2019高中英语 Unit 10 Money Section Ⅳ Language Points(Ⅱ)学案 北师大版必修4.doc

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1、1SectionSection LanguageLanguage Points()Points()( ( LessonLesson 2 2 & & LessonLesson 3)3)语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1 1Dont be ashamed(惭愧的) to say you havent got much money when the item you want is expensive for you.2 2We like it if David is enthusiastic(热情的)about our plan.3 3It is not who

2、is right but what is right that is of importance(重要性)4 4The information you need is contained(包含)in this report.5 5Computer games mainly appeal(吸引)to young people.6 6I find it annoying when people smoke in public places.7 7Will you resign，sir?No comment!8 8Mum always tells me to behave myself when I

3、 go out.9 9I lost my balance and fell down from the bike.1010The world is changing so fast that some of us arepuzzled what to do next.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1 1ashamed adj.羞耻的，惭愧的shame n羞愧，羞耻shameful adj.可耻的2 2amusement n乐趣，娱乐活动amuse v娱乐3 3puzzle vt.使困惑puzzled adj.困惑的puzzling adj.令人困惑的4 4behave vi.举止，表

4、现behaviour n行为，表现5 5advance vi.取得进展，前进advanced adj.先进的，高级的寻规律、巧记忆n.fuladj.v.mentn.2harmful 有害的powerful 强有力的meaningful 有意义的arrangement 安排argument 争论development 发展.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1 1deal with 处理，应付2 2appeal to 吸引，呼吁3 3hand over 移交4 4play an important role in 在扮演重要角色5 5match.with. 把与配对6 6be confident ab

5、out 对有自信7 7be ashamed of 对感到羞愧8 8to be exact 确切地说9 9take off 减去，扣除1010start with 以开始.选词填空用上述短语的适当形式填空1 1He started with the aim of injuring others，only to end up ruining himself.2 2For lack of work experience，he is not able to deal with the situation.3 3Mary appealed to him for help，but he turned hi

6、s back on her.4 4He is，to be exact，sixteen years old，and he is not old enough to join the army.5 5When Mr.Smith gets old，he will hand over his business to his son.寻规律、巧记忆handadv.动词短语takeadv.动词短语3hand down 传给(后代)hand in 上交hand out 分发take down 取下；记下take in 吸收；欺骗take out 提取；带出.经典句式仿写背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1 1.

7、something that isis ofof veryvery goodgood valuevalue非常有价值的东西be of very good value 属于“be of名词”结构，相当于形容词用法。大家一致认为他的观点很有用。His opinion is considered to be of great use.2 2.IfIf soso，it is time for you to think again.若真这样想的话，现在到了你重新考虑的时候了。if so 是省略句式，意为“如果这样的话”，so 代替上文的内容。这个周末你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧！Will you be

8、 free this Sunday？If so，lets go camping！3 3.In fact，itit isis youyou whowho have the most important role to play in stopping Yellow River erosion.事实上，你才是阻止黄河水土流失最重要的人。“Its .that/who”构成强调句型。直到她摘下墨镜我才意识到她是个著名的电影明星。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film sta

9、r.核 心 要 点 探 究(教材 P10)somethingsomething thatthat isis ofof veryvery goodgood valuevalue非常有价值的东西【要点提炼】 of very good value 属于“of名词”结构，相当于 very valuable。(1)be of抽象名词，相当于该名词的形容词，该短语作表语或后置定语，常见的名4词有：value，use，importance，help，benefit 等。这类名词可用no，some，any，little，much，great 等词修饰。(2)有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，如：size，st

10、yle，price，age，shape，length，depth，color，height，quality 等，这类名词可用 a，an，the same，different，good 等修饰。表示不同的人或物的共同特征。The factory set up the year before is ofof greatgreat significancesignificance to this areas economy.The factory set up the year before is veryvery significantsignificant to this areas econo

11、my.前年建起的这个工厂对这个地区的经济有着重大的意义。This machine is ofof goodgood qualityquality，but its too expensive.这台机器质量好，但是太贵。The two pairs of shoes he bought yesterday are (of) the same colour.他昨天买的两双鞋颜色一样。This dictionary is very important to my translation，while that one is of no importance(important)这本词典对我的翻译来说很重要

12、，而那本则不重要。bargainbargain n n& & vivi. .讨价还价；便宜货(教材 P10)Which of the following do most British people bargainbargain for?下面哪一项是大多数英国人最易讨价还价的？(1)bargain with sb.about/over/for sth.就和某人讨价还价bargain for/on sth. (常用于否定句)预料到；料想到(2)make a bargain with sb. 和某人达成协议Its/Thats a (real) bargain. 这(真)是个便宜货。The coat

13、 is a a real/goodreal/good bargainbargain at such a low price.这外套价格这么低，实在便宜。Weve mademade a a bargainbargain that hell do the shopping and Ill cook.我们已经讲好了，他买东西我做饭。The salesman refused to bargain with us over the price.推销员拒绝与我们讨价还价。We hadnt bargained for such heavy rain，and got really wet.我们没料到会下这么大

14、的雨，结果浑身都湿透了。ashamedashamed adjadj. .羞耻的，惭愧的5(教材 P10)She is not ashamedashamed to say she has not got much money.她并不羞于说她钱不多。(1)be ashamed of(doing)sth. 对(做)某事感到惭愧be ashamed to do sth. 以做某事为耻；羞于做某事be ashamed that. 对感到惭愧(2)shame n. 羞愧或遗憾之事to ones shame 使某人感到惭愧的是Its a shame that. 令人惋惜的是(3)shameless adj.

15、 不知羞耻的He waswas ashamedashamed thatthat he couldnt give an answer.他因回答不出来而觉得羞耻。ItIt isis a a shameshame thatthat you cannot join us in this reunion.很可惜你无法参加我们此次的聚会。I am ashamed to tell(tell) anyone that I have failed that driving test again.我羞于告诉任何人我的驾照考试又没通过。He was ashamed of having failed in the f

16、inal examination.他因期末考试不及格而感到羞愧。明辨异同 ashamed/shamefulashamed/shamefulashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、尴尬等，意为“羞愧的，尴尬的” 。主语一般是人。shameful指事物或行为本身可耻的、不道德的，意为“可耻的，丢脸的” 。主语多为事物或行为。ashamed，shamefulIt was shameful to make the same mistake again and again.He felt ashamed of having done so little work.语境助记 You should be a

17、shamedashamed of your shamefulshameful behaviors，or you will be a shamelessshameless man.你应该为你可耻的行为感到羞愧，要不然你将是一个不知羞耻的人。annoyannoy vtvt. .使烦恼，打搅(教材 P10)If the person says“no” ，she is annoyedannoyed.如果那个人说“不” ，她会很恼火。(1)annoyed adj. 恼怒的；生气的；烦恼的6be annoyed with sb. 对某人生气be annoyed at/about/for sth. 因某事生

18、气be annoyed to do sth. 对做某事生气(2)annoying adj. 使恼怒的；使生气的；使烦恼的(3)annoyance n. 恼怒，烦恼I waswas annoyedannoyed toto findfind they had left without me.他们撇下我走了，使我很不痛快。We are very annoyed at/about/for his mistake，because we have emphasized this for several times.我们对他的错误感到非常生气，因为我们已经对此强调了许多遍了。I was annoyed wi

19、th him because he kept interrupting me.我对他烦透了，因为他不停地打断我的话。I couldnt see her face，but she sounded pretty annoyed(annoy)我看不见她的脸，但听起来她很烦恼。语境助记 I waswas annoyedannoyed atat those annoyingannoying things because my mind was full of annoyancesannoyances and those things were annoyingannoying me all the ti

20、me.我因那些令人烦恼的事而生气，因为我的脑子里都是烦恼之事，那些事情一直在困扰着我。commentcomment vivi.&.& vtvt. .评论(教材 P11)CommentComment on the object.对物品的评价。(1)comment on/upon 评论comment that. 说/称(2)comment n. 评价；评论no comment 无可奉告without comment 未作评论make a comment/comments on/about评论Everyone commentedcommented onon her new hat.大家都在评论她的新

21、帽子。NoNo commentcomment.I dont know anything.无可奉告。我什么都不知道。He handed me the document without comment7他未作任何评论就把文件交给了我。Its impolite to make comments(comment)on a persons appearance.对他人的外貌做评价是不礼貌的。appealappeal toto 向呼吁(请求)；投合的心意；引起的兴趣(教材 P12)Well，if buying a bag of candies or cookies doesnt appealappeal

22、toto you，how about buying a tree instead?那么你如果对买一包糖果或甜点不感兴趣，那(用这钱)买一棵树如何？(1)Error! 呼吁/恳求某人做某事appeal to sb. 吸引某人，使某人感兴趣(2)have an appeal for 对有吸引力、魅力make an appeal to sb.for sth.恳求某人做某事make an appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人(做)某事(3)appealing adj. 有吸引力的；有感染力的；令人感兴趣的He appealedappealed toto meme forfor hel

23、p.他向我求助。She appealed to us to go(go)with her.她恳求我们和她同行。The police made an appeal to the public to remain(remain)calm.警方呼吁公众保持镇静。语境助记 Martin Luther King appealedappealed toto the blacks to appealappeal toto the highest court against racial discrimination，which greatly appealedappealed toto the whole

24、world.马丁路德金呼吁黑人向最高法庭上诉反对种族歧视，这引起了全世界极大的关注。(教材 P12)TheThe soilsoil containscontains materialsmaterials toto keepkeep thethe naturalnatural balancebalance ofof thethe area.area.这些土壤中含有保持该地区大自然平衡的物质。(1 1)containcontain vtvt. .包含，含有；容纳(1)contain oneself 控制自己(2)container n. 容器，集装箱The room is too small to

25、 containcontain so many people.房间太小容纳不了那么多人。8He was so excited that he could hardly containcontain himself.他激动得不能自已。明辨异同 include/containinclude/containinclude侧重“范围” ，用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。在句中常构成分词短语sb./sth. included 或 including sb./sth.contain可用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分。更具体地说，contain 指一个较大事物中所容纳的部分，有封闭于一个整体的感觉。用 con

26、tain/include 的适当形式填空Put into the box as much as it will containEveryone was annoyed by his rude remarks，me includedOur textbook contains twelve units.Six people were killed，including a child.语境助记 Nicetasting fruits containingcontaining vitamin C sell well，includingincluding oranges，pineapples and so

27、 on.含有维生素 C 的好吃的水果销量很好，包括橘子、菠萝等。(2 2)balancebalance n n平衡；天平 vtvt. .权衡，对比；使平衡；抵消，跟相抵(1)keep/lose ones balance 保持/失去平衡keep a balance between.and. 保持之间的平衡keep.in balance 使处于平衡状态(2)balance.with. 使和保持平衡(3)balanced adj. 平衡的a balanced diet 均衡饮食John lostlost hishis balancebalance and fell off the ladder.约翰

28、失去了平衡，从梯子上掉了下来。She has learned to balance home with career.她已学会平衡家庭和事业之间的关系。Youd better keep a balanced(balance)diet for the benefit of your health.为了有益于身体健康你最好保持均衡饮食。图形助记 balance keep ones balance lose ones balance9(教材 P12)IfIf soso，itit isis timetime forfor youyou toto thinkthink again.again.若真这样想

29、的话，现在到了你重新考虑的时候了。【要点提炼】 句中 If so 为条件状语从句 If it is so 的省略，意为“如果是这样的话， ”so 代替前面的分句或句子的意思。(1)常见的 if.省略结构有：ifso：如果这样的话ifnot：可视为一个否定的条件状语从句的省略形式ifever：通常与 seldom 连用，表示“极少” 、 “难得”if代词：构成 if anyone，if any，if anything 等if形容词：if necessary (如果需要的话)，if possible(如果可能的话)if过去分词：if 与分词之间省略了主语和 be，即状语从句的省略(2)在表示时间、

30、让步、条件等状语从句中，若主、从句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，且谓语中含有 be 动词时，常省略从句的主语和 be 动词。I might see you tomorrow.IfIf notnot，itll be Saturday.我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就是周六。There are few people nowadays，if any，who remember him.当今记得他的人，如果有的话，也不多了。When visiting(visit) another country，you should be aware of those differences and respect

31、 them.当你参观另外一个国家的时候，你应该意识到这些差异并尊敬这些差异。Video games can be a poor influence if left (leave) in the wrong hands.如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。(教材 P12)InIn factfact，itit isis youyou whowho havehave thethe mostmost importantimportant rolerole toto playplay inin stoppingstopping YellowYellow RiverRiver eros

32、ion.erosion.事实上，你才是阻止黄河水土流失最重要的人。【要点提炼】 本句是由 it is(was).that(who)引起的强调句。强调句式可以强调除谓语动词和表语以外的其他所有的句子成分，用来加强语气。不同句式的强调句型：(1)一般疑问句的强调句型：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who.(2)特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问词is/was itthat/who.(3)not.until.的强调句型：It is/was not until.that.10ItIt waswas Li Ming thatthat (whowho) I met at the railway sta

33、tion yesterday.昨天我在火车站遇到的是李明。WasWas itit yesterdayyesterday thatthat you met your teacher in the street?你是昨天在大街上碰到你的老师的吗？When was it that they went abroad?他们什么时候出国的？It was not until we entered university that we began studying French.我们进入了大学才开始学法语。名师点津 “强调结构”五注意(1)强调句型中，被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、表语或状语，不强调谓语；(2)

34、that 只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略；强调的主语如果是人，that 和 who 都可用；(3)强调主语时，that 后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一致。(4)即使被强调的主语是复数，It 后的 be 动词也用单数；(5)判断是否是强调句型的方法：还原法，即把强调句型“It is(was).that(who).”去掉，若被强调部分归位后，能够形成一个完整的句子，即为强调句。puzzlepuzzle vtvt. .使困惑 n n谜；难题；令人费解的事(教材 P12)Still puzzledpuzzled how your 5 yuan can have so much effec

35、t?还是不理解你的五元钱怎么会有那么大的作用吗？(1)puzzle about/over. 苦苦思索Error! 使某人困惑的是be in a puzzle 处于困惑之中(2)puzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzled adj. 困惑的，迷惑不解的be puzzled by/about/over. 对感到迷惑不解What puzzledpuzzled me was that why she made no response to my email.令我感到困惑的是，她为什么没有回复我的邮件。He read the email his wife posted to him with a

36、 puzzled(puzzle)expression on his face.他读了妻子给他的电子邮件，表情疑惑。Im puzzled about this situation.我对这种情况感到迷惑。语境助记 11Although he had been puzzlingpuzzling about the puzzlingpuzzling problem for weeks，the puzzledpuzzled look on his face suggested he was still puzzledpuzzled overover it that is，he was still ini

37、n a a puzzlepuzzle.那个令人费解的问题尽管他已冥思苦想了好几个星期，但是他脸上困惑的表情表明他仍然对此感到迷惑不解也就是说，他仍然处于困惑之中。behavebehave vivi. .举止，表现 vtvt. .表现得体，有礼貌(教材 P13)At that time，women were expected to stay at home，take care of their husbands and children，and behavebehave like ladies.那时，人们希望妇女们待在家里，照顾她们的丈夫和孩子，并且行为举止要有女人样。(1)behave wel

38、l/badly(to/towards)表现好/差；对某人好/差behave oneself 规矩点，有礼貌(2)behaviour n. 举止；行为(3)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的badlybehaved adj. 表现差的He behavesbehaves wellwell in the school.他在学校里表现良好。Its amazing that they should have behaved badly to/towards their English teacher.真是令人吃惊，他们竟然对他们的英语老师这么不礼貌。The teacher will not to

39、lerate bad behaviours(behave)in class.那位老师不会容忍班上不规矩的行为。advanceadvance vivi. .前进；取得进展n n前进；进展(教材 P13)They were determined to take the opportunity to advanceadvance across the river.他们决定利用这个机会过河前进。(1)advance on/towards 向前进advance in 在方面有进展/进步(2)make great advances(in) 在方面取得很大进步in advance 提前；预先；事前in ad

40、vance of 在前；超过(3)advanced adj. 高级的，先进的Everything was fixed inin advanceadvance.12一切都是预先安排好的。She advanced greatly in her knowledge.她在学识上大有长进。All the more technically advanced(advance)countries put a high value on science.所有技术上较先进的国家都高度重视科学。随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空1 1But in fact sports and games can be of g

41、reat value，especially to people who work with their brains most of the day. 2 2The teachers explanation clarifies the puzzling(puzzle)problem.3 3She has an annoying(annoy)habit of biting her fingernails.4 4It was not until 12 oclock last night that my father came home.5 5To make sure that he was at

42、home，I called him up in advance.6 6The president is planning for a balanced(balance)budget.7 7He refused to comment(comment)until after the trial.8 8She made the last appeal to her father to forgive(forgive)her.9 9The poor boy was ashamed of his ragged cloths.1010I hope the children behave themselve

43、s(they).单句改错1 1These shoes are real bargain at such a low price.real 后加 a2 2My husband seemed a bit annoying that dinner was not on the table.annoyingannoyed3 3He always commented to laws and policies.toon4 4Italy is getting a lot of attention this year in China.Its art，culture and fashion appeal ma

44、ny students.appeal 后加 to5 5This book contain observations about the causes of addictions.containcontains语 法 专 项 突 破动词不定式自主领悟13先观察原句后自主感悟Would you like toto bebe a a millionairemillionaire？The soil contains materials toto keepkeep thethe naturalnatural balancebalance ofof thethe areaarea.On land with

45、 rich soil，local farmer can grow crops toto makemake a a livingliving.In some areas in ShanXi Province，this has destroyed almost all the land，and has forced many local farmers toto movemove toto otherother areas.areas.If so，it is time for you toto thinkthink againagain.动词不定式短语在句中的句法功能：句作宾语；句作定语；句作目的

46、状语；句作宾语补足语；句作主语。精要点拨动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to动词原形” ，其中 to 是动词不定式的符号。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式是在 to 前加 not。不定式具有动词的特征，与其后面的名词等构成不定式短语；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用，可以在句子中作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语。一、动词不定式的三种主要结构模式：1 1带 to 或不带 to：(to)do sth.Our teacher asks us toto bebe grateful to our parents.老师叫我们要感恩父母。I saw a stranger enter

47、enter our community.我看见一个陌生人进了我们社区。He told me notnot toto movemove until he finished the drawing.他告诉我等到他画完了画我再动。2 2疑问词不定式：how/when/what.to do sth.这一结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语等，常可转换成一个由该疑问词引导的从句。He told us whatwhat toto do.do.(He told us what we should do.)他告诉我们该做些什么。3 3动词不定式的复合结构动词不定式的复合结构为“for/of名词/代词(宾格)动词不定

48、式” ，常用于“It is/was形容词for/ofsb.不定式”这一句型中。当句中的形容词修饰动词不定式时，用介词 for；修饰 sb.时，用介词 of。It is important forfor him to attend every day.14他每天都要出席，这很重要。It is kind ofof you to help me with my English.你帮我学英语真是太好了。即时演练 1 句型转换I dont know when we will hold the meeting.I dont know when to hold the meeting.We made him work five hours