句子的五种基本句型结构.pptx

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1、SVVtVilvOPSubject 主语Verb 谓语动词Transitive verb 及物动词Intransitive verb 不及物动词Linking verb 连系动词Object 宾语Predicative 表语第1页/共64页第2页/共64页Birdwatching1.A golden eagle is flying.第3页/共64页Birdwatching2.A crane eats fish.第4页/共64页Birdwatching3.A Swan has a long thin neck.第5页/共64页Birdwatching4.A swallow has a forke

2、d tail.第6页/共64页2.A crane eats fish.3.A Swan has a long thin neck.4.A swallow has a forked tail.1.A golden eagle is flying.Subject(主语)S 动作发出者Verb（谓语）V 动作本身Direct Object（宾语）DO 动作接受者1.S+V 主语+谓语 主谓结构2.S+V+O 主语+谓语+宾语 主谓宾结构Vi 不及物动词 后面没有宾语Vt 及物动词 后面必须有宾语第7页/共64页SV和SVO的注意点1.They are running.2.Jim can draw.3

3、.The baby pandas drink milk.4.We will read English.run draw vi.(不及物 动词）drink read vt.（及物动词）注意:1.谓语(V)具有各种不同时态;进行时；情态动词；现在时；以及将来时2.在句中先找主语 subject 再找谓语部分如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。其后有没有宾语是S+V和S+V+O判断标志 3.如果对宾语提问使用疑问词what.What do baby pandas drink?What will we read?1.S+V1.S+V+O第8页/共64页动词+to do:le

4、arn/prepare/would like/need/have/try/want/hope/plan/agree/choose/decide这就是我们常见的 动词+to do 句型动词+doing sth:mind/finish/practise这就是我们常见的 动词+doing 句型动词+宾语从句:think/believe/be sure/be afraid/say/know/find The government wants to protect the endangered birds.SVOI will finish doing homework soon.SVOI think t

5、hat you can do the job.SVO第9页/共64页第10页/共64页I like the golden eagle.It has a hooked beak.It looks strong.It is lovely.SSSSVVlinking verbs(系动词)DODOP（表语)PredicativeVbebecomegetlook smelltaste soundfeel 1.S+V(lv)+P 主语+谓语(系动词)+表语 主系表结构三类系动词表语三成分第11页/共64页1 The man is in the park.2 He looks kind.3 He is a

6、kind man.4 The singing of birds sounds beautiful.5 The world will become better.lvlvlvlvlvP（介词短语）P（adj）P(adj)P（n名词短语）P(adj形容词比较级)表语 P成分可以出现形容词，名词，介词短语(形名介)第12页/共64页常见的连系动词 1.表示感觉的动词5个-必须翻译为 起来feel感到 excited;smell good;taste delicious;sound interesting;look happy2.表示变化的动词6个：有固定的搭配get smaller;grow old

7、er;become stronger;turn yellow;go bad;come true3.表示状态保持的动词：stay healthy;keep warm;remain保持be(am,is.are,was,were)是 ；seem似乎必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊的含义时才是系动词。第13页/共64页易考的混淆点 一 The food tastes _(delicious).S +V(lv)+P I will taste the food _(good).S+V(Vt)+OHis father looked _(angry)S+V(lv)+PHis father looke

8、d _(angry)at him.S+V(Vi+介词)+Odeliciouswellangryangrily1 三类专门词，而且表达这种特殊含义才是系动词。有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性第14页/共64页易考的混淆点 一 1 He looks _ because his son is looking _ at the bird.A happy,happily B happily,happilyC happily,happy D happily,happy_,he can stay in Hongkong for two days.However,after he heard good ne

9、ws,he stayed very _.A Luckily;calm B Lucky;calmC Lucky;calmly D Luckily;calmlyA1 三类专门词，而表达特殊的含义才是系动词。有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性A第15页/共64页易考的混淆点 二1 The food tastes _A good B well 2 We should stay _ during the earthquake.A calm B calmly 3 The young boy becomes _A more and more surprised adjB more and more surp

10、risedly advC more and more surprise ngoodcalmA2 只有形容词名词介词短语才能去做系动词后面的表语，要根据含义上确定动词是不是系动词。第16页/共64页1.She often laughs.2.She is laughing now.3.She will laugh soon.4.She is singing happily.5.She is singing a song.6.She is a singer.She is happy.(S+V+O)(S+V)(S+V)(S+V)(S+V)区分进行时态和SVP中lv是Be动词的情况注意:1 现在进行时的

11、谓语与主系表结构有区别:关键要看be动词后接的是实义动词ing形式还是表语(形名介).(S+V+P)Happily adv修饰动词sing viA song 是名词做宾语 sing vta singer 名词表语 happy 形容词表语一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时谓语(V)具有各种不同时态第17页/共64页竞赛加分开始第18页/共64页Judge the following sentences(T or F):1.Millie is sleeping.S V 2.Ann is kind.S V 3.The idea sounds great.S V P4.Amy is reading Eng

12、lish.S V DOTFT Ann is kind.S V PT第19页/共64页Zhalong looks beautiful.We can see many birds.Some people are watching birds.They are birdwatchers.Birdwatching is interesting.SVSDOPSVVP1.2.3.4.5.DOSVSVP分析句型结构第20页/共64页1.Birds fly.2.He looks young.3.He saw a bird in the tree.4.It tastes nice.VPDOPeg:A swan

13、is swimming.判断划线部分属于什么成分V第21页/共64页OIODOOCObject 宾语Indirect object 间接宾语Direct object 直接宾语Object complement 宾语补足语S+V+DO+OC 主谓宾补结构和 S+V+IO+DO 主谓双宾结构第22页/共64页We call the man David.a zookeeperSVDOOC(宾补)Object ComplementSVDOOCSVDOOCI make him angry.He tells us to protect the birdsDavid S+V+DO+OC 主+谓+宾+宾补句

14、型 简称 主谓宾补第23页/共64页We call the man DavidDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词 S+V+DO+OC 主+谓+宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补the manis就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系David此处为 名词宾补可接 名词宾补的动词有call/make/name/find第24页/共64页I makehimangryDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词 主+谓+宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补Heis就是是否存在逻

15、辑上的主系表关系此处为 形容词宾补可接 形容词宾补的动词有keep/make/find第25页/共64页We ofen findhimin the zooDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词 主+谓+宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补Heis就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系此处为 介短宾补可接 介短宾补的动词有keep/leave/find第26页/共64页He tellsusto protect the birdsDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况就是我们常见的 动词+sb+to do

16、词组 主+谓+宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补此处为 动词不定式做宾补第27页/共64页He tells us to protect the birds.常见的可接不定式宾补的动词有：tell,ask,want,would like,wish,teach,invite V+O +OC(V sb to do sth)My deskmate often makes me laugh.常见的可接动词原形宾补的动词有：have,let,make,使让词 see,hear,find,feel,watch 感觉类动词V+O +OC(V sb do sth)He keeps me worrying.常见的可接d

17、oing宾补的动词有：Keep 和 see,hear,feel,watch,find感觉类动词V+O +OC(V sb doing sth)第28页/共64页 I often hear David _ when I stay at home,but yesterday I was very angry because I heard him _ in his room at midnight.A sing;sang B singing;singing C sing;singing D sing;sing2 You can keep _ every day to keep _.A exercis

18、e healthy B exercising healthyC exercising healthily D exercise healthyC感官类动词用动词原形和动词ing形式做宾补 含义不同B第29页/共64页S+V+O+OC （如果是形名介做宾补）判断标准是 能否在O 和 OC 之间加 Be 动词构成主系表结构 宾补和表语一样都是 形名介 S+V+O+OC （如果是动词结构做宾补）判断标准是能否找出 动词(V)+sb(O)+to do sth 结构动词(V)+sb(O)+do sth 结构动词(V)+sb(O)+doing sth 结构第30页/共64页1 I find you cle

19、ver.2 We will make our country stronger and stronger.3 They can keep the zoo clean.4 Parents wish their children to study hard.5 We often make the teachers help us.DODODODODOOC(adj)OC 形容词 比较级OC adjOC to do 不定式OC 动词原形常考的主谓宾补句型：第31页/共64页it was interesing to learn English.一个非常特殊的句型I found it interesing

20、 to learn English.SVDOOCDO形式宾语简称形宾真正宾语简称真宾这个句子在含义上等于:I found it was interesing to learn English.SVDO(用句子做宾语简称宾语从句)SV(lv)SP(形表)形式主语 简称形主真正主语 简称真主考点一：时态一致性第32页/共64页I found _ important to get ready for the coming examination.A its B its C it was D that CI found that it was important to get=I found(that

21、)it was important to get以上两句是 主谓宾从 SVO中 O宾语从句=I found it important to get上句是 主谓宾补 答案可以是 it it was its=it is 不对 考点一：时态一致性第33页/共64页He was very interesting.We found him very interesting.SVDO宾语宾格OC这个句子在含义上等于:We found he was very interesting.SVDO(用句子做宾语简称宾语从句)S 主语主格V(lv)P(形表)考点二：主格宾格第34页/共64页We thought _

22、 clever.A she B she is C her D her wasCWe thought(that)she was clever.上句是 主谓宾从 she 用主格We thought her clever.上句是 主谓宾补 her 用宾格答案可以是 she was 而非 her was 也可是 her 而非 she 考点一：时态一致性第35页/共64页 we shouldnt give any food.the birdsSVDO（直接宾语)Direct objectIO(间接宾语)Indirect ObjectHe tells me some rules.IOVSDOsb.Sth.

23、S+V+IO+DO 主+谓+间宾+直宾句型 简称 主谓双宾结构第36页/共64页Zhalong givesI passHe boughtbirds an ideal homehima bookhis son a present.IODOIODOIODOtotoforIO?有生命的名词(人或动物）sbDO?没有生命的名词（事物）sth双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语+双宾（直接宾语+间接宾语）第37页/共64页1 give me money2 pass me a ball 3 show me your watch4 se

24、ll me the book5 send him a letter6 teach her English7 tell me a story8 lend me your eraser1 buy me a present2 make me damplings3 cook her meals1 give money to me2 pass a ball to me3 show your watch to me4 sell the book to me5 send a letter to him6 teach English to her7 tell a story to me8 lend your

25、eraser to meto 型双宾语结构for 型双宾语结构1 buy a present for me2 make damplings for me3 cook meals for her第38页/共64页几个特殊句型Read a book for me 为我读一本书Read a book to me 读一本书给我听Bring a map for me 为我去带一幅地图Bring a map to me 带来一幅地图给我第39页/共64页S+V+IO+DO or S+V+DO+OC?They passed us some apples.The shopkeeper sold me a ru

26、ler.We name the panda Xiwang.The teacher often makes us laugh.S+V+IO+DOS+V+IO+DOS+V+DO+OCS+V+DO+OCpassedsoldnamemakes主谓双宾语结构判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for主谓宾补结构判断标准是能否在O和OC 之间加 Be 动词构成主系表结构或则找出Verb+sb to do 等动词宾补结构第40页/共64页SV+1.VS+P3.VSDO+2.VSDO+IO+4.VSDOOC+5.Linking verbsbsth逻辑上的主系表关系forto第41页/共64页1.S

27、+V.2.S +V +P.3.S +V +O.4.S +V +IO +DO.5.S +V +O+OC.主+谓主+谓+宾主+系+表主+谓+宾+宾补主+谓+双宾特别注意的要点：1谓语动词V成分，是包含时态和情态动词的2 及物动词和不及物动词的标志是后面可否接宾语3 S+V+P结构中的V是l-v 系动词有保持型，变化型和感觉型三种4 S+V+P结构中的表语有名词，形容词，介词短语5 双宾语结构中有两个宾语，标准是可否转换为to型和for型句型结构6 主谓宾补结构判断标准是在O和OC中间可否加be动词转换为主系表结构 OC 和 P相似 有形名介三种第42页/共64页1 People call Zhal

28、ong Birds Home.2 The government built the nature reserve.3 The sparrow is flying.4 The reserve gives wildlife an ideal home.5 The crane looks beautiful.6 The students are counting the birds.7 Sandy thought herself a good birdwatcher.8 I found the article on wildlife interesting.S+V+DO+OC S+V+DOS+V S

29、+V+IO+DO S+V+P S+V+DO S+V+DO+OC S+V+DO+OC P81 A第43页/共64页竞赛加分开始第44页/共64页3 Many boys are running.1 I feel excited.4 He gave Tom a present.5 I find it interesting.6 Music sounds beautiful.7 I am a student.8 She bought a pen for me.9 I saw her dance.2 They are watching TV.11S S+V V+P P22S S+V V+DODO33S

30、S+V V44S S+V+V+IO+DOIO+DO55S S+V V+P P66S S+V V+P P77S S+V V+P P88S S+V+V+IO+DOIO+DO99S S+V+V+DO+DO+OCOC10.I call him LiMing.1010S S+V+V+DO+DO+OCOC第45页/共64页He gave me a book.He calls me Tom.DOOC+IODO+5.We call the panda XiWang.3.I found it important.1.Lily brings me a present.2.People call Zhalong B

31、irds Home.4.Zhalong brings the wildlife an ideal home.6.She thought the swan beautiful.IODO+DOOC+IODO+DOOC+DO OC+Play a gameeg:DOOC+第46页/共64页5.Mary gave Sandy a book.S V P6.They call me Tom.S V IO DO FF Mary gave Sandy a book.S V IO DO They call me Tom.S V DO oc第47页/共64页 It was a fine day.Our class

32、went to Zhalongtogether.Zhalong was a nature reserve.We saw many birds fly in the sky.They looked beautiful.But the keeper told us some rules.He asked us to protect the wildlife and weshouldnt give any food to birds.I found the trip interesting.After birdwatchingA diary第48页/共64页A diary It was a fine

33、 day.Our class went to Zhalongtogether.Zhalong was a nature reserve.We saw many birds fly in the sky.They looked beautiful.But the keeper told us some rules.He asked us to protect the wildlife and weshouldnt give any food to birds.I found the trip interesting.SVPAfter birdwatchingSVDOSVPSVDOOCSPVSVI

34、ODOSVDOOCSVDOIOSVDOOC第49页/共64页第50页/共64页第51页/共64页1 Tom的父亲正在愤怒地朝他喊叫。是什么使得他如此生气呢？2 Tom 过去认为我当时不高兴。3 我发现他们是真正的爱鸟者。我经常看见他们喂他们的鸟。4 他是一个歌手而且他正在唱一首歌。5 我经常听见David在家里唱歌，但是昨天我听见他在半夜唱歌。6 你可以持续锻炼来保持健康。1 Toms father is shouting at him angrily.What makes him so angry？3 I find them real bird lovers.I find(that)they

35、 are real We often see them feed their pet birds.2 Tom thought(that)I was unhappy then.Tom thought me unhappy then.4 He is a singer and he is singing a song now.5 I often hear David sing at home,but yesterday I heard him singing midnight.6 You can keep exercising to keep healthy第52页/共64页第53页/共64页The

36、 birdwatcher thought himself very lucky.The nature reserve gives the birds a perfect place to live.The people were hapy.Birds fly.The boy saved a rare bird.S+V+DO+OCS+V+IO+DOS+V+PS+VS+V+DO 课本P81第54页/共64页6.She spoke very softly.7.He bought a T-shirt.8.Jay named his dog Bobby.9.She looks lovely.10.He

37、gave Mary a present.(S+V+IO+DO.)(S+V.)(S+V+DO.)(S+V+DO+OC.)(S+V+P.)I.Give the right sentence structures.II.Finish the exercise of Part A on Page81.第55页/共64页1.She laughed.2.He bought a T-shirt.3.We must keep the classroom lean.4.She looks lovely.5.He gave Mary a present.(S+V.)(S+V+DO.)(S+V+DO+OC.)(S+

38、V+P.)(S+V+IO+DO.)IV.Give the right sentence structures.第56页/共64页6.The teacher is marking the tests.7.They thought John the best actor.8.I find the article interesting.(S+V+DO.)(S+V+DO+OC.)(S+V+DO+OC.)第57页/共64页 (S+V+DO.)(S+V+DO+OC.)(S+V+P.)(S+V+DO+OC.)9.Many teenagers have an unhealthy diet.10.An unh

39、ealthy diet makes your body weak.11.They are unhappy.12.They find their homework difficult.第58页/共64页13.They are tired.14.Some of them cry.15.Teenagers have many hobbies.16.Many teenagers write me letters.(S+V+P.)(S+V.)(S+V+DO.)(S+V+IO+DO.)第59页/共64页常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补1 We name our city Yangzhou.2 The stu

40、dents make Daniel monitor.3 Everyone should make the classroom clean.4 Millie found the movie very interesting.5 I left the book at home.6 They finally found the pen under the book.第60页/共64页常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补1 My teacher let the boy stand an hour.2 I heard him sing a song last night.3 Who will you have go with us?4 I watch our team playing football.5 I heard him singing at 12 last night.6 My mother keeps me waiting an hour.7 We saw Kitty dancing at that moment.8 I would like/want you to do a bird count.9 Mr.Tang teaches me how to read a book.第61页/共64页第62页/共64页第63页/共64页感谢您的观看。第64页/共64页