8 下重点.ppt

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1、八年级下册重点语法和短语八年级下册重点语法和短语期末复习资料2011.6.15Unit 1 Will people have robots?v重点语法：一般将来时态的应用do/does的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will)dodo/does的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will)bedone一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Peoplewillhaverobotsinafewyears.否定句例句：People(willnot/wont)haverobotsinafewyears.一般疑问句例句：Willpeoplehaverobotsinafewyears

2、?特殊疑问句例句：Whatwillpeoplehaveinafewyears?v重点短语：wont=willnottheyll=theywillshell=shewillhell=hewillIll=Iwillvfallinlovewith(sb./sth.)爱上（某人/某物）beabletodosth.能够做某事cometrue实现inthefuture未来hundredsof数以百计的thousandsof数以千计的lookfor(sb./sth.)寻找（某人/某物）willwould情态动词will的原形和过去式maymight情态动词may的原形和过去式vReadingStrategy

3、(阅读方法)Lookatthetitleandpicture,andpredictwhatyouwillreadabout.(看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)Thishelpsyougetreadytoacquirenewinformation.(这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。)Unit 2 What should I do?v重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法）do/does的过去将来时态形式：(should/would)dodo/does的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would)bedone过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Yoush

4、ouldwritealettertohim.否定句例句：Youshouldntwritealettertohim.一般疑问句例句：ShouldIwritealettertohim?特殊疑问句例句：WhatshouldIdo?重点短语：keepsb.out不让某人进入vWhatswrong?=Whatsthematter?=Whatstheproblem?怎么了？outofstyle不时髦的；过时的callsb.up给某人打电话payforsth.为某事付款part-timejob兼职工作thesameas=besame(to/with)与同样instyle时髦的；流行的vgetonwellwi

5、thsb.=getalongwellwithsb.与某人相处（好）vdidnt=didnotcouldnt=couldnotas.aspossible尽可能(eg/assoonaspossible尽快)allkindsof各种；许多ontheonehand一方面vontheotherhand另一方面vasksb.forsth.=asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事asksb.nottodosth.请求某人不要做某事vspend(money)onsth.=spend(money)indoingsth.花钱做事vsth.costsb.(money)某人花钱为了某事takesb.sometim

6、etodosth.花某人时间做某事vfindout查明findsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事beangrywithsb.生某人的气beangryatsth.生某事的气vthesameageas=asoldas与某人年龄一样havefightwithsb.与某人打架learntodosth.学会做某事not.until.直到才comparesth.(A)withsth.(B)把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较itstimeforsth.=itstimetodosth.到该做某事的时间了maybeadv.或许maybe（情态动词+动词原形）可能是shallshould情态动词shall的原形和

7、过去式paypaidpaid动词pay的原形、过去式和过去分词vReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Youwilllearntousenewwordsbetterifyouusealearnersdictionary.(时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)Abilingualdictionarysometimesgivesthewrongmeaningforthesituationyouwant.(在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?v重点语法：过去

8、进行时态do/does的过去进行时态形式：(was/were)doingdo/does的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were)beingdone过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.否定句例句：IwasntwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.一般疑问句例句：WereyouwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded?特殊疑问句例句：WhatwereyoudoingwhenaUFOlanded?v动词when和while的选择：when后加

9、瞬间动词，while后加延续性动词。例句：TheboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.=Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.感叹句结构：(1)How+adj.+the+主语+谓语动词=(2)What+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语动词例句：Whatabeautifulfloweritis!=Howbeautifulthefloweris!Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!=Howbeautifultheflowersare!重点短语：getout出去；离开

10、takeoff起飞runaway逃跑；跑掉comein进来hearabout=hearof听说takeplace发生as.as像一样(eg/asoldashim像他一样老)anywhere=everywhere=hereandthere任何地方vthinkabout考虑thinkof认为getup=getoutofthebed起床atthedoctors在诊所everyday每一天everydayadj.日常的mostadj.大部分themost最多的inspace在太空中nationalhero民族英雄allovertheworld=intheworld全世界ReadingStrategy(

11、阅读方法)Thetitlecanbehelpfulforyoutounderstandatext.(一篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。)Itsalsoagoodideatoreadthefirstsentenceofeachparagraphbeforeyouread.(在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。)Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.重点语法：宾语从句结构：主语+谓语动词+宾语从句(主语+谓语动词+宾语/表语)例句：-ImgoodatEnglish.Hesays.(改为加宾语从句的复合句)-HesaysImgoodatEng

12、lish.注意：主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。例句：HesaysImgoodatEnglishnow.HesaysIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoung.主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。例句：HesaidIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoungyesterday.HesaidIwasgoodatEnglishnowyesterday.宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。例句：Ourteachersays24hoursmakeaday.Ourteachersaidthesungivesussomanyenerg

13、yyesterday.动词原形不能作主语，必须用其-ing形式。例句：Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.v重点短语：directspeech直接引语vreportedspeech=indirectspeech间接引语firstofall=atfirst首先passon传递besupposedtodosth.应该做某事begoodat=dowellin在某方面做得好ingoodhealth身体健康getover克服openup打开carefor=takecareof=lookafter照料；照顾notanymore=notanylonger=nolonger不

14、再haveacold感冒end-of-yearexam年终考试getnervous变得紧张forgettodosth.忘记做某事（该事未做）forgetdoingsth.忘记做某事（该事已做）vits+adj.+forsb.+todosth.做某事对某人来说（加形容词）vReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Firstreadformeaning,notfordetail.(首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的细节部分。)Youcanunderstandthemeaningofawordyoudontknowfromthecontext.(至于不懂的单词，你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义

15、。)Unit 5 If you go to the party,youll have a great time!v重点语法：if引导的条件状语从句结构：主句+if+条件状语从句if+条件状语从句+(comma)+主句v注意：在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。例句：Youllhaveagreattimeifyougototheparty.=Ifyougototheparty,youllhaveagreattime.重点短语：takeaway拿走aroundtheworld=allovertheworld在世界各地makealiving谋生allthetime=

16、always一直Whatstheproblem?=Whatsthematter?=Whatswrong?怎么了？vinordertodosth.为了做某事makesb.dosth.使得某人做某事（to省略，该结构是一个不带to的不定式。）makesb.adj.使得某人（加形容词）makesb.done使得某人被做befamousfor为而出名befamousas作为而出名inclass在课堂上vspend.(time/money)onsth.=spend.(time/money)indoingsth.花（时间/钱）用于做某事seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）seesb.do

17、ingsth.看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）saysaidsaid动词say的原形、过去式和过去分词telltoldtold动词tell的原形、过去式和过去分词eatateeaten动词eat的原形、过去式和过去分词speakspokespoken动词speak的原形、过去式和过去分词Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shellsv重点语法：现在完成进行时态do/does的现在完成进行时态形式：have/hasbeendoingdo/does的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/hasbeenbeingdone现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：某事从

18、过去发生一直持续到现在都在做过去发生的动作对现在造成影响例：我已上了三年初中。IhavebeeninJuniorSchoolfor3years.自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。Ihavebeenmakingprogresssincehetalkedwithmethattime.v现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Ihavebeenskatingforfivehours.否定句例句：Ihaventbeenskatingforfivehours.一般疑问句例句：Haveyoubeenskatingforfivehours?特殊疑问句例句：Howlonghaveyou

19、beenskating?注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？Howlonghaveyoubeenkeepingthisbook?v重点短语：runoutof用完；用尽bytheway顺便说说beinterestedindoingsth.对某事感兴趣morethan比多faraway在远处wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.=feellikedoingsth.想要做某事sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.把某物赠送给某人infact实际上room房间（用于可数名词）；空间（用于不可数名词）commonmorecommonthem

20、ostcommon形容词common的原级、比较级和最高级ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Letyoureyesscanthetextquicklytofinddetailsthatyourelookingfor.(在阅读文章之前，用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章，快速寻找你需要的文章要点。)Youcanfindinformationquicklywithoutreadingthewholetext.(这样你就不用细读整篇文章，就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。)Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the musicv重点语法：mindonesdoingsth.介意

21、（某人）做某事重点短语：notatall一点也不turndown调节使音量变小rightaway=inaminute=atonce立刻；马上waitinline排队等候cutinline插队等候hasnt=hasnotkeep.down压低声音；使缓和atfirst=firstofall首先takecare当心；小心takecareof=careabout=lookafter关心；照顾breaktherule违规obeytherule遵守规定putout熄灭picksth.up捡起某物vwaitforsb.等候某人dependon依赖；依靠getback=return要回meanmeantme

22、ant动词mean的原形、过去式和过去分词ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Asweread,weneedtofindtopicsentences.(在我们阅读的时候，我们需要寻找“主题语句”，也就是和文章中心最相关的语句。)Thesesentencesusuallygivesusasummary,oroverallmeaningofeachparagraphandhelpusunderstandwhattheparagraphisabout.(这些语句通常会给我们一些文章的“概要”，或者每个文段的全部意思，来帮助我们理解段落大意。)Afterthetopicsentencecomes

23、moredetailandexplanation.(当“主题语句”出现后，该段的一些解释和细节也就会随之出现。)Unit 8 Why dont you get her a scarf?v重点语法：询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事whydontyoudosth.=whynotdosth.例句：Whydontyougetheracamera?=Whynotgetheracamera?whatabout=howabout例句：Howaboutsometennisballs?=Whataboutsometennisballs?重点短语：fallasleep入睡giveaway赠送；分发hearof=he

24、arabout听说takeaninterestin=beinterestedin对感兴趣makefriendswith与交友makeprogress取得进步vkeepkeptkept动词keep的原形、过去式和过去分词feedfedfed动词feed的原形、过去式和过去分词fallfellfallen动词fall的原形、过去式和过去分词hearheardheard动词hear的原形、过去式和过去分词ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Tounderstandtheimportantideasfromthetext,wemustsummarize.(为了了解文段最主要的意图，我们必须要进行

25、总结。)Dothisbyansweringwho,what,where,whyquestionsasyouread.(在阅读时，常注意回答时间、地点、人物这些基本要素问题，达到总结的目的。)Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement?v重点语法：现在完成时态do/does的现在完成时态形式：(have/has)donedo/does的现在完成时态的被动语态：(have/has)beendone现在完成时态主要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。例句：我去年去过美国，那是我第一次出国。IhaveeverbeentoAmerica.Itsthefirsttime

26、formetogoabroad.v重点短语：haveagreattime=haveagoodtime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高兴onboard在船上endupdoingsth.结束做某事allyearround=allovertheyear终年understandunderstoodunderstood动词understand的原形、过去式和过去分词ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Afterreading,writedownthreeormorethingsyouhavelearned.(在阅读整篇文章之后，把你学到的三样或更多事物写下来。)Wealwaysre

27、memberthingsbetterifwetaketimetoreflect.(如果我们花时间去思考一些问题的话，那么我们就能更容易地记住一些事情。)Unit 10 Its a nice day,isnt it?v重点语法：反意疑问句反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否定问句构成，或者由否定陈述句加肯定问句构成。例句：Hesastudent,isnthe?Shesnothismother,isshe?回答反意疑问句时，要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的，则必须用yes回答。若事实是否定的，则必须用no回答。例句：你还没有准备好，对吧？Yourenotready,areyou?是的，我没有准备好。No,Imnot.不，我准备好了。Yes,Iam.v重点短语：lookthrough浏览comealong出现；发生getalong相处atleast至少atmost至多athank-younote感谢信forgetforgotforgotten动词forget的原形、过去式和过去分词littlelessleast形容词little的原级、比较级和最高级many/muchmoremost形容词many/much的原级、比较级和最高级