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1、Period 3Learning about Language.单词拼写1Due to health problems,I decided to r_ my post as the factory director.2Dr.Proudie would _(废除)all forms and ceremonies.3I think its proper to classify her novels as serious _(文学)instead of mere entertainment.4He has always had an interest in _(政治)5After the aboli
2、tion of _(奴隶制),many black people in America were liberated.【答案】1.resign 2.abolish 3.literature 4.politics5.slavery.单句语法填空1Tom worked hard,only _(fail)again at last.2Its good _(help)others when they are in trouble.3The goal of this activity is _(meet)the needs of common people.4The question is very d
3、ifficult _(answer)5He was forced _(take)a position that was paid less money.【答案】1.to fail2.to help3.to meet4.to answer 5to takeresign vi.&vt.辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)；听任She resigned as secretary last week.上周她辞去了秘书一职。She resigned from a good job all for a bad boss.就因为一个糟糕的老板，她辞掉了一份好工作。resign to 听从，顺从；托付给resign f
4、rom辞去职务resign as sth辞去当的职务resignation n辞职；辞呈单句改错Because of his serious illness，the manager had to resign to his position._单句语法填空He resigned _ the company in order to take a more challenging job.He resigned his post _ headmaster.【答案】to改为fromfromasI was supposed to have finished all my shopping by now
5、 but到现在我本该结束我的购物，但是句句中中的的be supposed to表表示示“应应该该”，相相当当于于should。此此外外，它它还还可可表表示示“必必须须；一一般般认认为为”。I thought we were supposed to be paid today.我本以为我们今天会领到薪水。(1)be not supposed to表表示示“不不准准；不不得得；不不应应当当”，强强调调委婉地委婉地责备责备或禁止。或禁止。(2)suppose/supposing that假假如如，假假设设(3)let us suppose that让让我我们们假假设设，让让我我们们假想假想完成句子这
6、个会本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把它推迟了。The meeting _ _ _ _ _ on Tuesday,but we have had to postpone it.【答案】was supposed to take place动词不定式动动词词不不定定式式由由“to动动词词原原形形”构构成成，如如：to study,to play。动动词词不不定定式式虽虽然然不不能能作作谓谓语语动动词词用用，但但仍仍保保留留着着动动词词的的特特征征，它它可可以以带带有有所所需需要要的的宾宾语语或或状状语语而而构构成成动动词词不不定定式式短短语语，如：如：to play table tennis，to
7、 study hard。一、动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。1作主语动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末。To help each other is good.It is good to help each other.2作表语动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语。My job is to drive them to the power station every day.3作宾语(1)作及物动词的宾语。She wishes to be a musician.(2)作某些形容词的宾
8、语：可以接动词不定式作宾语的形容词一般有glad，sorry,afraid，pleased，determined，willing，eager，anxious，ready，sure等。I am determined to give up smoking.(3)动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语。Can you give us some advice on what to do next?(4)动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置。I dont think it right to do it that wa
9、y.4作宾语补足语如果句中的谓语动词为see，hear，watch，notice，have，make，let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加上to。此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用。Tell the children not to play on the street.I saw him cross the road.He was seen to cross the road.With a lot of work to do，he didnt go to the cinema.5作定语动词不定式作定语时，必须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后。通常与所修饰名词
10、有如下关系：(1)动宾关系作定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词。如果被不定式修饰的名词为place，time，way，不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省去。如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作的承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式。Is this the best way to help him?I have a meeting to attend.He is the man to depend on.The old man is looking for a quiet place to live in.Have you got anything to send?Have y
11、ou got anything to be sent?(2)说明所修饰名词的内容We have made a plan to finish the work.(3)被修饰名词是不定式的逻辑主语He is the first to get here.6作状语动词不定式可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等。(1)表目的He worked day and night to get the money.She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.To master a foreign language,one must work hard at it.(有时为了
12、强调目的，也可将表示目的的不定式置于句首。)She reads China Daily every day in order to(so as to)improve her English.(为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，还可在不定式前加in order to或so as to，但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可，而so as to不能位于句首。)不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：()To save money,every means has been tried.()To save money,he has tried every means.()To learn En
13、glish well,a dictionary is needed.()To learn English well,he needs a dictionary.(2)表结果He arrived late to find the train gone.You are old enough to take care of yourself now.(形容词或副词 enough 动词不定式，表示“够能”。)I visited him only to find him out.(常用only放在不定式前表示和意料的结果相反的情况。)(3)表原因 They were very sad to hear t
14、he news.7作独立成分To tell you the truth,I dont like the way he talked.8不定式的省略保留到to(省略do动词)。If you dont want to do it,you dont need to.9不定式的并列第二个不定式可省略to。He wished to study medicine and(to)become a doctor.单句语法填空Its standard practice for a company like this one _(employ)a security officer.I have a lot of
15、readings _(complete)before the end of this term.My work is _(clean)the room every day.Father will not allow us _(play)on the street._(catch)the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.Anxiously,she took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only _(find)it didnt fit.【答案
16、】to employ to complete to cleanto playTo catchto find二、动词不定式的复合结构由for/of名词(或代词宾格)动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语，这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语。当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有good,nice,kind,wise,silly,stupid,foolish,right,wrong,careless,impolite等。It is very im
17、portant for us to get everything ready for the harvest.It is very kind of you to help him every day.单句改错It is wrong for you to think in that way._It is not necessary for us start out ahead of time._【答案】for改为of在start前加to三、疑问词动词不定式疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。How to prevent them from swimmin
18、g in this river is a problem.单句语法填空When and where _(hold)the meeting hasnt been decided.Its no use having ideas only.Dont worry.Peter can show you _ to turn an idea into an act.【答案】to holdhow四、动词不定式的否定式动词不定式的否定式是由not动词不定式构成。Its wrong of you not to attend the meeting.把下列句子改为否定句He told me to bring you
19、 something.【答案】He told me not to bring you anything.The box is easy to carry.【答案】The box is not easy to carry.五、动词不定式的形式变化动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化：语态 一般式完成式进行式完成进行式主动 to buildto have builtto be buildingto have been building被动to be builtto have been built/动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系：1一般式：动词不定式一般式所表示的动作有时与谓语动词所表示的动作
20、同时发生，但在多数情况下，是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其后)They often watch us play table tennis.(同时)2完成式：动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。I am sorry to have kept you waiting.3进行式：动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中，而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in.单句语法
21、填空The engine just wont start.Something seems _(go)wrong with it.【答案】to have gone六、动词不定式的被动语态用法如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式。What is to be done next hasnt been decided yet.单句语法填空We havent been informed of when the meeting is _(hold)It is not clear whether the picnic is _(cancel)or not.【
22、答案】to be heldto be canceled.用括号内单词的正确形式填空1Do you know when _(go)to the farm?2Please remember _(lock)the door when you leave the room.3 Its good _(help)others when they are in trouble.4 The man downstairs told the man upstairs not _(drop)his shoes onto the floor at midnight any more.5For her sister M
23、ary _(study)music is a good choice.6Im sorry _(take up)so much of your valuable time.7She could do nothing but _(change)her name under the circumstances.8She has no pencil _(write)with.9The goal of this activity is _(meet)the needs of common people.10The boy is not tall enough _(reach)the book shelf
24、.【答案】1.to go2.to lock3.to help4.to drop5.to study6.to have taken up7.change8.to write9.to meet10.to reach.单句改错1Its been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.2I might have to retire again next year just get some more of
25、 these biscuits.3My mum makes the best biscuits in the world,so I decided to asking her for help.4We must find ways protect our environment.If we fail to do so,well live to regret it.5Its necessary for you lock the car when you do not use it.【答案】1.在want后加to2.在get前加to3.asking改为ask4.在protect前加to5.在lock前加to
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