idiom起源.ppt

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1、The OriginsThe Origins of of English Idioms English Idioms1.Religion(“Bible”)2.History Events3.Literature Works(Ancient Myths,Fables and Novels)4.Daily Life and Social Customs In the West,religion is a important part of the social life,penetrated into all aspects of social life,customs,culture and a

2、rt,which formed one of the main cultural characteristics of Western society.Old AdamOld Adam本性的罪恶本性的罪恶。例如例如：Ones real enemy is the old Adam.人的真正敌人的真正敌人是本性之恶。人是本性之恶。Not Know somebody from Adam 完全不完全不认识某人。认识某人。例如例如:Amy is my friend,but i dont know her husband from Adam1.“Hole and corner”(New Testament

3、s of the Bible).2.“Before the Flood”(Old Testaments of the Bible.)3.年首版的年首版的钦定圣经译本钦定圣经译本：(1).the still small voice(良心的声音良心的声音)(2).of the earth earthy(世俗之至世俗之至)(3).to live on the fat of the land(生活奢侈生活奢侈)(4).clear as crystal(清楚极了清楚极了)(5).a mess of pattage(眼前小利眼前小利)1.电器发明之前，英国人和中国人一样靠蜡烛照明。仆从跟主人的身分本来就很

4、悬殊；假如连做仆从给人家掌烛都不配，那么，双方的地位、能耐等一定是相差很远的了。人们现在往往用cant hold a handle to或 not fit to hold a candle to（不配跟掌烛）来说远远比不上，例如：In terms of intelligence,he is not fit to hold a candle to Tom.（就聪明来说，他远远比不上汤姆。）2.例如：“I asked whether for him,the arch anti-communist,this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.句中

5、bowing down in the House of Rimmon 是成语典故，表示表面上与宗教信仰一致，但是心里却有不同的的政治主张，真实口是心非。3.“burn ones boat（破釜沉舟）”出自恺撒渡过卢比根河时的获胜毋宁死的历史事件。4.“doubting Thmas出自圣经典故：耶苏的十二门徒之一Thomas说除非看见耶苏手上的钉痕，否则他永远不信耶苏还活着。这个典故用来指那些不亲身体验某事就不相信某事是真实的人。5 例如：He met his Waterloo.句中meet ones Waterloo是成语典故，由拿破仑在Waterloo遇到惨败而来，In the proces

6、s of the development of the English language,the classic works of literary masters made irreplaceable contributions.Fables（1）to bell the cat（比喻人勇于承担风险，或敢于在危险关头挺身而出。（出自伊索寓言）.例如:Every one made suggestions,but no one actually offered to bell the cat.（2）a wolf in sheeps clothing 批着羊皮的狼（出自伊索寓言）。例如:she tr

7、usted him but when he turned nasty she realized that he was a wolf in sheeps clothing.3.Count ones chicken过早乐观，打如意算盘。例如例如:The company count its chickens before they were hatched.4.A dog in the manger 占着茅坑不例例如如:He borrowed many books from library,but he didnt read a book.He was really a dog in the ma

8、nger.Ancient Myths1.as patient a Job（非常有耐心)来源于希腊神话例如例如：Hes so impossibly long-winded.you need to be as patient as job to listen to him without making some excuse to leave他的讲话真是又长又臭。你需要有约伯一样的耐心才能听下去而不致找借口离开。2.Rain cats and dogs(狂风暴雨)出自北欧神话。例如例如：When we were well on the way,it began to rain cats and d

9、ogs.我们正走到半路上,天下起大雨来了.works1.“to claim ones pound of flesh”(残酷压榨，割肉还债)例如例如:Their boss pays highest wages,but he wants his pound of flesh in return and makes them work very hard.2.John bull是英国人的绰号john bullism,英国习气，英国精神john bullist 英国迷（出自约翰牛的平生）。3.“Stick in someones throat”(使某人难于启使某人难于启齿齿,使某人说不出口使某人说不出

10、口)comes from Shakespeares tragic work Macbeth.4.“From China to Peru”(指从世界的这一边到世界的那一边，相当于汉语的远隔重洋)comes from Samuel Johnsonpeom On the Vanity of Human Wishes 例如例如：It is the fact acknowledged from China to Peru.这是举世公认的事实 Food is one of the aspects of cultural tradition that are reflected in English idi

11、oms.In most European countries,bread,butter,jam,cheese,etc,are usual kind of food in daily meals.“bread and butter”(日常所需)“hard cheese”(倒霉)“to butter both sides of ones bread”(过舒适的生活)“love me,love my dog”(爱屋及乌)“dog days”(伏天)“birds of a feather”(性格不同的人)“off and running”(进展顺利)“chuck in ones cards”(认输)“

12、throw in the towel”(投降)“jump the gun”(抢先)“toe the line”(服从命令)Customs is a social phenomenon;it includes social etiquette,habits,lifestyles,traditional marriage and so on.Customs of Britain and the United States have created a large number of idioms with distinctive national features.1.A feather in o

13、nes cap:refers to honor.例如例如:Winning the gold medal was a feather in his cap.夺得金牌是他值得自豪的成就。2.walk down the aisle.means“get married”.例如例如:Amy walked down the aisle this past Saturday to get married to her longtime boyfriend John.Amy 上周六和她的男朋友john结婚了。3.Public lavatory意为“公厕”，在公共场所，厕所门上都标有Gents(男厕)，或Lad

14、ies(女厕)，有时也标有Mens,Mens room,Gentlemans,Womens Womens room.例如例如：Where is the Gents?(厕所在哪儿?)If you would like a wash,the Gentlemans is just over there.(如果要上厕所，男厕就在那边。)4.toilet是最常用的一个词。可指“公厕”，也可指“私厕”。例如例如：I wonder where the toilet is.(我想知道厕所在哪儿。)5.Pipe of peace(出自北美印第安人风俗，表示亲善或者喻指言和，和解)6.Mustard after

15、dinner(饭后抹上芥末，指雨后送伞，马后炮)7.Take French leave意为“不辞而别”、“擅自行动”、“悄悄离去”或“偷偷溜走”例如例如:1.Mr Black,the host of this party,was very angry for my taking French leave.布莱克先生是这次晚会的主人他对我的不辞而别非常生气。2.Dont take French leave without the teachers permission.在没有老师允许的情况下,不要擅自行动。英民族以寡言少语、注重实干文名于世。英民族以寡言少语、注重实干文名于世。其其“沉默是金沉默

16、是金(silence is golden)”性格的形性格的形成，有其地理的原因，英国是一个四面环海成，有其地理的原因，英国是一个四面环海的岛国，沉没寡言是孤立隔绝的岛国，沉没寡言是孤立隔绝(isolation)在在人们心理上的反映。人们心理上的反映。(1).Few words are best.(少说为佳)(2).The less said,the soonest mended.(言多必失)(3).He knows much who knows to hold his tongue.(缄口不言的人是聪明人，满壶水不响)(4).When angry,count ten before you speak;if angry,a hundred.(怒易失言，三思而行)Thank youThank you