阅读 读写总批评现在的孩子是什么在作祟？讲义--高考英语阅读二轮复习备考.docx

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1、阅读+读写 总批评现在的孩子，是什么在作祟？高考英语阅读二轮复习备考你的父母会经常拿你与这个年纪时候的他们做比较吗？会批评你比不上同龄的他们吗？你又该如何面对这种批评呢？一些老一辈的人会说现在的孩子如何如何不好。那么，现在的孩子真的不如以前吗？难词探意1. trait / tret/ n. 特点;特性2. authoritarianism / :rternsm/ n. 权威主义3. cognitive / kntv/ adj. 认知的;感知的4. category / ktg()r/ n. 类别5. speculate / spekjulet/ v. 推测6. impose / impuz/

2、v. 迫使;把强加于7. bias / bas/ n. 偏向;偏见8. mediocre / mi:dik(r) / adj. 平庸的9. vanity / vnti/ n. 自负;自大预读思考1. What drives the old to belittle the kids these days according to the text？2. Have you ever been belittled by the old， including your parents？ How will you react toward such behavior？3. Can you find an

3、y expressions with similar meaning to “look down upon” from the text？ Please list them as many as possible.What is it about kids these days that makes older generations so easily angry？ In some way or another， older generations have been disappointed at the youths decline since the earliest days of

4、civilization. Even Aristotle talked smack about how young folks thought they knew everything back in the 4th century BC.So why do people throw all the shade on the next generation？ A study out last month in Science Advances shows that negative opinions about kids arent always based on their actions;

5、 its more about how adults praise their past and current selves.In the study， researchers looked at a trio of traits in three groups of US adults： respect for elders or authoritarianism， intelligence， and enjoyment of reading. The team， led by John Protzko， a cognitive scientist at the University of

6、 California， Santa Barbara， asked the participants whether they thought kids in the modern age shared the same qualities. They found that adults who tested especially strong in one of the categories tended to see children today as weak in it. For example， if an adult got tagged or self identified as

7、 intelligent， they were more likely to see “kids these days” as less intelligent than they used to be. This， Protzko thinks， is because they remembered their younger selves to be smarter， whether true or not. Whats more， they only reserved their strong opinions for traits they related to.In another

8、stage of the study， the authors assigned random scores to participants to trick them into thinking how well-read they were. Many of the adults changed their opinions on kids reading ability as a result. Protzko speculates that there are two reasons for the shift： How memories can go wrong and the la

9、ck of objective knowledge of what childhood is really like. “People who are high in a trait are imposing their current high standing in that trait back in time， thinking Oh this must have been what all kids were like， ” he says. Over the years， the same memory bias keeps occurring， making it seem li

10、ke kids are somehow failing more and more. In fact， the older a participant was， the more heavily this bias came into play， Protzko says.While theres still a lot to learn about why adults might see younger generations as mediocre， this research can hint that an age-old phrase can boil down to one cl

11、assic human trait： vanity.From Popular Science阅读自测Please write a summary of the text. Your article should be about 60 words.文本探究探究视角1：语言学习. 文本填空1. What is it about kids these daysmakes older generations so easily angry？2. A study out last month in Science Advances shows that negative opinions about

12、kids arent always based_ their actions.3. The team，_（由领导） by John Protzko， asked the participants whether they thought kids in the modern age shared the same qualities.4. People who are high in a trait are imposing their current high standing in that trait back in time，_（认为）“Oh this must have been w

13、hat all kids were like.”5. Over the years， the same memory bias keeps occurring， _（使得） it seem like kids are somehow failing more and more. 话题表达1. 与“轻视”有关的话题表达be disappointed at the youths decline 对年轻人的不思进取感到失望talk smack 批评;贬低throw shade on 对公开批评/严厉批评negative opinions 负面观点share the same qualities 拥有

14、同样的品质see children today as weak in it 认为今天的孩子在这一方面是弱者get tagged or self identified as intelligent 被贴上聪明的标签或自作聪明see “kids these days” as less intelligent than they used to be 认为现在的孩子没有他们以前聪明remember their younger selves to be smarter 记忆中他们年轻时的自己更聪明only reserve their strong opinions for traits they re

15、lated to 仅保留与他们特质相关的强烈意见memory bias 记忆偏差/偏见see younger generations as mediocre 认为年青的一代平庸boil down to one classic human trait 归结为一个典型的人类特征2. 其他表达in some way or another 以某种方式或另一种方式be based on 以为依据tend to do 倾向于be likely to do 极有可能做trick sb into doing 诱骗某人做某事探究视角2：语篇分析一些年长者会拿他们自身在某一领域的优势表现与年轻人在该领域的表現做对

16、比，由此认为年轻人不如他们。有时，他们的这种偏见甚至是一厢情愿的。一项新的研究对此进行了调查并分析了其中的原因。研究表明：成人容易认为年轻时的他们比当下的年轻人更聪明。更有甚者，他们只对与他们相关的特征保留他们的强烈意见。而且，年龄越大，偏见就越严重，而造成这些偏见的根本原因则是人类的虚荣心。本文是一篇议论文。议论文的目的在于说服读者同意或支持其观点。本文的基本结构包括引论（Para. 1&2）、本论（Para. 3&4）和结论（Para. 5）。引论提出讨论的问题，本论摆出证据，结论重申在文章开头已提出的见解或主张。探究视角3：论证方法议论文的阅读需要关注其论证方法。议论文中常见的论证方法有

17、举例论证、道理论证、因果论证、比喻论证、对比论证以及归谬论证等。其中归谬论证首先假设对方的论点是正确的，然后对这一论点加以引申、推论，从而得出极其荒谬可笑的结论，以驳倒对方论点。归谬法主要用于驳论文章。这种论证方法常和泼辣、犀利的语言相配合，以达到辛辣、有力而富有幽默感的表达效果。探究视角4：思维拓展从陶行知的四粒糖看皮格马利翁效应一次，陶行知看见一个男孩用泥块砸自己班上的男生。陶行知赶紧上前制止了他，并请举泥块的孩子到办公室去一下。当男孩已低着头做好了接受一番“口水轰炸”教育的准备时，陶行知从口袋里摸出一粒糖递至男孩跟前。他说：“这颗糖奖励你很守时，老师请你来，你就来了，没有磨蹭！”陶行知又

18、从口袋里掏出一粒糖：“这颗糖是奖励你对我的尊重，老师叫你来你就来了，没有违拗，所以我要奖励你！”紧接着，陶行知又从兜里掏出第三粒糖，说：“这颗糖是奖励你有正义感，你是因为那个男孩欺负别的女孩子才对他举起泥块的”这次，男孩羞赧了，说：“老师，即使他欺负别人我也不该用泥块砸他，那多危险呀！”陶行知笑眯眯地又从兜里掏出第四颗糖：“你真是个知错就改的好孩子！”男孩蹦蹦跳跳地走了，快乐的手心攥着四颗甜蜜的糖。陶行知先生在“四粒糖”的故事中，给那位犯错的孩子四粒糖，这四粒糖其实是“守时的糖”“尊重的糖”“见义勇为的糖”“知错就改的糖”，这就是教育的艺术。这是陶行知先生巧妙应用皮格马利翁效应教育孩子，使其达

19、到自己预设目标的经典案例。皮格马利翁效应（Pygmalion Effect），又称罗森塔尔效应。美国心理学家罗森塔尔和雅克布森在智力测验中发现，通过教师对学生心理的潜移默化的影响，学生可以取得教师原来所期望的进步现象。孩子的成长需要美好的环境。望子成龙、望女成凤是家长对孩子们的普遍期望。在陪伴孩子成长的过程中，家长们应该多一分耐心、鼓励和引导，少一点指责、轻视和谩骂。写作实践假定你是李华，你想发一封电子邮件给Crazy English，反映你遇到的困难。在学习生活中，你经常受到父母的批评，这让你十分沮丧。请你根据以下要点写一篇100词左右的求助信。要点如下：1. 你的苦恼;2. 渴望帮助。De

20、ar Editor in chief of Crazy English，_Yours，Li Hua总批评现在的孩子，是什么在作祟？ 答案阅读自测Its common that older generations belittle and criticize the kids. Actually， their negative opinions about kids are based more on how adults praise their past and current selves than on kids actions. In a study， adults made diff

21、erent assessments of childrens performance based on their own traits. Perhaps， what drives the older generations to belittle the kids is their vanity.文本探究探究视角1：语言学习I. 1. that 2. on/upon 3. led 4. thinking5. making探究视角4：思维拓展写作实践Dear Editor in chief of Crazy English，Im writing to tell about my trouble

22、 with my parents. I am the only child of my parents， for which they have too high expectations for me. However， I often fail to live up to their expectations despite the fact that I have made every effort to acquire a better performance. Therefore， they tend to see me as mediocre and are disappointe

23、d at my performance. Sometimes I feel profoundly frustrated in their negative opinions about me but I dont know what to do with it. I hope you can make some suggestions for me. I would appreciate it so much if you can help me out of the trouble.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua学科网（北京）股份有限公司