从她的建议提前订机票就好了。我没想到日程上的一点变化会对我的旅 行计划产生如此大的影响。if only （但愿/如果就好）句子中用虚拟语气，由句意可知，是对过去的虚拟， 时态用过去完成时（had done）,此处表建议，第二空用advice,第三空“没想到”是过去的一种事实，用一 般过去时。应选D项。38、答案：D26解析: 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有你的指导，我不可能有这么大的进步。根据语境可知“指导”