it强调句型.doc

《it强调句型.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《it强调句型.doc（14页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、强调句基本结构 It+ be + 被强调成分 + that (who) He bought the book in this shop yesterday. It was he that/who bought the book in this shop yesterday. (强调主语he) It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (强调宾语the book) It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (强调地点状语in this shop)它在句子中不充当

2、任何成分ItsnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglish. (主语从句)Itsnotuntilhegotoffthebusthatherealizedhis money was stolen. (强调句型)原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调主语：强调宾语： 强调时间：强调地点： 强调句的特殊疑问句形式Jim told us the news. (非强调句)_(强调句型的陈述句形式)_(强调句型的一般疑问句形式)_(强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，对Jim提问)Mary said tha

3、t 对Mary提问:He joined the Party in 1949 对 in 1949提问:被强调的成分除了是名词、代词、介词短语等之外, 也可以是强调从句He knew what had happened when he go back. _(强调时间状语从句)He married me because he loved my money. _(强调原因状语从句)not.until用于强调句 其基本形式为It is /was not untilthatHe did not come until his wife left. 他妻子走了之后他才来。 _他妻子走了之后他才来。They d

4、idnt start until the rain stopped. 直到雨停他们才出发。_ 直到雨停他们才出发。I didnt learn it until yesterday. He didnt come back until his wife fell asleep. Not until the rain stopped did they start. （倒装结构）The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. 含有否定意义的副词或连词（如not, seldom, little, hardly, never, ra

5、rely, nowhere等）放在句首He can not speak a single word of English. Not a single word of English can he speak. He cares little about his clothes. Little does he care about his clothes. I have never seen him before. Never have I seen him before. 辨析1It was ten oclock _ he came back. A. that B. when C. so D.

6、 whichIt was at ten oclock that he came back. It was after ten oclock that he came back. It was before ten oclock that he came back. 比较：It is autumn when leaves fall. It is three years since she left.It is in 1987 that the factory was founded.It is in autumn that leaves fall. It is for three years t

7、hat she has been waiting.It is 1987 when the factory was founded.1. Its a long time _ I met you last. A. that B. sinceC. when D. which2. It was more than a year now _ he had seen her. A. that B. sinceC. when D. which3. Was it here _ you were away talking to a friend? Sure. But when I got back there,

8、 it was gone.A. that B. whileC. which D. where 辨析21. When was _ that the general manager left for Japan?A. he B. itC. that D. since2. It might have been John _ bought a present for Mary yesterday.A. that B. when C. what D. which3. It was what he meant rather than what he said _ annoyed me. A. which

9、B. as C. what D. that4. It was just in the room _ he was born _ he died.A. where, which B. that, thatC. where, that D. which, that5. It was lack of money, not of effort, _ defeated their plan. A. which B. as C. that D. what练习1. It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C.

10、 which D. when2. It was not until midnight _ _ they reached the camp site. A .that B. when C. while D. as3. It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where4. _ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.A. ItB. HeC. She D. That5. It

11、was on October 1st _ new China was founded.A. whichB. whenC. asD. that6. Was it because he was ill _ he asked for leave?A. andB. thatC. thats D. so7. It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasnt until; when D. wasn

12、t until; that8. It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. A. whichB. it C. that D. this9. It was Alice and her husband who saved the old man,_?A. wasnt it B. was it C. didnt they D. did they 10. When asked to explain_ made his lessons so exciting, the teacher kept silent.A. what i

13、t is that B. that what it is C. what is it that D. that what is it强调句型讲解和练习一、定义强调就是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。英语表达中，要强调句子的某一成分，一般可用强调句型“It is (was) +that (who) +句子的其余部分”。It在句中无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that外，还可换用who（强调宾语指人时也可用whom）。使用强调句型时，应注意以下事项：1、去掉强调结构It is (was) that(who)后，剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强

14、调句型的关键。试比较：1. It is strange that he didnt come yesterday.2. It is you and Tom that didnt come yesterday.显然，句1去掉It is that 后，句子结构不完整，是主语从句；句2去掉It is that 后，句子变为you and Tom didnt come yesterday. 仍是一个表意完整的句子，这是一个强调句。再如：1. It is what you do rather than what you say _matters. A. that B. what C. which D.

15、this答案A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调结构，剩下的是What you do rather than what you say matters. 表意完整。2. That was really a splendid evening. Its years _I enjoyed myself so much.A. when B. that C. before D. since答案D。由强调句型的判断方法可知，该句不是强调句型。It指时间，句意为：好几年我没有这么高兴了。since的意思是“自从那个时候起”。2、如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不可用when, where, why

16、或how，而仍用that。试比较：It was because of the accident why he was late. (误), It was because of the accident that he was late. (正)。又如：1. It was not until midnight_ they reached the camp site.A. that B. when C. while D. as答案A。该题强干扰项是B，考生容易因强调时间状语until midnight而误选。2. It was after he got what he had desired _h

17、e realized it was not so important.A. that B. when C. since D. as答案A。该句强调时间状语从句after he got what he had desired，题干意思是“得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要”。不要误选B。3、注意强调句型的否定句和疑问句形式，在这方面很容易因弄不清句子结构而错选。如:How did he come here? 强调how: How was it that he came here? Why did he came late? 强调Why: Why was it that he ca

18、me late?1. I just wonder _that makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is答案D。正常语序的强调句型容易看出，但要注意它的变体。如果把该题变换一下语序：it is what that makes him so excited,不难看出这是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，强调了疑问代词what，因为wonder后宾语从句，故用了陈述语序。2. It was not until she got home _Jennifer realized she had l

19、ost her keys.A. when B. that C. where D. before 答案B。如果去掉强调结构，该句是一个“not until”句型：Jennifer didnt realize she had lost her keys until she got home. 要强调时间状语until she got home，这时要把主句中的否定词not放在was之后。4、强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语；be的变化只有is和was两种形式，如果要表示现在时将来时的其它各种形式时，就用It is, 表达过去时的各种形式时，用It was.一般

20、要与谓语动词的时态一致。如：1. It is I who/ that am an English teacher.2. It is the boy who/ that speaks English best in the class.3. It was on Sunday that he gave George this ticket.4. It is the little girl who/ that has broken the glass.5、强调句中的时态。如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)

21、，用It is.that.。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用It was.that.。如：Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语)It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday. (强调宾语)It was yesterday that Mary met an old

22、 beggar in the street. (强调时间状语)It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (强调地点状语)有时，be前可使用表示推测的情态动词。如：It must be Peter who has let this secret out.一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。It might be last night that they did their homework.他们也许是昨晚做完作业的。6、在复习中有可能把It is/ wasthat句式都误认为是强调句型的几种情况：1）、把具有实际意义的指示

23、代词it后面接is/wasthat误认为是强调句式。- Where did you get to know her? - It was on the farm _ we worked.A. that B. there C. which D. where答案D。该句易误作强调句型，所以A是强干扰项。这里where we worked 是定语从句，修饰the farm。It指“与她相识”这件事。该题很容易受思维定势的影响而拒绝选D，因为平日教学老师一再强调，用强调句型时即使强调地点状语，也不能用where而用that。该句如果要用it was that强调句型的话，可改写为“It was on t

24、he farm where we worked that I got to know her.”2）、把it指时间、天气、距离、环境等后接be的情形误以为是强调句型。It was twenty miles from our city to the village _the accident happened.A. that B. when C. then D. where答案D。本题貌似It wasthat强调句型，其实不然。句中It表示距离，where 引导地点状语从句。3）、把It is/ wasthat结构的主语从句误认为是强调句型。1. The Foreign Minister sai

25、d, “_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is答案D。如果选A和C，指示代词This和That在句中找不出指代的内容，选B意义不通。故选D。虽然选It is后题干中出现了It is that结构，但这不是强调句型。很明显，题干中的that从句应是主语从句，所缺的是形式主语。7、强调句型It is/ was that/ who主要用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语或表语。如果要强调谓语动词,应该用代动词do及其变形does或did，这三种形式常用

26、在谓语动词之前，以加强语气。它一般只能强调现在时与过去时。如：I do wish I could. 我真希望我能。He does look well. 他的确看起来气色很好。You did give me a fright. 你真把我给吓了一跳。二、使用此句型时应注意以下几点1.原句中的谓语动词时态是一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时或过去完成时等表过去的时态时, 用 It was.that. 。属于表现在的时态时, 用 It is. that. 。如:It is the computer that is doing many jobs. 是计算机做了许多工作。When was it that

27、 the Long March started? 长征是在何时开始的?2. 被强调部分无论是单数还是复数, It 后的动词均用单数形式, 即 is或 was。如:It is they who have finished cleaning the classroom. 打扫完教室的人是他们。3. 被强调部分指人时, It is（was）. 后用 who, whom 或that均可; 指事物或情况时, 通常用 that（一般不用 when, where, which等）。如:It was yesterday that he saw me in the park. （不可用 when）It is h

28、er whom you should ask. （还可用 whothat）It was in the street that they quarreled. （不可用 where）4. 被强调部分如果是原句的主语, whothat 后面的谓语在人称和数上应与原句主语保持一致。如:It was they that were talking and laughing. 是他们又说又笑的啊。5. 强调双宾语时，无论是强调直接宾语还是间接宾语，根据适当情况加上介词 to 或 for 等。如:It was a new dictionary that Tom gave to me last night.

29、（Tom gave me a new dictionary last night. ）汤姆昨晚给我的是一本新词典。It was a red shirt that John bought for me as a birthday present. （John bought me a red shirt as a birthday present. ）作为生日礼物约翰送我的是一件红衬衫。6. 对 not. until. 句型强调时, 要把 not 连同 until 短语或从句一起提前。如:It was not until I spoke to him that he noticed me. （He

30、 didnt notice me until I spoke to him. ）直到我跟他说话他才注意到我。7. 强调特殊疑问句的疑问词时, 要将疑问词置于句首, 句子结构仍是疑问句形式。如:Where was it that you put the book? （Where did you put the book? ）你把书放在哪里了?Who was it that called me this morning? （Who called me this morning? ）今天早上是谁打电话给我的?8. 此结构还可以强调目的状语、方式状语和以 because 引导的原因状语从句。但不能强调

31、由 since 或 as 引导的原因状语从句, 也不能强调由although 和 whereas 引导的句子。如:It was because he was ill that we decided to return home. 那是因为他生病了, 所以我们才决定回家的。Was it in Beijing you first met him? （ Was it in Beijing that you first met him? ）你第一次见到他时是在北京吗?What is it you want me to do? （What is it that you want me to do? ）你

32、究竟要我做什么?三、使用强调句型时要分清以下两种情况1. 要分清是主语从句还是强调结构。判断这种句型是主语从句还是强调结构，方法是将 It is（was）. that 去掉, 去掉后整个句子结构和意义不受其影响的话为强调结构，反之则是主语从句。试比较:It was yesterday that he met her in the street. （Yesterday he met her in the street. ）是昨天他在街上碰见了她。（强调结构）It was said that he met her in the street yesterday. （That he met her

33、in the street yesterday was said. ）据说他昨天在街上碰见了她。（主语从句）It is clearly that she speaks. （She speaks clearly. ）她说话吐字清楚。（强调结构）It is clear that she has heard of it. （ That she has heard of it is clear. ）显然她已听说了这件事。（主语从句）2. 要分清是强调结构中的 that-（who-）分句还是用作关系代词的定语从句中的that-（who-）分句。判断的方法还是将 It is（was）. that去掉, 去

34、掉后整个句子结构和意义不受其影响的话是强调结构中的 that-（who-）分句, 反之则是用作关系代词的定语从句中的 that-（who-）分句。如:It is money that is most needed. （ Money is most needed. ）（强调结构中的 that）It is the money that he returned me. （定语从句中的 that）四、强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，下面简单归纳它的几种结构：1用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原形”来表示强调：He does know the place well他

35、的确很熟悉这个地方。Do write to me when you get there你到那儿后务必给我来信。2用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：Thats the very textbook we used last term这正是我们上学期用过的教材。You are the only person here who can speak Chinese你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。Not a single person has been in the shop this morning今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。How dare you buy

36、 such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？3用ever，never，very，just等副词和badly，highly，really等带有ly的副词来进行强调：Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？He never said a word the whole day一整天，他一句话也没说。Youve got to be very，very careful你一定得非常、非常小心。This is just what I wanted这正是我所要的。He was badly wounded他伤得很严重。I really dont know

37、what to do next我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。4用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？5用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！Oh，what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！6用重复来表示强调：Why！why！The cage is empty！

38、啊！啊！箱子是空的。They walked for miles and miles他们走了好多英里。7用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：On the table were some flowers桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）Many a time have I climbed that hill我多次翻过那座山。Only in this way，can we solve this problem只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。8用强调句型：“It is（was）被强调的部分that（who）原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿：It was on Monday ni

39、ght that all this happened所有这一切发生在周一晚上。Its me that he blamed他怪的是我。9用If来表示强调：1）If从句I dont know whowhat，etcdoesishas，etc；主语部分也可以用nobody doesishas，etc或everybody doesishas，et c来代替（这里的if从句往往是正话反说，反话正说）：If he cant do it，I dont know who can要是他做不了这件事，我不知道还有谁能做。（强调只有他能做）If Jim is a coward，everybody is要是吉姆是个胆

40、小鬼，那么人人都是胆小鬼。（强调吉姆不是胆小鬼）2）if从句it be主句（此用法可看成是第8中强调句型的变形，即把所要强调的内容放在it be的后面，把其它内容放在由if引导的从句中）：If anyone knew the truth，it was Tom如果说谁了解事实的真相，那便是汤姆。If there is one thing he loves，it is money如果说世界上还有他爱的东西，那便是金钱。10用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调，加强语气：Its because of hard workten years of hard work那是因为艰苦的工作十年艰苦的工作！He be

41、gan the work in late May他在五月底开始的这项工作。（强调时间）随堂练习：1. It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it2. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _ he chose the course. A. that B. what C. why D. how3. It is these po

42、isonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A .who B. that C .how D .what4. Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that5. It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A because B which C since D that6. An awful accident _, however, occur the other day. A. does B. did C. has to D. had to 7. It was not until she got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. A. when B. that C. where D. before 8. It was_