古筝英文的介绍.pdf

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1、.The Zheng(The Zheng(筝筝)is a traditional Chinese musical instrument.It belongs to)is a traditional Chinese musical instrument.It belongs tothe zither family of string instruments.the zither family of string instruments.It spread very widely and already It spread very widely and alreadyhas been two t

2、housand years of history.So we also call themhas been two thousand years of history.So we also call them“GuzhengGuzheng”（古筝）。”（古筝）。筝是中国的传统乐器，它属于弦类乐器的一种，流传很广，至今已有2000 年的历史。所以我们也叫它古筝。The modern-day guzheng is a pluckedThe modern-day guzheng is a plucked（拨弦）（拨弦）with movable bridgeswith movable bridges（

3、筝（筝码）码）and 21 strings(and 21 strings(弦弦)。The guzhengs strings were formerly made ofThe guzhengs strings were formerly made oftwisted silk,though by the 20th century most players used metaltwisted silk,though by the 20th century most players used metal（金属）（金属）stringsstrings。Since the mid-20th century

4、 most performers use steelSince the mid-20th century most performers use steel（钢的）（钢的）strings flatwound with nylon.strings flatwound with nylon.现今的古筝是有由 21 根弦和可移动的筝码组成的拨弦乐器。早先的弦由丝线搓成的，20 世纪很多演奏者使用金属弦，到了 20 世纪中期更多的演奏者使用钢的尼龙弦。The Guzheng should not to be confused with the Guqin-anotherThe Guzheng shou

5、ld not to be confused with the Guqin-anotherancient Chinese zither but without bridges.ancient Chinese zither but without bridges.古筝要和古琴区分开，因为古琴是没有琴码的。The guzheng has existed since the Warring States PeriodThe guzheng has existed since the Warring States Period（战国时代）（战国时代）andandbecame especially pop

6、ular during the Qin dynastybecame especially popular during the Qin dynasty（秦朝）（秦朝）.The ancient.The ancient参考.资料.guzheng had 12 strings.Nowadays The 21-string zheng is the mostguzheng had 12 strings.Nowadays The 21-string zheng is the mostcommonly used,but some traditional musicians still use the 16

7、-string,commonly used,but some traditional musicians still use the 16-string,especially along the southeastern coastal(especially along the southeastern coastal(沿海沿海)provinces of China and)provinces of China andin Taiwan.in Taiwan.古筝的起源可以追溯到战国时代，在秦朝变得流行。古代的古筝只有 12 根弦，现在的 21 弦古筝广泛被使用。但是一些传统的流派依然使用 16

8、 弦的，特别是东南沿海省份还有台湾。There are many techniques used in the playing of the guzheng,There are many techniques used in the playing of the guzheng,including basic plucking actions(right or both hands)at the rightincluding basic plucking actions(right or both hands)at the rightportion and pressing actions a

9、t the left portion(by the left handportion and pressing actions at the left portion(by the left hand）asaswell as tremolo.These techniques of playing the guzheng can createwell as tremolo.These techniques of playing the guzheng can createsounds that can evoke the sense of a cascading waterfall,thunde

10、r andsounds that can evoke the sense of a cascading waterfall,thunder andeven the scenic countryside.even the scenic countryside.古筝演奏有很多技巧，包括右手或两只手在筝码右边的拨弦动作，左手在左侧按压琴弦使声音发生改变的技巧例如颤音。这些技巧能够制造出瀑布、雷电、自然世界的意境。Plucking is done mainly by the right hand with four picksPlucking is done mainly by the right h

11、and with four picks（假指甲），（假指甲），attached to the fingers.Advanced players may use picks attached toattached to the fingers.Advanced players may use picks attached tothe fingers of both hands.Ancient picks were made of ivory(the fingers of both hands.Ancient picks were made of ivory(象牙）象牙）andandlater a

12、lso from tortoise shell.later also from tortoise shell.（龟壳）。（龟壳）。参考.资料.通常右手的四个手指带四个指甲拨弦，有的演奏者两只手都会带指甲。古代的指甲由象牙制成，后来也用龟壳制作。The guzhengs pentatonic scaleThe guzhengs pentatonic scale（五声音阶）（五声音阶）is tuned to Do,Re,Mi,Sois tuned to Do,Re,Mi,Soand La,but Fa and Ti can also be produced by pressing the stri

13、ngs toand La,but Fa and Ti can also be produced by pressing the strings tothe left of the bridges.Well known pieces for the instrument include Yuthe left of the bridges.Well known pieces for the instrument include YuZhou Chang Wan(Singing at night on fishing boat),Gao Shan Liu ShuiZhou Chang Wan(Sin

14、ging at night on fishing boat),Gao Shan Liu Shui(High mountains flowing water)and Han Gong Qiu Yue(Han palace(High mountains flowing water)and Han Gong Qiu Yue(Han palaceautumn moon).autumn moon).古筝是五声音阶，12356,47 是由右手拨弦同时左手揉弦的基础上产生的。我们所熟悉的筝曲有渔舟唱晚、高山流水、汉宫秋月。Nowadays,many popular elments together with guzheng bring us aNowadays,many popular elments together with guzheng bring us afantasticfantasticFeeling.LetFeeling.Lets enjoy a piece of music together.s enjoy a piece of music together.参考.资料