仪表防爆及接地系统施工方案(中英).pdf

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1、仪表防爆及接地系统施工方案Construction Scheme forConstruction Scheme forInstrument Explosionproof and Earthing SystemInstrument Explosionproof and Earthing System1 编制说明:在现代工业生产装置中，许多易燃、易爆、易挥发的工艺介质出现在生产流程中,防爆施工对装置的安全运行非常重要；各种工艺参数的检测、显示和控制都实现了自动化、集中化、智能化，特别是集散控制系统（DCS）的广泛应用，对仪表接地系统的要求越来越高。正确完成仪表接地系统，对保证设备及人身安全,保证装

2、置安全运行意义重大。为了高速优质地完成装置防爆及接地施工任务，特编制本方案.2 编制依据：2.1 设计施工图及其它设计文件。2。2 现行自动化仪表工程施工及验收规范。2.3 现行的电气装置安装工程施工及验收规范。2。4 现行自动化仪表工程质量检验评定标准。2.5 厂商提供的产品安装使用说明书等技术文件。2.6 公司质量保证手册、质量体系子程序及其支撑性文件.3。工程概况工程概况应包括：工程名称、地点、规模、特点、范围、主要技术参数、主要实物工程量、工期要求及投资等。4。防爆施工：Explosion-proof Construction:Explosion-proof Construction:

3、4.1 一般规定：General Regulations：4。1.1 爆炸和火灾危险区域使用的电气、仪表设备的防爆形式及配线方式必须符合设计要求，并满足使用区域的防爆等级规定。The style of explosionproof and wiring for electric equipment andinstrument equipment，which used in explosion and fire dangerous areas,must accord with the design requirement and content with explosionproof class

4、 stipulation。4。1。2 安装在爆炸和火灾危险区域的仪表、电气设备和材料，必须具有符合现行国家或行业标准中规定的防爆质量技术鉴定文件和防爆产品出厂合格证书。设备、材料的外观应无损伤和裂纹.Concerning electric and instrumental equipment and material that isinstalled in explosion and fire dangerous area,their explosion-proofquality technique appraisal document and explosion proof manufact

5、urecertificate must be compliance with the new standard requirement ofcountry or vocation。There arent damage and crack in appearance ofdevice and material.4。1.3 在爆炸和火灾危险场所使用的防爆电气、仪表设备，应有铭牌和防爆标志,并在铭牌上标明国家授权的部门所发给的防爆合格证编号。For the explosionproof electric and instrumental equipment that isusedinexplosio

6、nandfiredangerousarea,thenameplateandexplosion-proof mark should appear on the equipment，the number ofexplosion-proofcertificateissuedbythedepartmentofnationalaccreditation should be provided on nameplate.4.1。4 在爆炸和火灾危险场所安装的正压通风的仪表盘（箱）、接线箱及电气、仪表设备、除本质安全型外，应有“电源未切断不得打开”的标志.The plus pressure ventilati

7、on instrument panel(box),junction box，electric equipment and instrument equipment installed in explosive andfire dangerous area,except the intrinsically safe type，it should has“Donot open when energized”notice.4。1.5 仪表电气线路采用的电缆沟、汇线槽、保护管和仪表连接管路在穿越不同防爆等级的爆炸和火灾区域的分隔间壁时,在分隔间壁外，必须做充填密封.For trench,cable t

8、ray,protection pipe used for instrument electriccircuit and instrument connection piping,if they cross the separated roomin different explosion-proof class explosion and fire area,filling andsealing should be done outside the separated room。4。2 设备安装Erecting Equipment:4.2.1 采用正压通风防爆的仪表盘（箱），接线箱，安装后应保证

9、箱内压力维持在不低于设计规定的压力值,当有低压力时，其联锁或报井装置动作应准确、可靠。For the explosionproof instrument panel（box），junction boxwith plus pressure ventilation,after they are installed,the pressure in boxshould be ensured no lower than the design pressure.the interlock andalarm unit should act correctly and reliably when the pr

10、essure is low。4。2。2 采用正压通风防爆的仪表盘（箱）、接线箱,其正压力通风管路必须保持畅通，且不宜安装切断阀。The explosionproof instrument panel(box）,junction box adoptingplus pressure airiness,its plus pressure airiness piping must remainaccessible and should not mount shutting off value。4.2。3 在爆炸和火灾危险场所安装的仪表箱、分线箱、接线盒及防爆仪表、电气设备引入电缆时,应采用防爆密封填料

11、进行密封；多根电缆穿一根管时,可用密封盒并用适当填充料密封.外壳上多余的孔应做防爆密封。For the instrument box，junction box,wiring box,explosion-proofinstrument and electric equipment which installed in explosion and firedangerousareas,theentranceofcableshouldbesealedwithexplosionproof seal filling。When one conduit contains multiple cable,the

12、entrancecanmountsealingboxwithproprietyfilling.Doexplosionproof sealing to spare holes in shell。4.2。4 防爆仪表箱、分线箱、接线箱的门(盖）应有弹性密封垫圈,或隔防密封面连接螺栓应均匀紧密,并应有弹簧垫.Covers should have spring sealing washer for explosion-proofinstrument box,junction box，and connection box.And connection boltsand nuts ofseparating

13、 and preventing faceshall be tight equably and havespring washer.4.2。5 防爆电气、仪表设备的安装应牢固，内部接线必须正确、牢固，并有防松和防拔脱装置.The explosionproof electric and instrument devices shall beinstalled firmly。Inside wiring must be correct and firm withlooseness-proof and sheddingproof unit。3 电气线路安装Erecting Electrical cabl

14、e line:4。3.1 穿越不同等级的爆炸和火灾危险区域分隔间壁的电缆沟的密封措施：Sealing way for trench that crosses separated walls belonging todifferent class of explosion and fire dangerous areas：a。电缆沟内充砂密封，可敷设一层电缆，充填一层砂，砂层厚约100mm。电缆全部敷设完后，充砂填满电缆沟。Method of filling fine sand into trench:filling one-layer sand about100mm depth after i

15、nstall one layer cable。The trench shall be full ofsand after all cable layout.b。在分界处两侧安装隔板,隔板之间充砂，长度不少于1m。The separated boards should be fixed at both sides of interface，zonebetween boards shall be filled with sand,and the length is no less than1m.c.在分界处用阻火密封填料充填。Sealing with fire-resistant filling

16、at the interfaces.4.3。2 汇线槽穿越不同级别的爆炸，火灾危险区域分界处时,可采取的密封措施：Taking airproof measures where cable tray passes through theinterface of different class explosion and fire dangerous areas:a。在分界处作气密砂封.Carry out seal with sand at the interface。b。在分界处用阻火密封填料充填，形成密封阻挡层。Seal with fire-resistant seal filling at

17、the interface and form sealingand resistant layer.4.3。3 敷设在爆炸和火灾危险区域内的电缆（线）保护管应选用厚壁镀锌管.选用的管件应按危险区域的级别采用合适的防爆结构形式。Choose thick-wall galvanized conduit as cable protective conduit laidin explosion and fire dangerous areas。Selected pipe pieces should adoptproper explosionproof structure and type accord

18、ing to requirements ofthe dangerous areas class。4.3.4 保护管与设备或管件之间的连接应采用圆柱管螺纹连接，螺纹有效啮合部分应在 6 螺距以上，与设备连接应用锁紧螺母锁紧.螺纹上应涂电力复合脂或导电性防锈脂。不得在螺纹上缠麻涂铅油、缠绝缘胶带或涂其它油漆。Adopt cylindrical gas thread to connect conduit and devices orpipepieces。Make sure that effective engagement is more than sixpitches and lock tight

19、ly equipments with locknut.The thread shall bepainted with electric poly-grease or conductive antirust grease.Not wringhemp ropes,not wring insulated tape and not paint lead oil or otherpainting。4.3。5 仪表电气线路，在防爆区内不应有中间接头，当必须有中间接头时,应在防爆接线箱内进行，且应连接牢固、紧密，接头良好并有防松和防拔脱装置.Instrumentelectricalcircuitshalln

20、othavemiddlejointinexplosionproof area。If it is obligatory，joint shall be in the explosionjunction box,keep connection hard and tight，have all right electricalconductivity with looseness-proof and sheddingproof unit.4。3。6 线路沿工艺管架敷设时，其位置应在爆炸和火灾危险性小的一侧When lay line along the process pipe stanchion，lay

21、out locationshould be at the side that possibility of explosion and fire is little.当工艺管线内爆炸和火灾危险介质的密度大于空气时，应在工艺管道的上方,反之，应在其下方.When density of explosion and fire dangerous medium in the processpipe is heavier than that of air，its layout location should be above theprocess pipe;on the contrary，its lay

22、out location shall be below。4。3.7 保护管与现场仪表设备连接时，应安装隔爆密封管件并做充填密封，密封管件与仪表设备之间的距离不应大于 0.45m。密封管件与仪表之间的连接可采用挠性连接管，并按防爆要求书进行装配.挠性连接管的材质应与使用环境条件相符适合。When connect protection pipe with instrument equipment at site,theexplosion-proof and airtight pipe connectors shall be installed，filled andsealed。Make sure

23、that the distance between airproof pipe connectors andinstrument equipment is no more than 0.45m。The flexible pipe can beused to connect airtight pieces and instrument and mount according toexplosionproof instruction book。At meantime，flexible material shallagree with application condition。4.4 本安系统施工

24、：Construction of Intrinsically Safe System：4.4。1 本质安全线路及其附件,应具有耐久性兰色标记。The intrinsically safe line and accessories shall be marked with bluewear mark.4.4。2 本质安全线路与非本质安全线路之间应加屏蔽，且保持一定的距离。Add shield net to separate the intrinsically safe circuit fromthe non-intrinsicallysafe circuit and keep some dist

25、ance between them。4。4。3 本质安全线路中的安全栅、隔离器等关联设备的安装位置，应在安全场所一侧，或置于另一与环境相适应的防爆设备外壳内.需接地的关联设备，应可靠接地。Safe bars，separators and other related equipments in theintrinsically safe line shall be erected at the side of safe location or intoexplosion-proof device shell that accords with conditions.Equipmentsneede

26、d earthing shall be reliably grounded.4.4.4 不同系列的本质安全型仪表及本质安全线路的关联设备，必须有国家授权的部门发给的产品生产许可证和防爆合格证，其型号规格的替代，必须经原设计单位以文件形式确认.For related devices of various series intrinsically safe instrumentsand lines,their manufactures license and explosionproof certificate，approved by national authority department，m

27、ust be provided.If want toreplace them，their specifications and types must be approved byprimary design unit in form of files.5。接地系统施工：Construction for Earthing System:5.1 一般规定:General Regulations：5.1。1 仪表接地系统一般分为保护接地、信号回路接地、屏蔽接地和本安系统接地四种。Instrument earthing system generally comprises of four types：

28、safeguard earthing，signal loop earthing，shield earthing andintrinsically safe earthing5.1.2 仪表系统的各种接地应各成系统，互相分开,各自接地母线，接地干线,分支线之间应彼此绝缘。All earthlings of instrument system should have its own system，every earthling system shall separate and connect to its own earthing bus。Bus and branch-line should b

29、e insulated each other.5。1.3 仪表接地系统的接地电阻值，应分别符合各自系统的厂商技术文件或设计文件的要求。Earthing resistance of instrument earthing system should be compliance withrequirements of manufactures technical files or design files for respectiveinstrument system.5。1。4 当有防干扰需求时,多芯电缆中的备用芯线应在一点接地.屏蔽电缆的备用芯线与电缆屏蔽层，应在同一侧接地。When it i

30、s needed to prevent disturbance,spare cores of multicorecable should be grounded at one point。Spare cores of shielded cable andits shield should be grounded at the same side.5.1。5 接地线的颜色应符合设计规定，并设置黄/绿标志。Color of earthing wire should conform to design regulations andset yellow-green sign。5.1。6 接地系统的连

31、线应使用铜芯绝缘电缆或电线，采用铜质螺栓紧固.仪表盘（箱）、柜内的接地汇流排，应使用铜材，并由绝缘支架固定。接地总干线与接地体之间应采用焊接。Connection line for earthing system should apply with copper-coreinsulated cable or wire and fasten on copper bolt and nut.Earthing busbar inside instrument panel(box）or cabinet shall be made of copper andbe fixed by insulated su

32、pport。Apply welding between earthing mainlineand earthing pole.5。1.7 自己制作接地汇流排时，连接螺栓与汇流排之间的连接宜采用在汇流排上攻丝的方式连接。When fabricate earthing busbar by ourselves,connect bolt with busbar by tapping thread。5.2 保护接地Safeguard Earthing:5.2.1 用电仪表的外壳，仪表盘、柜、箱、盒和电缆槽,保护管、支架底座等正常不带电的金属部分，由于绝缘破坏而有可能带危险电压者，均应做保护接地。供电电压

33、低于或等于 24V 的就地仪表、开关等,设计无特殊要求时,可不做保护接地。All not electriferous metallic parts in normal condition,such as shell ofusage-power instruments，instrument panel,cabinet，box,case and cable tray，conduit，support foundation etc.，should be performed safeguard earthing if theirinsulation layers have been damaged an

34、d may have dangerous voltage.When designdoes not require，safeguard earthing for local instrument，switch，etc。,whosesupply power is no more than 24V,can be ignored。5.2。2 在非爆炸危险场所的金属盘、板上安装的按钮、信号灯、继电器等小型低压电器的金属外壳，当与已接地的金属盘、板接触良好时，可不做保护接地。All low voltage electrical devices in small size,such as pushbutto

35、n,signallight,relay etc.,fixed on metal panel and board in nonexplosion area，if theirconnection with grounded metallic panel or board is in good condition,theirsafeguard earthing can be ignored。5。2。3 保护接地系统可接到电气工程低压电气设备的保护接地网上，连接应牢固可靠，不应串联接地。Safeguard earthing system can connect to safeguard earthin

36、g net forelectric engineering low voltage plants and ensure connection reliable andhard.However,forbid executing serial earthing。5。2.4 在建筑物上安装的汇线槽及电缆保护管，当设计文件无只能一点接地的规定时，可多点接地.For cable duct and protective pipe erected onto building，ifdesign files do not require only one-point earthing，multi-point e

37、arthingis available.5。3 信号回路接地：Signal Loop Earthing:5。3.1 信号回路的接地点应在显示仪表侧，当采用接地型热电偶和检测元件已接地的仪表时，不应再在显示仪表侧接地。Signal loop earthing should be performed at the side of displayinstrument.If using wellgrounded thermocouple or measuring elementsof instrument have been earthed，earthing at the side of displa

38、y isunnecessary.5.3.2 各仪表回路和系统只应有一个信号回路接地点除非使用隔离器将两个接地点之间的直、流信号回路隔离开.Every instrument signal loop and system should have only one-pointearthing in general,except that using separator to segregate DC signalloop between two earthing points。5.3.3 电磁流量计、涡轮流量计、分析仪表等仪表设备、应按仪表安装使用说明书等厂商技术文件的要求接地For instrum

39、ents such as solenoid flowmeter，turbine flowmeter andanalyzing elements,carry out earthing according to installation oroperation instruction and manufactures technique files。5。3。4 信号回路接地可与屏蔽接地共用一个单独的接在系统。Signal loop earthing and shield earthing can share a singleearthing system。4 屏蔽接地：Shield Earthin

40、g：5。4.1 屏蔽电缆（线)屏蔽层的接地应在显示仪表侧，同一线路的屏蔽层应具有可靠的电气连续性，且只能一点接地。Perform shield earthing for shielded cable at side of displayinstrument。For the same conduit，ensure shield has reliable electriccontinuity and earth at one-point.5。4.2 电缆屏蔽层在仪表盘和接线箱接线时,其屏蔽层应用绝缘保护套保护,不得与盘体或箱体接触。When performing connection inside

41、 of instrument panel orjunction box，shield should be protected with insulated sheath to preventit touch panel or box.5.4。3 屏蔽电缆电缆头制作时，若不需将屏蔽引出，应将屏蔽层与电缆护套切断,若需要将屏蔽引出，网状屏蔽应套绝缘管，绝缘管端包在电缆头内，纸状屏蔽应焊接引线。While making cable terminal，if it is unnecessary to fetch out theshield,cut off shield layer from cable

42、sheath.If necessary to fetch outshield,for net-shaped shield,housing insulated tube and wrapping its endinto cable terminal；for papyraceous shield，welding wire is required.5。4.4 屏蔽接地的引出线截面积应不小于1。5mm2。Wire cross-section area for shield earthing shall be no less than 1。5mm2。5。4。5 当多根屏蔽电缆固定在一起且均需要接地时，向

43、汇流排引线应均匀分布在汇流排所有的连接点上。When many shielded cables are banded together and all needearthing，connect them equally to joint position of busbar.5。5 本安系统接地：Earthing for Intrinsically Safe System:5.5.1 本质安全线路本身不接地,但仪表功能要求接地时，应按仪表安装使用说明书和设计要求接地。Intrinsically safe circuit itself does not ground.If instrumentf

44、unction requires it to ground,carry out earthing according to erection andoperation instruction and design requirements。5。5.2 本质安全型仪表系统的接地，宜采用独立的接地系统或接至信号接地系统上，其接地电阻值应符合厂商技术文件和设计的规定。As to system earthing for intrinsically safe instrument，wedbetter adopt single earthing system or to signal earthing s

45、ystem.And itsearthing resistance should conform to regulation of manufacturestechnical files and design。5。5。3 当本质安全线路与非本质安全线路共用一个接线箱时，应将其接地系统分开,分别接至各自的接地干线上.When intrinsically safe system and nonintrinsically safesystem share a junction box，their earthing system should be separated，and connect to re

46、spective earthing mainline。5。5.4 本质安全线路接地,应接到接地式安全栅的接地母线上.Earthing for intrinsically safe circuit should be connected toearthing bar of grounding isolated amplifier.6.执行的技术规范、标准、规程和主要质量指标。6.1 执行的技术规范、标准、规程.6.1.1 现行的工业自动化仪表工程施工及验收规范.6.1。2 现行的工业自动化仪表工程质量检验评定标准。6。1。3 现行的电气装置安装工程施工及验收规范。6。2 主要质量指标装置仪表防爆

47、与接地工程检验率100%，合格率 100。7.7.施工技术措施和质量保证措施施工技术措施和质量保证措施：7.1 施工人员必须详细熟悉设计文件和厂商随机文件,并接受工号工程师的技术交底,吃透设计意图和操作要领，严格按照设计文件和施工验收规范施工。7。2 按照设计文件的规定,对工程用料进行严格的验收,确保工程用料的规格、型号、质量标准等满足工程需要。7。3 实行限额领料制度,施工人员必须凭工号工程师签发的限额领料单方可到供应部门领料施工，保证工程用料正确无误。7.4 加强技术培训和研讨,对电缆密封接头等操作要求严的施工工艺,要集中研讨,示范操作，使施工人员均能熟练掌握操作步骤和操作要领。7。5 质

48、检人员要对工程中所有的防爆施工和接地工程实行全部检验，严格控制,发现问题及时要求有关人员进行整改，确保施工合格率100。7.6 在仪表调试过程中，调试人员需拆卸接线箱盖和仪接线盒的盖子时,应及时恢复原状,并保证各密封垫圈的完整和正确。当需要更换垫圈时，其规格和材质必须与原垫圈相同。7.7 防爆设备的防爆密封面应按厂商随机技术文件的要求，安装符合要求的垫片，涂抹导电性防锈脂。7.8 接地极、接地母线和接地干线埋设时，应以甲方工程管理部门及监理单位的认可,并及时作好隐蔽工程记录。8。安全施工措施：8.1 电动施工设备,如:套丝机、切割机、电焊机等应做可靠接地，防止事故状态下设备和人身受损害.8.2 防爆设备在搬运和安装进程中，要轻拿轻放，特别是需要开盖的设备,要仔细保护密封面不受损伤.8.3 螺纹连接的密封件，要保证内外螺纹同轴，螺纹旋转应缓慢均匀，不得损伤螺纹。