初中英语动词不定式复习课件 (1).ppt

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1、RevisionTheinfinitive动词不定式动词不定式 定义：不定式的构成是定义：不定式的构成是to+to+动词原形动词原形，当然，当然toto有有时也可以省略时也可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，化，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。构成：构成：to+do(动词原形动词原形)用法：用法：1、用作宾语用作宾语(v.+todo)e.g:Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.Ifounditdifficulttofallasleep.我发现很

2、难入睡。我发现很难入睡。need to do learn to doagree to do stop to doplan to do decide to do go on to do try to do begin to do start to do refuse to do like to doforget to do remember to do 2.用作宾语补足语：用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+to do)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edisonsmothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.want

3、 sb to dowish sb to do get sb to doorder sb to do find sb to be like sb to do would like sb to dohelp sb to do一感:feel三让letmakehave二听listentohear四看watchseelookatnotice宾语补足语不带宾语补足语不带to的情况的情况：Letmedoit.Isawhimcrossthestreet.比较：比较：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.Iheardhersinginthenextroom.3.用作状语用作状语(adver

4、bial)：HecametoshowmehisnewCDplayer.Iwenttheretoseemyteacher.ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.(目的)(目的)(目的)（结果）（结果）It与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语，但如果与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语，但如果动词不定式太长，显得动词不定式太长，显得头重脚轻头重脚轻的，那么我们的，那么我们就就可用形式主语可用形式主语it代替代替，而把真正主语，而把真正主语(即不定式即不定式)放于句尾。放于句尾。e.g:Itisnotdifficultformet

5、ostudyEnglishwell.对我来说学好英语不难。对我来说学好英语不难。4.4.用作主语用作主语1.To go abroad is his dream.2.To say is easy,to do is difficult.（不定式作主语时可将其用形式主语（不定式作主语时可将其用形式主语it来替换）来替换）It is his dream to go abroad.It is easy to say,it is difficult to do.5.用作表语用作表语His work is to feed the animals.Her job is to look after the pa

6、tients.My dream is to be a scientist.6.用作定语用作定语Give me something to drink.I have two books to read.They have much food to eat.（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词，若是不及物动词，介词介词不能省略不能省略）He asked for a room to live in.I dont have a pen to write with.The ice is hard enough to skate on.He bought a to

7、y to play with.7.疑问词疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加加todo可构成可构成不定式短语不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、，在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.Idontknowwhattodo.Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.Thequestioniswho(m)toask.(主语主语)(宾语宾语)(宾补宾补)(表语表语)Idontknowhowtouseacomputer.(宾语宾语)注意：注意：在与在与whywhy连用时，只

8、用于连用时，只用于whywhy或或why notwhy not开头开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带带toto。Why not have a rest?Why not have a rest?too.to太太.以致于不能以致于不能.enoughto足以足以.Theboxistooheavyformetolift.这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到上学的年龄了。特殊用法特殊用法1、wouldrather，hadbetter后。后。eg:Youhadbetterstayathome.2、Why./Why

9、not.后。后。e.g：WhynothaveagoodrestonSunday?为为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?3 3、使役动词使役动词let,have,make等后接不定等后接不定e.g:Lethimgo!让他走让他走!不定式不定式省省toto有四种情况：有四种情况：宁愿；宁可4、感官动词感官动词:see,watch,lookat,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省等后作宾补，省to。如：如：Isawhimdance.我看见他跳舞。我看见他跳舞。（其中（其中help的的to可省可不省）可省可不省）e.g:Letmedoit.e.

10、g:Isawhimcrossthestreet.比较：比较：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.（强调正在）（强调正在）Iheardhersinginthenextroom.（强调全过程）（强调全过程）注意注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to to 哟！哟！（被动语态中被动语态中，“toto”要还原要还原）e.g:The boss made them work the whole night.=变成被动句：They were made to work the whole night.根据句意,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Itst

11、imeforus(have)supper2.Wouldyoulike_(go)shopping withme？3.Ittookushalfanhour_(work)outtheproblemtohave主语togo宾语towork主语4.Heisoldenough_(join)thearmy5.Iamveryglad_(meet)youhere6.Theyprefer_(stay)athomeratherthangoouttojoin结果状语tomeet形容词补足语(原)tostay宾语tosay定语7.Haveyougotanything_(say)?8.Wesawthem_(come)in

12、totheroomjustnow9.IamsorryIforgot_(tell)youthenews10.Hisplanis_(spend)afewdaysinthemountains11.Doyouknowwhen_(start)？come宾补totell宾语tospend表语tostart不定式短语作宾语12.Heistooweak_(carry)thebigstone13.MrBlackaskedtheman_(notjump)thequeue.14.Yourfatherissleeping.Youdbetter_(notwake)himup.tocarry结果状语nottojumpnotwakeGame:makeupasayingLookfortheoldsoastolearnthenew!for,the,look,so,as,learn,new,the,to,old!温故而知新温故而知新!以便；以致Hi,relaxyourself!