中餐 chinese cooking.ppt

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1、Long historyLong historytwo dominant philosophies Chinese cooking“Yin&YangFuxi伏羲(2,9532,852B.C.)InventedBaGua.FuXiswifeNuHuowasfamousforthelegendarystoryofmendingthesky.FuXiwasalsoknownforteachingChinesemusic,painting,fishingwithnets,thedomesticationofanimals,andthefeedingofsilkwormsforsilk.Taoists:

2、lConcerned with the life-giving attributes of various foods.lThe medical value of food.lA wish for long life.ThephilosophyofyinandyangliesattheheartofChineseculture.ChingYinandYangHotandcoldMaleandfemaleYinandYanginChineseCookingThis is the traditional symbol for the forces of yin and yang.Described

3、 as two fish swimming head to tail.the Taijitu(literally diagram of the supreme ultimate)diagram.TheYin/Yang symbol represents one of the most fundamental and profound theories of ancient Taoist philosophy.At its heart are the two poles of existence,which are opposite but complementary.The light,whi

4、te Yang moving up blends into the dark,black Yin moving down.Yin and Yang are dependent opposing forces that flow in a natural cycle,always seeking balance.TheconceptoftheTaoistprinciplesofyinandyangisbasedontheideaofcreatingharmonyatthetableandinthebody.CookingtechniquesYin methods:Steaming,poachin

5、g and boiling.Yang methods:deep-fat frying,stir-frying,pan frying and roasting.Typical Yin ingredients have a cooling nature while Yang ingredients have a warming nature.productofthetraditionalChinesephilosophyTaoism:Emphasizinghumanlifeinharmonywithnature.Emphasizingthebalanceofyin yang.Believingth

6、atlifeisacycle.Confucianism:Emphasizingaworldwithwell-definedhierarchyofclassesororders.Emphasizingobservanceofculturalritualsandtime-honoredtraditions.Emphasizingprimarysourceofhappinessoflifeinfood.“Eatingistheutmostimportantpartoflife”Confucius:Confucius:The art of cooking.The art of cooking.Tast

7、e,Texture and Appearance.Taste,Texture and Appearance.孔府菜是中国最典型、级别最高的官府菜孔子招收弟子的条件只要拿十条肉干献礼，就可以作为孔子的弟子了。听韶乐而“三月不知肉味”，虽然证明孔子在音乐方面的爱好胜过美食，但也暗示了平时他对肉类的喜爱。“食不厌精，脍不厌细”孔子还十分讲究饮食艺术,“食不语，寝不言”,“不撒姜食，不多食。”鱼+羊鲜鲜To give life beauty,the painter uses a whole range of colours,musicians of sounds,the cook of tastes-

8、and it is indeed remarkable that there are seven colours,seven musical notes and seven tastes.“How can a nation be great if its bread tastes like Kleenex?”“Cookery is not chemistry.It is an art.It requires instinct and taste rather than exact measurements.”ChinesecuisinesThemainelements:Color,Textur

9、e,Flavor&AromaAroma:spring,onions,garlic,gingerandwineFlavor:sweet,sour,salty,bitterandspicy.Textures:tenderness,crunchiness,crispiness,smoothness&softness.Sweetinsouth,saltyinnorth,spicyineastandacidinwest.“南甜、北咸、东辣、西酸”Menu1.Meat-pork,beefsteak,oxtail2.Poultry-duckpate,egg,chicken3.Fish/seafood-sal

10、mon,Kingprawn,shrimp,trout4.Vegetables/nuts-herb,asparagus,cucumber,mushroom,greenbeans,tomato,potatoes,carrotsandonions,almonds5.Fruit-lemon,strawberries,tropicalfruits,bananas,pineapple,kiwifruit,mango6.Waysofcooking-smoked,salad,grilled,roast,baked,stewed,fried,sautedDaikonTaroLilybudSweetpotatoc

11、uttlefish.乌贼乌贼,墨鱼墨鱼trout石斑石斑,鳟鱼鳟鱼Translationapproach1.是中国菜中以主料开头的菜名归为一类.比如“白灵菇扣鸭掌”就直接采用蘑菇和鸭脚，中间以连词连接2.一些中国菜名以烹制方法开头，而这些烹制方法在国外并不存在，比如炖、熘、烩、水煮等。这些菜名则主要采用烹制方法的相应动词，再加上菜肴采用的主料来表示。比如“地瓜烧肉地瓜烧肉”便用“被烂熟的地瓜和肉丁”(StewedDicedPorkandSweetPotatoes)来表示3.以口感开头的菜名，这一类的菜则以介绍菜肴形状或口感以及主配料为原则，并进行合理想象。比如“脆皮鸡”翻译为“脆皮脆皮鸡鸡”(

12、CrispyChicken)。4.以人名或地名命名的菜肴，这类直接以菜肴的创始人或发源地的拼音加主料来表示。比如麻婆豆腐麻婆豆腐便直接以“麻婆”和“豆腐”的汉语拼音组合成英文菜名MapoTofu5.，具有中国特色的且被外国人接受的，但使用的是地方语言拼写或音译拼写的菜名，也保留其拼写方式。这样的菜名有“佛跳墙佛跳墙”、“锅贴锅贴”、“窝头窝头”、“蒸饺蒸饺”、“油条油条”、“汤圆汤圆”、“粽子粽子”等。2753道中国菜有了英文名,中文菜单英文译法节选1夫妻肺片PorkLungsinChiliSauce2红烧狮子头StewedPorkBallinBrownSauce3回锅肉片SautedSlic

13、edPorkwithPepperandChili4酱猪手BraisedPigFeetinBrownSauce5京酱肉丝SautedShreddedPorkinSweetBeanSauce6木须肉SautedSlicedPork，EggsandBlackFungus7糖醋排骨SweetandSourSpareRibs8四喜丸子Four-JoyMeatballs(MeatBallsBraisedwithBrownSauce)9当红炸子鸡Deep-FriedChicken10宫保鸡丁KungPaoChicken11口水鸡SteamedChickenwithChiliSauce12叫化鸡BeggarsChicken(BakedChicken)13清蒸童子鸡SteamedSpringChicken14酸菜鱼BoiledFishwithPickledCabbageandChili15担担面Noodles,SichuanStyle16上汤云吞WontonSoup鱼香肉丝shreddedporkwithgarlicsauce走油扣肉steamedfriedpork龙井虾仁shrimpwithLongjintealeaves宋嫂鱼羹sistersongsfishsoup馒头steamedbun包子stuffedbun月饼mooncake