中考英语语法专题复习代词学案.docx

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1、中考英语语法专题复习一代词教案课堂导入BEFORE 6 BEERS团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团团一.基本概念I初中英语代词用法分类详解代词是用来代替名词或名词性短语或句子的词类。从本质上说，它属于名词性词类，即在不指出具体名词、名词短语或名词性句子的情况下，用以代替说明它的词类。称主系接定问示互身k人称第一人称 单数第一人称 复数第二人称 单数第二人称 复数第三人称单数第三人称 复数主格Iweyouyouheshe*Itthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem形容词性 物主代词myouryouryourhisheritst

2、heir名词性 物主代词mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs反身代词myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves三.用法详解1）人称代词.主格用来作主语，宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语。例：We all like learning English.我们都喜欢学英语。Please tell him to return my book to me tomorrow.请告诉他明天把我的书还给我.作表语一般用宾格，但在比拟正式的场合用主格。例：一Who is it?谁呀？ 一Its me.是我

3、。（非正式）一It is I.是我。（正式）.单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称一第三人称一第一人称例：You, he and I should help one another.我、你、他应该彼此帮助。She and I are of the same age,我和她同岁。1 .复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称一 第二人称一 第三人称例：We, you and they are all Chinese.我们、你们和他们都是中国人。Q注意：在成认错误，承当责任时，I放在其他人前面表示勇于成认错误，we放在 其他人后面。例：I and my brother made the m

4、istake.我和兄弟犯了 错误。They, you and we should leave there at once.我们、你们和他们应该立即离开那 里。典型例题1. Tom and Mike are good friends.often help each other.A. TheyB - ThemC. TheirD. Theirs2. Senda postcard from Australia when you are there.A. IB. meC. myD. mine3 Im talking to you, Jack. Please listen tocarefully.A. m

5、eB. mineC. youD. yours2）物主代词1 .形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，放在名词之前作定语。例：His parents are both teachers.他的父母都是老师。2 .名词性物主代词相当于名词，不能用于名词之前。名词性物主代词在句中作主语、宾语、 表语或与连用（属双重所有格的一种形式）。例：My ruler is red and yours is yellow.我的尺子是红色的,你的是黄色的。（作主语） My pen is broken, may I use yours?我的钢笔坏了，我可以用你的吗？（作宾语）物主代词记忆口诀:物主代词记忆口诀:物主代词分两种，

6、形容词性名词性。形容词性能力差, 句子当中作定语, 物主代词名词性, 句中充当主宾表, 两种代词形不同,自己不能来当家。 身后定把名词加。 相当名词可单用。 身后没有名词影。 添个S形变名。his, its不用变,my变mine要记清典型例题 What are you reading? The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.writer is Mark Twain.A. ItB.ItsC. HeD. HisDogs are my sisters favorite pets. These cute dogs are.A. mineB. theirsC. hisD. hers3

7、）反身代词,、反身代词用法口诀：反身代词表自身，句中可作三成分；动介后面用作宾，表示动作回自身；句中强调同位语，主语宾语后变跟；系动be后作表语，这个用法要牢记。I1.反身代词在句中可作同位语，起强调作用：例：The headmaster himself will go to see my parents.校长将亲自去见我的父母。The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要。1 .作宾语：有些动词需有反身代词：absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave例：Sh

8、e is old enough to look after herself.她长大 了，能自己照顾自己了。We enjoyed ourselves very much last night, 我们昨晚玩得很开心。Please help yourself to some fish. 请你随便吃点鱼。2 .作表语： I am not quite myself today.我今天感觉不好。典型例题一Who teaches painting?一Nobody, I teach.A. your; mine B. your; myC. you; myselfD. you; meWelcome to my n

9、ew house, Ann and John! Help to some fruit.A. myselfB. yourselfC. yourselvesD. ourselvesHow did your uncle learn to play the guitar?By .A. myselfB. yourselfC. herselfD. himself4）疑问代词how （方式），when （时间），where （地点）,why （原因）；how组成的疑问副词短语：how often（提问频率“多久一次）；how far （提问距离“多远”）； how soon （“多快，多久以后”）；how

10、long （提问长度或时间段“多长，多久”）； how much （提问价钱；提问不可数名词数量“多少”）；how many （提问可数名词 数量“多少，）典型例题1. 一 are you looking for? 一 The key to my bike.A. WhereB. WhoC. WhatD. When2. 一 did you go to the doctor, Tim? 一 Two weeks ago.A. HowB. WhereC. WhatD. When3. 一 will your father come back from New York? 一 In two days.A.

11、 How longB. How soonC. How oftenD. How many4. _do they go to the village school? Once a month.A. How oftenB. How longC. How farD. How many5）不定代词bodythingonebodythingone（1）常用的不定代词someany noeveryall, each, both, much, many, (a) little, (a) few;other(s), another, none, one, either, neither 等。注意：当someth

12、ing, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词被形容词修饰时，形容词放 在其后。例如：I have nothing important to tell you.1. Is there in todays newspaper?A. anything interesting B. nothing interesting C. something interesting D. everything interesting(2)几组易混淆的不定代词 (a) few, (a) little1.fewa fewlittlea little加可数名词加可数名词加不可数名词加不

13、可数名词否认（几乎没有）肯定（假设干）否认（几乎没有）肯定（一点点）The American student could speak only Chinese, but he managed to communicate with us.A. fewB. littleC. a fewD. a little2. Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. Im sure he can do the work with money and people.A. less; less B. fewer; more C. more; fewer D. le

14、ss; fewerother五胞胎某一个，其他的。不能单独使用，后面需跟单数名词或复数名词，泛指别的。例如：Where are his other books?otherothers其它。必须单独使用，泛指别人或别的东西，相当于other +名词。常用于“some others”结构。例如：Some are red,and others are black.the other两局部中的另一局部，剩下的一局部。常用于“one .the other.”或“two . the other”结构。例如：She has two sisters,one is a nurse ,the other is a

15、 teacher.the others其他全部，其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部，特指。相当于the other +名词。 例如：In our class only Tom is American, the others are Chinese.another另一个（指多个中的任何一个）可单独用，也可接单数名词，还可接名词复数，表 示另几个，再几个。例如： You can see another ship in the sea, cant you?another two apples【图示区分】00000 0 0 0 the others0000one the other1. 一You wa

16、nt sandwich?一Yes, I usually eat a lot when Fm hungry.A. otherB. anotherC. others2.1 have three friends. One is a doctor,are policemen.A. anotherB. the otherC. othersD. the otherD. the others3. With the help of the Internet, we can learn what people around the world are doing.A. anotherB. the otherC.

17、 otherD. the others(3) both, either, neither, all, any, none使用范围都都不之一both两者neithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany1.the boys are clever.两个男孩都很聪明。There are flowers on side of the road.马路两边都有树。2.of these two hats looks good on my daughter. Do you have another one?A. BothB. AllC. NeitherD. None3.of them knew ab

18、out the plan because they didnt go to the meeting.A. SomeB. AnyC. No oneD. None4. 一Which basketball player do you like best, Kobe, James or Jordan?-of them .Lin Shuhao is my favorite.A. AllB. NoneC. EitherD. Neither6)指示代词(1)指示代词 this, that, these, those 的用法this和these 一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those那么

19、指时间和空间 上较远的事物或人，例如：This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are busy these days.In those days the workers had a hard time.that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these那么是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如：I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come.What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English.that, those常用在比

20、拟句型中(asas同级比拟，than不同级别比拟)，例如：The weather in Shenzhen is not as cold as that in Beijing.The population of China is larger than that of South Korea.this在 用语中代表自己，that那么代表对方。例如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?1) Hello,is Tom speaking. Who，s?A. it; thisB. this; thatC. that; thisD. this; it2)

21、) it, one与that作代词时的区别易混词用法例句it指代上文提到的同一事物This book is mine. Ifs very interesting.one泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类一Who has a pen?而不同物I have one.that常用于比拟结构中，代替前面提到的名 词，以防止重复The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.1.Who has a dictionary, children?一I have.D. thatA. itB. thisC. one7）相互代词8

22、）连接代词：引导名词性从句 9）关系代词：引导定语从句课后作业1. Tom, Please pass the glasses. I want to read the newspapers.A. youB. meC. himD. herThe English novel is quite easy for you. There are new words in it.A. a littleB.littleC. a fewD.few-You want sandwich?-Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry.A. otherB.anotherC. othe

23、rsD.the otherThe doctorsandnursesare doingtheir bestto fight SARS.Theythinkmore of othersthanA. theyB. themC. themselvesD. theirs-Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk? -, thanks. Id like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None-Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring f

24、ood. -Never mind. You can have.A. usB. oursC. youD. yours-Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? -is OK. Im free today and tomorrow.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None-How are you going to improve this term? -Work harder than last term.A. ourselvesB. myselfC. himselfD. yourself-Could you tell me

25、 she is looking for?-Her cousin, Susan.A. thatB. whoseC. whoD. which-Is here?-No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave.A. everybodyB. somebodyC. anybodyD. nobodyPaul has friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.A. manyB. someC. fewD. moreIf you want to book a round-trip ticket, youll have

26、 to pay$ 30.A. moreB. otherC. the otherD. another-Do you live by yourself, Mr Wang?-Yes. I have two sons. But of them lives with me. They are now studying in America?A. neitherB. bothC. noneD. either一Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe?-No.of them can use a computer.A.

27、 NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. AllWho taught English last term? Was Mr. Smith?A. you; itB. you; heC. your; itD. your; that-That woman has a bag in her right hand. Whats in her hand?A. anotherB. otherC. oneD. the otherWe decided to go for a field trip with some friends of.A. usB. ourC. oursD. ourselves-Is there a bus to the zoo?-Im afraid there9sbus to the zoo.A. noB. anyC. someYou forgot your dictionary? You may have.A. meB. myC. mineThis is classroom. Where is?A. our; them B. us; theyC. our; theirsD.noneD. myselfD. ours; theirsscore: