英语重点词汇wish虚拟语气用法详解.docx

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1、英语重点词汇wish虚拟语气用法详解从宾语从句角度看wish虚拟语气：1）用wish表示现在的祝愿以及抱歉。句子基本结构为：宾语从句的谓语be用were （was）,实义 动词则用过去式。例句：I wish my parents were at home this time.2）用wish表示对过去的事情的遗憾。句子基本结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或者could+ 现在完成时。例句：I wish I hadn， t hurt him so mucho3）用wish表示对将来的事情的愿望。句子基本结构为宾语从句的结构，谓语为 would/could/might+动词的原形。例句：I wis

2、h I might be able to come tomorrow0prefer+名词Would you like meat or fish?r d prefer meat, please.1. prefer+动名词Do you prefer cooling for yourself or eating in a restaurant?自己做饭还是喜欢下馆子？一Do you like swimming?你喜欢游泳吗？一Yes, but I prefer sailing.喜欢，但我更喜欢驾驶帆船。2. prefer+不定式Do you prefer to cook for yourself,

3、or to eat in a restaurant?I prefer to spend the weekend at home. 我喜欢在家里 度周末。I would prefer to stay at home tonight.She prefers to be alone.3. Prefer sb. to do sth.Their father prefers them to be home early. 他们的父 亲宁愿他们早点回家。I thought you would prefer me not to knock.4. prefer A to B在本句型中，A与B是平行结构，可以是名

4、词，也可以都是 动名词。例如：I prefer dogs to cats.在狗与猫之间我更喜欢狗。Most people prefer trains to buses. 大多数人愿意坐火 车而不愿坐汽车。I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination. 我宁愿写一篇学期论文也不愿参加考试。I prefer staying at home to going out.我觉得在家里 比出去好。housands of children nowadays prefer doing their homework to a background

5、of pop-music to doing it in a quiet room,成千上万的孩子如今一边听流行音乐一边做作业，也不愿在安安静静的房间里做。She has always preferred marking her own clothes rather than buying them in the shops,她向来喜欢自己做衣服，而不 到商店里去买衣服。5. Prefer+不定式+rather than+不定式1)本句型中，第一个不定式前面要加to,第二个不定式前 面以不加 to 居多。例如：He prefer to die rather than become traitor

6、.他宁死也不做叛徒。Older people often fear change. They know what they can do best. They prefer to repeat their successes rather than risk failure.年纪大的人常常怕变化。他们知道什么最拿手， 宁愿把自己成功的经验再如法炮制也不愿冒失败的危险。She preferred to sew rather than to knit.她喜欢缝纫 而不喜欢编织。2) rather than也可以置于句首：Rather than buy a car of his own, he pr

7、efers to rentone.3) than后也可用动名词:I prefer to stay at home rather than go/going to see a film.我觉得与其去看电影倒不如待在家里。I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive/driving all the way to your mothers. 我觉得与其开 车跑那么远的路到你母亲那里度周末，倒不如在家里过更好些。4) preferrather than中的rather也可以移到第一个不定式 之前(prefer rather

8、,than),这种用法多见于书面语。例如： He preferred rather to take the whole blame himself than to allow it to fall on the innocent. 他宁可自己承担全部 责任而不愿让无辜的人受到连累。5) prefer to do A rather than do B 意义相同，试比较：Joe prefers skating to skiing.Joe prefer to skate rather than ski.Bill preferred playing soccer to swimming.Bill pr

9、eferred to play soccer rather than swim.He preferred rating a car to having one of his own.He prefers to rent a car rather than to have one of his own .他宁愿租车也不愿买车。6)用preferrather than代替preferto连接名词的形 式偶尔也可见到。如：Mr. Brunner prefers chemistry rather than physics.有人认为两者的区别是：preferto表示一般的倾向， preferrather

10、 than则表示在某种具体场合的选择。如：What shall we have to drink, port or sherry?我们喝什么呢, 葡萄 酒还是雪利酒？I should prefer port rather than sherry.我宁愿喝葡萄 酒而不喝雪利酒。7) prefer+that 从句Would you prefer that I come on Monday instead of on Tuesday?你宁愿让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗？I prefer that someone else should do this.我觉得还是 让别人来做这件事比较好。通过以上的学

11、习，我们了解了 prefer的各种用法，以及perfer相关的词组。希望同学们在理解的基础上掌握牢固。1 .表示“在.之前就.”。Mary had finished her homework before her mother returned.2 .表示“过了多久后才.，动作进行到什么程度才”The man almost knocked me down before he saw me .They walked about 30 miles to the west before they saw a village .They worked day and night about three

12、 days before everything returned to normal .3 .表示“来不及；尚未.就”Before I could get in a word , he had measured me .He ran off before I could stop him .She left the company before I could have a word with her .4 .表示“刚就”I had hardly sat down before the bell rang.5.表示“不知不觉就.；还没弄清就，Time passed quickly and th

13、ree months went by before Aqiao knew it.6 .表示“宁愿，决不，与其，毋宁.”常与will或would 连用。I would die before I would tellI d shoot myself before I apologized to him.I would / will die before I surrender .7 .表示“否则；以免”Do it now before you forget . I will write it down before I forget it .8 .用于句型“it was +时间段+ before”

14、表示过了多久 才”It was three days before he came back.9 .用丁句型 it was not long +时间段+ before”意为 “不久就.”It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position .10 .用于句型“ it will be (not ) +时间段+ before*.表不要 过多久/不久才”It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.It will be not long before you find you are wrong.