第24章布鲁菌属.ppt

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1、Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical UniversityMedical MicrobiologyDepartment of Microbiology,HMUDepartment of Microbiology,HMU第二篇 致病性细菌第24章布鲁菌属Brucella 微生物学教研室 钟照华教授 商庆龙讲师 Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University教学大纲n n掌握内容uu掌握主要生物学性状（抗原构造与分型）掌握主要生物学性状（抗原构造与分型）n n熟悉内容uu熟悉布鲁菌的免疫性及微生

2、物学检查法熟悉布鲁菌的免疫性及微生物学检查法 n n了解内容uu了解布鲁菌的防治原则了解布鲁菌的防治原则 Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University问题n n布鲁菌抗原构造与分型？n n布鲁菌是如何致病的？n n布鲁菌引起的免疫反应如何？Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University布鲁菌属 Brucellan n引起人类、家畜和其它动物布鲁菌病n n分6个生物种uu羊布鲁菌羊布鲁菌 B.melitensisB.melitensisuu牛布鲁菌牛布鲁菌 B.abortusB.

3、abortusuu猪布鲁菌猪布鲁菌 B.suisB.suisuu鼠布鲁菌鼠布鲁菌 B.meotomaeB.meotomaeuu绵羊布鲁菌绵羊布鲁菌 B.ovisB.ovisuu犬布鲁菌犬布鲁菌 B.canisB.canisDepartment of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University生物学性状n n革兰阴性小杆菌革兰阴性小杆菌n n无鞭毛，无鞭毛，不形成芽不形成芽胞胞，光滑型菌株有，光滑型菌株有微荚膜微荚膜Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University n n专性需氧n n生长缓慢n n分解葡萄

4、糖，产生少量酸n n过氧化氢酶阳性，氧化酶阳性n n产生H2SB.melitensisB.melitensisDepartment of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University流行环节n n易感者uu人和动物人和动物n n传染源uu牛、羊、猪是本菌的主要自然宿主牛、羊、猪是本菌的主要自然宿主n n传播途径uu直接接触直接接触uu间接接触间接接触Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University流行环节Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University

5、分泌物、乳品分泌物、乳品消化道、呼吸道粘消化道、呼吸道粘膜、皮肤及眼结膜膜、皮肤及眼结膜人人菌血症菌血症16W潜伏期潜伏期（70）发热、出汗、发热、出汗、关节痛和全关节痛和全身乏力身乏力内毒素内毒素进入肝、脾、骨髓进入肝、脾、骨髓（发热消退）（发热消退）繁殖入血繁殖入血菌血症菌血症（体温再次上升）（体温再次上升）波浪热波浪热Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University致病性n n致病物质uu内毒素、透明质酸酶、荚膜内毒素、透明质酸酶、荚膜Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical Univers

6、ity所致疾病n n母畜流产uu赤藓醇胎盘、绒毛膜含量高赤藓醇胎盘、绒毛膜含量高Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical Universityuu波浪热波浪热 Undulant feverUndulant fever体温逐日上升，达到高热程度后，持续若干时日，再逐渐降至正常，经过数日后又重发作，如此互相交替 Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University微生物学检查法n n分离培养与鉴定n n血清学试验uu凝集试验凝集试验uu补体结合试验补体结合试验uu抗球蛋白试验抗球蛋白试验FFIgAIgA不

7、完全抗体干扰试验不完全抗体干扰试验n n皮肤试验uu布鲁菌素（布鲁菌素（brucellinbrucellin）试验试验Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical University防治原则n n严格管理病畜，消灭动物感染n n预防接种uu家蓄家蓄uu易感人群易感人群FF牧区、屠宰场工作人员牧区、屠宰场工作人员n n急性期抗生素治疗uu四环素、青霉素四环素、青霉素Brucella species S u m m a r yS u m m a r yDepartment of Microbiology,Harbin Medical UniversityBi

8、ologyn nSmall gram-negative rods without capsulen nObligatory aerobicn nGrows slowly in enriched culture media with 10%CO2n nH2S+Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical UniversityPathogens Human pathogen Animal reservoirs1.1.Brucella melitensis goat,sheep2.2.Brucella abortus cattle3.3.Brucella sui

9、s pigDepartment of Microbiology,Harbin Medical UniversityTransmissionn nEnter human body by uuIngestion of Ingestion of contaminated milk productscontaminated milk productsuuThrough the Through the skin directly contactskin directly contact in an in an occupational setting such as occupational setti

10、ng such as abattoirabattoir Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical UniversityPathogenesisn nBrucella localized in the reticuloendothelial system(lymph nodes,liver,spleen,and bone marrow)n nCause granulomatosis,abscess,and caseationn nNo exotoxin is produced,so endotoxin is the major virulent fact

11、or Department of Microbiology,Harbin Medical UniversityDisease:Brucellosisn nAnimaluuAbortionAbortionn nHumanuuWeakness and fatigueWeakness and fatigueuuEnlarged lymph nodes,liver,and spleenEnlarged lymph nodes,liver,and spleenuuUndulant feverUndulant fever(rising-and-falling fever)(rising-and-falli

12、ng fever)FFOccurs in a few patientsOccurs in a few patientsDepartment of Microbiology,Harbin Medical UniversityDiagnosisn nIsolationuuSample:blood,bone marrowSample:blood,bone marrown nSerological examinationuuAgglutination testAgglutination testuuComplement fixation testComplement fixation testuuCo

13、ombs test Coombs test n nSkin testDepartment of Microbiology,Harbin Medical UniversityPrevention&Therapyn nPasteurization of milkn nImmunizationuuAnimalsAnimalsuuOccupational high-risk personsOccupational high-risk personsn nSlaughtering of infected animalsn nTreatment with tetracycline and penicillin