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1、1UnitUnit 2 2 KeepingKeeping HealthyHealthy词句精讲精练词句精讲精练【词汇精讲词汇精讲】1.1. wellwell (1)well 作形容词,意为“身体健康的,身体好的” 。例如:I hope you will be well soon. 我希望你很快好起来。He is quite well. 他身体好。(2)well 作副词,意为“好,令人满意地” 。例如:Mary speaks English very well.玛丽英语说得很好。 He sings well. 他唱得好。2.2. taketake carecare ofof (1)take ca
2、re of 是动词短语,意为“照顾,照料,保管”, 后接名词或者代词做宾语。例如:Please take care of the little boy. 请照顾一下这个小孩儿。(2)take care of 常与词组 look after 互换,但是表示“保管”常用 take care of。例如:You must look after the cat. = You must take care of the cat.你必须照顾这只猫。You have to learn to take care of your possessions. 你得学会保管好自己的财物。3.3. worryworry
3、 (1)worry 可用作不及物动词或及物动词。作及物动词时,意为“使烦恼,使担忧” 。作不及物动词时,意为“发愁,担心,烦恼” ,常与介词 about 连用。例如:2Whats worrying you? 什么事使你烦恼?Dont worry about me. 不要为我担心。(2)worry 也可用作名词。既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。例如:Her face showed signs of worry. 她脸上显出担忧的神情。I have a lot of worries. 我有很多担心。(3)worry 的过去分词 worried 相当于形容词,意为“担心的,烦恼的” ,常与be/l
4、ook/feel 等系动词连用。be worried about 意为“为担心” 。例如:She is worried about her sick mother. 她担心她生病的母亲。4.4. enoughenough (1)enough 是形容词,意为“充足的,充分的,足够的” ,可作表语或定语,作定语时,可放在名词的前面或后面。例如:The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。(2)enough 还可作副词,意为“足够的” ,这时 enough 需放在所修
5、饰的形容词或副词后面。例如:The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。【拓展】(1)There be enough“有足够的” 。 例如:There arent enough seats for all the people to sit down. 没有足够的座位能让所有的人坐下。(2)enoughto do sth. “有足够的做某事” 。例如:I dont have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。3(3)enough to do可以同 tooto
6、或 sothat结构互相转换。例如:He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小而不能上学。5.5. feelfeel likelike (1) “感觉像,摸起来像” 。例如:I feel like a child. 我感觉自己像个小孩子。(2) “想要” 。后接代词、名词或动名词。例如:Do you feel like some fish for supper? 晚饭你想吃些鱼吗?(3)It feels
7、 like句型可用来表示天气、时间等,意为“好像要,似乎是” 。例如:It feels like tea time. 好像喝茶的时间到了。【拓展】 feel like; would like 与 want 的辨析:三者都可表示“想要做某事” 。其用法分别如下:(1)feel like 后接名词、代词或动名词,构成 feel like doing sth. 例如:I dont feel like eating. 我不想吃东西。(2)would like 后接名词、代词或不定式。构成:would like to do sth. 例如:What would you like to do now? 你
8、现在想做什么?(3)want 后可接名词或不定式,构成 want to do sth. 例如:Do you want to join us? 4你想加入到我们中吗?6.6. somethingsomething newnew(1)something 是复合不定代词,意为“某物,某事” ,常用在肯定句中,而在否定句或疑问句中,则多用 anything。例如:I would like to do something interesting. 我想做一些有趣的事情。He cant find anything to eat. 他找不到吃的东西。(2) something new 中 new 作后置定语
9、,修饰不定代词 something。由 some / any / no / every /与 body / thing 或 where 等构成复合不定代词或不定副词时,其修饰词常后置。例如:I want to move somewhere else. 我想要搬到别的地方去。He has something important to say. 他有重要的事要说。【拓展】常用的复合不定代词有:somebody; someone; something; anybody; anyone; anything; nobody; nothing; everyone; everybody; everythin
10、g 等。不定代词有两种用法:一是作主语时,相当于单数第三人称;一是被形容词修饰,形容词常作后置定语。例如:Everyone is here. 人人都在这里。Ill buy you something new. 我要给你买些新东西。口诀:不定代词美名扬,修饰成分后边藏;单数动词作谓语,何时何地都一样。7.7. threethree timestimes a a daydaythree times a day 意为“每天三次” ,是一个表示频率的副词短语,对其提问时用 how 5often。例如:You should take your medicine three times a day. 你应
11、该每天吃三次药。-How often do you wash your clothes? 你多久洗一次衣服?-Once or twice a week. 每周一两次。【拓展】在英语中,表示“一次”用 once,表示两次用 twice,表示“三次或三次以上”时,用“基数词+ times” ,此时 time 是可数名词,意为“次数” 。例如:once a week 每周一次 twice or three times a week 每周两三次8.8. adviceadvice advice 是不可数名词,意为“意见、建议、劝告、忠告” ,不能与不定冠词 a 连用。例如:a piece of advi
12、ce 一条建议Let me give you some advice. 让我给你一些建议。【拓展】(1)give advice (on) 给提(有关)的建议。例如:Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well?你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗?(2)take ones advice 听从某人的建议 例如:Ill take your advice, and do exercise every day. 我会听从你的建议,每天锻炼身体。(3)advise 是 advice 的动词形式,意为“建议” ,常用于 advise sb
13、. to do sth.的结构中。例如:He advised me to read English every morning. 他建议我每天早晨读英语。9.9. messagemessage6message 是名词,意为“消息、信息、口信” 。例如:Li Lei called you with a message for Jim. 李雷打电话要你给吉姆捎个口信。【拓展 1】have a message for sb. 有某人的一个口信give sb. a message 给某人一个口信take a message for sb. 为某人捎个口信leave a message for sb.
14、给某人留个口信【拓展 2】message; news 与 information 的辨析:三个词都可以表示“消息,信息” ,区别如下:(1)message 是可数名词,多用于口头,书面或无线电、网络手机等各种渠道日常传递的消息或信息。例如:I sent a message to him with my mobile phone yesterday. 昨天我用手机给他发了一条短信。(2)news 是不可数名词,指广播、电视报纸等报道的事件。例如:There are some interesting pieces of news in the newspaper. 报纸上有一些有趣的新闻。(3)i
15、nformation 是不可数名词,指通过学习、观察、阅读、调查等方式得到的消息。例如:We can get more information from the Internet. 我们能够从因特网上得到更多的消息。10.10. askask sb.sb. toto dodo sth.sth.ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事” ,其否定形式为 ask sb. not to do sth.“让某人不要做某事” 。例如:I often ask him to help me with my housework. 我经常让他帮助我做家务。7My mother asked me not
16、 to read in the sun. 妈妈让我不要在太阳下看书。【拓展拓展】(1)ask sb. sth. “问某事某事” 。例如:Can I ask you some questions? 我能问你一些问题吗?(2)ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人有关某事;向某人打听某事” 。例如:My father often calls me up and asks me about my study. 爸爸经常给我打电话,询问我的学习情况。(3)ask for sth.“请求某事,要某物” ,相当于 want sth. 例如:Please ask for help if you
17、have some problems. 如果你有问题,请寻求帮助。(4)ask sb. for sth.“向某人要某物” 。例如:If you dont find the way to the school, please ask a policeman for help. 如果你找不到去学校的路,请向警察求助11.11. givegive upup give up 意为“放弃” ,其后应跟名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。English is difficult. But Ill never give it up. 英语很难,但我不会放弃的。 You should really give up
18、 smoking. 你真的需要戒烟了。【拓展】give 的相关短语:(1)give away 意为“赠送,分发” 。例如:The old man gave away all his books to the school. 这位老人把他所有的书都捐赠给那所学校。8(2)give out 意为“分发,用完” 。例如:There were people at the entrance giving out leaflets. 有人在入口处散发传单(3)give in 意为“屈服,让步” 。例如:They say they wont give in to the workers demands. 他
19、们说他们不会向工人的要求让步。(4)give off 意为“放出,释放” 。例如:The flowers give off a heady scent at night. 这些花晚上散发出醉人的芳香。12.12. insteadinstead instead 作副词,意为“代替,而不是” ,常用作状语。例如:He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了,让我替他去吧。She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习,而是整天打网球。【拓展】instead 和 instead of 的辨析:(1)in
20、stead 是副词,后面不接其他的词,一般情况下可不译出,通常放在句首或句末,在句首时常用逗号隔开,表示前面的事没做,而做了后面的事。例如:He didnt go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. 他没有去学校,相反他去了电影院。(2)instead of 是介词短语,意为“代替,而不是” ,后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing 形式等作为介词宾语。例如:He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。13.13. buildbuild sb.sb.
21、 upup (1)build sb. up 是动词短语,意为“增强的体质,使更强壮” 。例如:Exercise can build you up. 9锻炼身体可以增强你的体质。(2)build up 意为“增强、提高、建立” 。例如:We can build up the speed gradually and safely. 我们可以逐渐稳妥地提高速度。The new classmates had begun to build up some trust in one another. 新同学们彼此之间开始建立了些许信任。【拓展】set up, put 与 build 区别(1)set up
22、意为“开办,建立” ,强调机构及相应设施的建立,着重“开始”或“首次”的含义,不强调施工建筑。We set up a study group.我们创立了一个学习小组。(2)put up 意为“搭建,搭起” ,着重指建造或搭起一个具有一定高度的具体的物体。在口语中 set up 与 build 也有此意。Its going to rain. Lets put up the tent. 天要下雨了,我们把帐篷搭起来吧。(3)build 意为“建设,建立,建造” ,是使用广泛的非延续性动词,侧重于施工建筑,常指建造房屋、桥梁、道路、高楼等大型建筑物。The workers are building
23、railways.工人们在修建铁路。14.14. keepkeep healthyhealthy (1)keep 作动词,意思是“保持” ,常见的结构为 keep+形容词/动词-ing 形式,意为“使某物保持某种状态” 。 例如: The cat keeps running after the rat, trying to catch it. 那只猫一直在追赶老鼠,想要抓住它。I need to keep fit. 我需要保持健康。Please keep quiet. 请保持安静。(2)keep 的后面还可以表示为 keep sb. doing sth.,表示“让某人一直做某事” 。例如: 1
24、0You keep me waiting for half an hour.你让我等了半个小时。(3)healthy 是形容词,意为“健康的” , “healthy food”意为“健康食品” 。healthy 的名词为 health, 副词为 healthily, 反义词为 unhealthy。例如:The old man looks healthy. 这个老人看起来很健康。Healthy food is good for our health. 健康食品对我们的健康有益。【词汇精练词汇精练】I.I. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词根据句意及首字母提示补全单词1. You looks p_ t
25、oday. Are you sick?2. I caught a f_ and had to lie in bed.3. We can learn a lot on the I_.4. The box is too heavy. Can you help me l_ it?5. His illness was more s_ than the doctor first thought.6. Chocolate gives you e_. But eating too much is bad for your teeth.7. He wrote an a_ about Wang Xiaoya.8
26、. Something was wrong with his s_. He felt sick after meals.9. Fruit is good for our health. We like to eat w_ in summer.10. Many d_ are caused by smoking.11. H_ up, or well be late.12. Your father is examining a patient. Ill give him the m_ later.II.II.根据句意及汉语提示填空。根据句意及汉语提示填空。1. Smoking is bad for
27、our lungs. It may cause _ (癌症).112.I want to _ (选择) a nice gift for her as a birthday present.3.The burglar (盗贼) got in_ (从,通过) the window.4. Driving carelessly _(引起) accidents.5. Look! She is _ (扫) the room now.III.III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1.What do the two people in white clothes do?Oh,
28、they are _ (dentist).2. Do you want a _ (boil) egg for breakfast?3. Follow the dentists _ (advise), and youll get well soon.4. Take care of your_(tooth) or youll have a toothache.5. You have a fever, youd better _ (lie) down and have a rest.6. Were doctors, so its our _ (duty) to save patients.7. Th
29、e road is _ (crowd). Mr. Wang drives his car slowly.8. What causes the _ (ill)?9. Did they enjoy _ (they) in the party yesterday?10.Where is your mother, Beibei?She is busy _ (answer) the telephone.IV.IV.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,其中有两项多余。用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,其中有两项多余。cause, health, clean, reason, make, easy, beFreque
30、nt (频繁的) hand cleaning is the most important thing you can do because germs are one of the 1 for being ill. Its especially (尤其) important 2 your hands often during this time of year when germs 3 flu, colds and diarrhea (腹泻) to spread (传播) 4 by touching other people, furniture and equipment. Remember
31、, clean hands can keep you 5 , so clean them often!1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 12【参考答案参考答案】I.I. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。根据汉语提示完成下列句子。1. pale 2.fever/flu 3. Internet 4. lift 5. serious 6. energy 7.article 8. stomach 9. watermelon 10.diseases 11. Hurry 12. messageII.II.根据句意及汉语提示填空。根据句意及汉语提示填空。1. cancer 2. choose 3. through 4. causes 5. sweeping/cleaningIII.III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1. dentists 2.boiled 3. advice 4.teeth 5. lie 6. duty 7. crowded 8. illness 9. themselves 10. answeringIV.IV. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,其中有两项多余。用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,其中有两项多余。1. reasons 2. to clean 3. cause 4. easily 5. healthy