江苏省南京市金陵中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题.docx

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1、金陵中学2022-2023学年高一上期中试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分375分）AThere is a kind of woman in the world who has the ability to accomplish the difficult challenges of their own life and to inspire others to achieve great things. Theyre strong and independent, wise and successful, talented and brave

2、, and can teach all of us a lot.Still AliceIn this film, we can catch a glimpse of a familys relationships, fears, concerns and struggles. The films main character Alice, aged 50 copes bravely with Alzheimefs disease: shes the perfect example of an iron-willed woman.Julianne Moore*s amazing performa

3、nce adds extra charm to this character.Erin BrockovichThe film is about Erin Brockovich a strong yet easily-hurt woman, but ordinary weakness is not allowed in her situation. She may not be a genius, but her persistence and concern for others allow her to achieve the impossible: a victory over a pow

4、erful and major company that is literally poisoning people.When you are about to give up on something, simply watch this movie for motivation.The Devil Wears PradaAs assistant to impossibly demanding New York fashion magazine editor Miranda Priestly, young Andy Sachs has landed a job that “a million

5、 girls would die fbr. Unfortunately, her heaven-sent appointment as Mirandas assistant just might be the death of her!There*s a very classic line in the film: Let me know when your whole life goes up in smoke. That means its time for a promotion.Mona Lisa SmileThis movie teaches you about dignity, c

6、ourage and persistence, and the central theme is learning to have a mind of your own.Katherine Watson is a recent UCLA graduate hired to teach art history at the all-female Wellesley College, in 1953.Determined to face up to the outdated customs of society, Katherine inspires her traditional student

7、s to challenge the lives they are expected to lead.21. Which film would you recommend to your grandmother if she were seriously ill?A. Erin Brockovich. B. Still Alice. 22. What does the film Erin Brockovich convey?A. Never ever compromise.C. Cross the bridge when you come to it.23. What do the four

8、films have in common?A. Winning a number of film awards.C. Naming all these films after women.C. Mona Lisa Smile. D. The Devil Wears Prada.B. Many hands make light work.D. Don*t put the cart before the horse.B. Singing high praise for great women.D. Fighting for womens social status.BGrowing up, I t

9、hought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas （公式）and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. One of my teachers told my mother that I was slow”. But my problem wasn*t with math itself. In fact, when a topic seemed particularly intere

10、sting, I would go to the library and read more about it.By high school, no one told me that I could become a professional mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.The chances of that happening were

11、 very low. But that didnt stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it. They made video tapes of my perfonnances and sent them to college coaches around the country. In the end, a Big Ten school, Penn State, did offer me a scholars

12、hip.I wish math teachers were more like football coaches. Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan. They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions and constant

13、 feedback （反馈）.Until I got to college, I didnt really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as laborious （耗时费力的） calculations. Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem. It wasn*t easy, but it was fascinating. My professor kept giving me prob

14、lems, and I kept pursuing them, even though I couldnt always solve them immediately. The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. Instead, it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy. It gave me that same sense of w

15、onder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity. I am now a P h. D candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 24. Why did the writer think math class in school was something to be endured11 before entering college?A. Because he wasn*t interested in math.B. Because his mat

16、h teachers didnt care to push him.C. Because he was too smart and talented for math class.D. Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship.25. According to the writer, students are affected by the following things from teachers or coaches EXCEPT.A. a sense of purposeB. constant feedback C

17、. passionD. specific instructionsWe can conclude that after entering college, the writer.A. was busy looking for math problems to solveB. studied on his own just as he was in high schoolC. met with laborious calculations in his studiesD. began to realize what mathematics really isWhat is the best ti

18、tle for the text?A. Interest is the best teacherB. Be the best-you can make itC. Math, taught like footballD. Once your teacher, always your teacherCAs people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety this past year, many turned to their favorite comfort foods:

19、ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high- fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. Instead, whole foods such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a be

20、tter bet.Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in

21、symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise, sound sleep, a heart-healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation （发炎）and have benefits fbr the b

22、rain. Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical professor at the Columbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet. He asks what they eat, leams their favorite foods, and finds out if foods that h

23、e considers important fbr the connection are missing from their diets, such as plants, seafood.Dr. Ramsey said he does not wat people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food. Lots of people get their food exactly right, live very active lives, and still have significant trouble

24、s with their mental health J he said. But he also teaches people that food can be empowering. We cant control our genes,“ he said. But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.” 29. What do previous nutrit

25、ion studies mainly focus on?A. How our diets affect our mental health.B. How our diets affect our physical health.D. How our mental health affects our diets.D. How our physical health affects our diets.30. Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients?A. They try to

26、 cater to their patients? needs.B. They are questioning public health experts.C. They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.D. They have accepted the findings of large population studies. 31. Which of the following might Dr. Ramsey agree with?A. Some connection exists between our diets an

27、d mental health.B. People can control their genes as well as how they eat.C. People living active lives will not have mental problems.D. Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression. 32. What is the main idea of the text?A. People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort.B. The daily diet

28、is the factor connected with brain health.C. Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.D. Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.DBack in Brisbane, Australia, for the Christmas break, I found myself in a public transport dead zone. Bikeless, 7 kilometers f

29、rom where I was meeting friends and unwilling to get a taxi, I decided to borrow an electric scooter. The trip took far longer than it would have by bike, mainly because of a major spill halfway there. A rock, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees of a primary sch

30、ooler.E-scooters have appeared in Brisbane like a rash. In the UK, they are legal only on private land, but the Department for Transport is discussing how to regulate them on public roads and pathways, with the potential for legalization later this year. Other cities that have e-scooter rental progr

31、ams have had teething problems. In Paris, mayor Anne Hidalgo described the situation last year as messy. She has announced that the city is reducing its number of e-scooters to 15,000 and plans to create laws banning them from pavements （人行道）.France has put into force laws limiting e-scooter speeds

32、to 25 kilometres per hour.Similar to dockless （无桩的）hire bicycles, e-scooters are parked on pavements and people leave them up trees or throw them into rivers. Rough handling shortens their lifetime, which is bad for both profitability and the environment. Analysis suggests that the average e-scootef

33、s lifetime is just three months.I think e-scooters are an essential part of the effort to make city transport greener. They are seen as a solution to the last mile” problem a potential way to reduce transport jam by rapidly getting someone to their final destination. Cars can take up 28 times the sp

34、ace of a person riding a bicycle.As far as the environmental effect goes, recent research suggests that e-scooters are not as green as walking or cycling, but they are still better than cars. And despite numerous reports of serious accidents, scooting is about as safe as cycling. Stephen Gossling at

35、 Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free micromobility streets, where cyclists, pedestrians （行人）and e-scooters could share the road. He thinks this will reduce accident risks and invite more vulnerable（易受伤害的）traffic participants, such as children, to become active transport users.I

36、f more e-scooters mean fewer cars on roads, an improvement in local air quality is also a likely outcome. When 20 kilometers of roads in central London closed for World Car-Free Day last September, a temporary air quality monitor in Regent Street reportedly registered a 60% drop in nitrogen dioxide.

37、32. What does the underlined part “a major spill“ in Paragraph 1 probably mean?C. A legal defense. D. A terrible breakdown.（易受伤害的）traffic participants, such as children, to become active transport users.If more e-scooters mean fewer cars on roads, an improvement in local air quality is also a likely

38、 outcome. When 20 kilometers of roads in central London closed for World Car-Free Day last September, a temporary air quality monitor in Regent Street reportedly registered a 60% drop in nitrogen dioxide.33. What does the underlined part “a major spill“ in Paragraph 1 probably mean?C. A legal defens

39、e. D. A terrible breakdown.A. A serious fall.B. A sudden illness.34. What do we know about e-scooters in Paris?A. They are illegal on pavements.C. They are facing more restrictions.35. What is the authors opinion of e-scooters?A. They are not as safe as cycling.C. They are as green as cycling or wal

40、king.36. What is Stephen Gosslings suggestion?A. To set up more care-free days.C. To get vulnerable pedestrians off the road.第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）B. They are already out of fashion.D. They are more common on private land.B. They stand up to rough handling.D. They play a big role in the last mile

41、n problem.B. To invite more cyclists to use e-scooters.D. To separate cars from e-scooters on the road.Not long ago, no one understood that infectious diseases were caused by tiny organisms that moved from person to person. Even now, although we know that tiny living microbes cause disease, how they

42、 do so is not always obvious.36 They can also be transmitted through our skin through insect or animal bites. The best way to prevent infections is to block pathogens （病原体）from entering the body.The first line of defense is to keep germs at bay by following good personal health habits. Wash your han

43、ds well. You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom, before preparing or eating food, and after gardening or other dirty tasks.37 Wet your hands thoroughly. Lather （起泡沫）up with soap or cleanser, and rub it into the palms and backs of yourhands and your wrists. Be sure to clean your finger

44、tips, under your nails and between your fingers. Wash under running water. 38Whether you are young or young at heart, getting vaccinated （接种疫苗）is an essential part of staying healthy.39 such as a temporarily sore arm or low fever, they are generally safe and effective. Vaccinations are essential if

45、you are to avoid getting sick. In general, children should receive the recommended childhood vaccinations. Adults should make sure their vaccinations are up to date. When travelling abroad, check with your health care provider about additional immunizations （免疫）.40 Stay clear of wild animals. Many w

46、ild animals, including bats, foxes and coyotes, can spread the virus tohumans by biting. Keep your pets away fiom wild animals, too. Dogs, cats or any other type of warm-blooded animals can pick up the virus and pass the virus along to people.A. Dry your hands and wrists thoroughly.B. Use animal con

47、trol to prevent infections.C. While vaccines may cause some common side effects,D. Although vaccines cannot prevent some rare diseases,E. Other wild animals cannot transmit the virus and other infections.F. We do know that most microbes enter through openings in the body.G. You should also wash up a

48、fter blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.第三部分完形填空(共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分)Whenever Michael Carl, the fashion market director at Vanity Fair, goes out to dinner with friends, he plays something called the “phone stack game: Everyone 41 their phones in the middle of the table; whoever looks at their de

49、vicebefore the check arrives 42 for dinner.Brandon Holley, the former editor of Lucky magazine, had trouble 43 her mobile phone when she got home fi*omwork. So about six months ago, she 44putting her phone into a milk tin the moment she walked in. It remains thereuntil after dinner. And Mare Jacobs, the fashion designer, didnt 45 to sleep close