雅思小作文常用词汇和套句汇总(8页).doc

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1、-第 1 页雅思小作文常用雅思小作文常用词汇和套句汇总词汇和套句汇总-第 2 页雅思小作文常用词汇和套句汇总雅思小作文常用词汇和套句汇总、开头结尾段常用词汇句型、开头结尾段常用词汇句型一、一、开头段常用词汇：开头段常用词汇：“显示”“表明”“说明”show,give,reveal,present,describe,depict,demonstrate,illustrate,indicate,reflect。领域area/aspect/field/region/sphere二、二、开头常用句式开头常用句式1.根据这幅图我们可以看出According to the chart,it is clea

2、r that2.这幅图描述了在（时间起始）的数量变化the chart shows thechanges in the number of sth.over the period from to(betweenand)3.从这幅图我们看到从.到.的数据变化the chart shows the changes inthe number of sth.over the period from to 三、三、结尾常用句式结尾常用句式在研究了这幅图之后，我们了解到 when we study the chart,it is apparentthat1)We can conclude from the

3、 table that.2)In short(=In brief),.3)In conclusion,.4)To conclude,it seems clear that.5)From the table/diagram,we can see.6)As can be seen from the chart/table/diagram,.7)It is clear/apparent from the chart/graph/table/diagram that.、各种图表常见词汇及句型、各种图表常见词汇及句型一、一、饼状图饼状图（Pie chart）1.常用词1)名词：percentage百分比

4、proportion份额2)动词：占：Comprise,make up,constitute,account for,take up，consume占(份额),occupy,composeis divided intoparts分为部分consist of/be comprised of由构成-第 3 页consume the larges/smallest portion占最大/小的份额与相比较compare/comparison/by contrast/in sharp contrast to比多outnumber/exceed3）短语及副词与相反on the contrary几分之几on

5、e half/one third/one fifth/two thirds/two fifths大约、大概about/around/almost/nearly/roughly/approximately分别/各自respectively与相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to2.常用套句1)The graph,presented in a pie chart,shows the general trend in该图以饼图形式描述了总的

6、趋势。2)The pie graph depicts(mat)该饼图揭示了3)The biggest difference between the two groups(A+B)is in，where A makes up5while B constitutes 67两组之间最大的区别在于，其中A占5，B占67。4)The highest percentage of is A,which was approximately 12A占最高比例，大约125)The percentage of A inis more than twice that of BThe ratio is$to$A在中的比

7、例是B的两倍多，比率是$to$。6)A greater percentage of A than B is found in(the former is$and the latter is$)在中A所占比例比B高(前者为$，后者为$)。7)There are more A in，reaching$，compared with$of B与B的$相比，A所占比例较高，达$。8)A,which used to be the，has become less important,which declined(increased)sharply from$in 1978 to only$in 1998A从

8、前是，现在重要性减弱，所占比例从1978年的$急剧地降到1998年的$。9)The percentage of A is slightly larger/smaller than that of BA的比例比B的比例略高(低)。10）the highest/greatest/lowest/smallest/percentage/proportion of is.二、柱形图二、柱形图(barchart)1、常用词1)动词(要依据描述的情况决定)向上：climb，go up，soar，jump，increase，risegrow，rocket,boom向下：collapse，go down，fal

9、l，drop，slump decline decrease，plummet，plunge，slideShrink2)名词向上：an increase(a marked increase),a rise(a sudden/dramatic rise),a growth,animprovement,an upturn,a surge,an upsurge,an upward trend向下:a fall（a sight fall）,a decrease(a small decrease),a decline(a gradual/steep-第 4 页decline),a drop(a steady

10、/gradual/sharp drop),a downturn,a downturn trend3)形容词和副词“剧烈”“显著”“明显”：副词：dramatic(ally)(急剧),drastic(ally)(急剧),sharp(ly)(急剧),significant(ly)(显著),marked(ly)(显著);considerably;abrupt(ly)(突);alarmingly;短语：at an alarming rate,by a massive leap“匀速”“缓慢”“逐渐”副词：平稳地 uniformly,gradually,steadily,slightly,gently,

11、slowly,moderately,marginally,mildly,smoothly短语：by the least amount,in a moderate way2.常用套句1)There was _ in the number of A from 1986 to 1990(over next.years),which was followed by _ and then _ until 1998when there was_ for the next.years.从1986年至1990年(今后年)A的数目为 _，后来为_ 和_，直到1998年，该数目为 _，以后年均为 _。2)From

12、 1990 onwards,there was _ in the number of A which thenincreased/decreased _ at$%in 1994.自1990年起，A的数目为 _，随后到1994年增长/减低$到 _。3)In 1990，the number reached(was)$，but 30 years later there was1990年，该数字达到$，但是30年后变为 _。4)The trend decrease steeply since 1998;however,it increased rapidly since 2000and reached

13、 the peak in2010从1998年开始开始陡然下降，然而，从2000年，又开始急剧增长，在2010年的时候达到了最高峰。5)The number of A increased rapidly from 1918 to 1990 during the five-year period或是There was a rapid increase of A from 1988 to 1990 during the five-year periodA的数量在五年期间于1988年到1990年上升很快。6)A has reached something of a plateau,X percent/

14、an average of X percent in the pastfew years在过去几年A的数目停滞不前，即X/平均X。7)In the three years spanning from 1995 through 1998，the percentage of A wasslightly larger/smaller than that of B在1995年到1998年三年期间，A的百分比比B大/小了一些。8)The graphs show a threefold increase in the number of A这些图表显示A的数量增长了3倍。9)A decreased yea

15、r by year while B increased steadilyA逐年下滑，而B则稳步上升。10)Here is an upward trend in the number of AA的数量呈现上升趋势。11)(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in A年A的数量骤增。三、曲线图三、曲线图(line chart)1.常用词-第 5 页横轴，纵轴：horizontal axis横轴,vertical axis 纵轴总体趋势：general trend底部：reach a low pointreach the bottom reach the rock hit

16、 a trough;hit a historiclow；trough n(曲线上的)最小值；record low历史低点顶部：reach a peakpeak，reach the highest pointthe top/the summitpeak inat；record high历史高度反弹rebound;turn the corner;recover/recovery;pick up不变：flatten out Plateau，level off remain stable stay at the same level constant，stagnatesteady，stabilize

17、there is littlehardly/anyno change翻了一番double翻了两番triple/three fold,three fold increase波动：fluctuate(around),a fluctuation in(display/demonstrate a fluctuation)幅度：considerable adj相当多的，constant adj.不变的，remarkable adj.明显的，相当的2.开头概述常用套句1)As we can see from the graph/As can be seen from the line chart,the

18、two curvesshow the fluctuation of over the period fromto从图中可以看出，这两条曲线展示了从。到。的。方面的变化2)The line chart depicts the changes in the number ofover the period from 2000 to2004该曲线图描述了从2000年到2004年数量的变化。3)The graph,presented in the curve diagram,shows the general trend in该图以曲线图的形式描述了总的趋势。4)This is a line char

19、t showing这是一个曲线图，描述了3.描述曲线常用套句1)Thein the graph is measured in units,each of which is equivalent to图表中的以为单位，每单位等于2)The horizontal axis stands for横轴代表了3)The vertical axis stands forremarkably纵轴代表了4)There was a(rapid/dramatical/drastic/sharp/great/remarkable/slight/little/slow)increase/rise/decrease/d

20、rop/fall/decline of A over the period fromto从到期间A有快速/急遽/剧烈/急速/很大/明显/很小/几乎没有/缓慢地增长/下降。5)The curve appeared to level off in 1988曲线似乎在1988年稳定下来。6)The situation reached a peak/a high(point)atin 2000这种情况在2000年到达一个顶点，为7)The situation fell down to/reached the bottom in 2000这种情况在2000年降到低谷。8)The figures hit

21、a trough in 2000这些数字2000年降到最低点。-第 6 页四、表格四、表格table1.描述对比常用套句1)A has almost/nearly/about/over a quarter/half/twice/one third/as many studentsas/as much money as B;A has about/approximately/exactly/precisely the same number/proportion/amount ofstudents/money as B.A的学生数/钱(差不多)是B的四分之一/一半/两倍/三分之一/一样；A和B的

22、学生/钱/数量/比例差不多/正好一样2)A has something in common with B/the difference between A and B lies in.A与B 的相同之处/不同之处在于2.描述趋势常用套句1)The number increased/rosesuddenly/dramatically/rapidly/substantially/considerably/sharply from.to.数量从激增到2)During 1990 2000,there was asudden/rapid/dramatic/substantial/sharp/consid

23、erable rise/boom in the number ofprivate cars from.to.1990年到2000年间，私人汽车的数量从急剧增长到3)The ten years from 1990 to 2000 witnessed/saw a steady growth of private carsfrom.to.1990年到2000年10年间，私人汽车的数量从稳步增长到4)The number of private cars increased/rose or:fell/dropped/declined/decreased by20%.私人汽车数量增长了(或：降低了)20。

24、5)The number of private cars in 2000 was 5 times more than that in 19902000年私人汽车数量是1990年的5倍。6)The number of private cars was roughly/about/approximately doubled/tripledbetween 1990 and 2000.1990年到2000年间，私人汽车数量大约是原来的2倍(3倍)。五、流程图五、流程图 flow chart1.常用过渡词1)firstly,the first step is to,the first stage inv

25、olves,first of all,to begin with首先2)secondly,the next step is to,in the next stage,in the following stage,next,then,later,subsequently然后3)thirdly/finally,the last step is to,in the last stage最后4)at the same time,meanwhile,simultaneously同时5)consequently因此6)before this在此之前7)after this在此之后8)during,in t

26、he course of在期间9)in order to/in order not to,in order that,so as to/so as not to为了2.常用套句1)The following diagraph shows the structure of下图显示了的结构。-第 7 页2)The picture illustrates本图描绘了3)It mainly consists of它主要由组成。4)It works as follows它的原理如下。5)It always involves the followingsteps它通常包含以下步。6)The whole pr

27、ocedure can be divided intostages整个过程可以分为步。六、地图题六、地图题1.时间空间常用套句1）A 在 B 的东方/西方/南方/北方Ais/lies/is located/is situated in/on/to the east/west/south/north of B(in 表 A 在 B 内部，ON 表 A 和 B 接壤，TO 表 A 和 B 分开)2）A 在 B 内部的某个部位Ais in the eastern/southern/western/northern part of B.3）A 在 B 西北部的 120 千米处Alies 120 km

28、to the northwest of B.4）A 在 B。.角落Ais at/in the south-eastern corner of B(at 表示 A 在 B 外部，in 表 A 在 B 内部)5）在河流或道路的南边/北边等On the south/southern side of the riverOn both sides of the roadOn the other side6）临近马路的地区The area adjacent to/near/next to/just off the road7）在道路或河流的最南端At the southern end of the riv

29、er8）A 在 B 的对面Ais on the opposite side of BAis opposite B9）A 在 B 东部的边界上（A 在 B 外部）Ais on the eastern border of B10）A 在 B 东部边缘上（A 在 B 内部）Ais on/along the eastern edge of B2.“变化”常用套句地图题描述的是一个地区的变化，那么“变化”词汇必须过关。变化包括两种：图形原有事物的改变，图形新添事物。1）原有事物可说成：The original/previous/former garden2）原有事物尺寸上变大/变小：The size o

30、f the library has been enlarged/extended/halved/reduced by half3）原有事物在数量上增多或减少：-第 8 页Thenumberofhomeshasincreased/risen/grown/reduced/decreased/dropped/fallen/doubled/tripled/quadrupled to 500.4）原有事物没了：The farms completely disappeared/were removed.5）原有事物被改为：Abecomes BAis transformed/reconstructed/re

31、developed/converted/changed/turned over to/into BAis replaced/substituted by B=Agives way to B6）图形新添事物Anewly-built roadA new car park was built/established/set up/constructed/completed and opened in themiddle of BAnew IT centre has been added to the libraryThe year 2000 saw two additions to the land

32、：a pond in the northern part and avegetable garden on the opposite side.图表写作注意事项图表写作注意事项1.不要机械性地如记流水帐一样简单地导入数据，2.更不要加入任何的主观评价和个人感情色彩;3.注意时态问题：（1）统一时态，都用一般现在时或一般过去时；（2）根据图表所展示的时态4.开头第一句话切记照抄原文，要适当变换。推荐 5 个方法（1）灵活加入其他信息，但要注意其准确性（2）改变某些单词的位置（3）同义词取代题目中的单词（4）改变词性（5）用简单语言描述相对复杂的语言5.行文准确性，如介词、副词问题。6.对于整个图表作文的分段，应分三到四段进行讨论。第一段说清楚这幅图是什么，二三段为主题段，写清楚重点特征以及步骤，最后进行一段小的总结。7.留 2 到 3 分钟时间检查。检查内容：（1）语法错误，如主谓一致、时态一致（2）重复单词而忽略同义替换（3）介词错误（4）不规则拼写（4）对于数字的表达是否清晰准确