主语从句和同位语从句精选课件.ppt

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1、关于主语从句和同位语从句第一页，本课件共有33页主语从句在另外一个句子中做主语的句子在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。叫主语从句。Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.Thatheisthebeststudentintheclassisobvious第二页，本课件共有33页主语从句常用主语从句常用it it作形式主语放句首作形式主语放句首因而我们常见到这种句式：因而我们常见到这种句式：It+be+n./adj/-ed从句（从句（that,whether,etc.)例：例：Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.=Thatyou

2、shouldhavetoleaveisapity.ItisgreatthatIhaveateacherlikeyou.=ThatIhaveateacherlikeyouisgreat.第三页，本课件共有33页.主语从句的连接词主语从句的连接词一、主语从句一、主语从句1.连连词词that(无无词词义义,不不作作成成分分,不不能能省省略略);whether(是否是否),if不能位于句首。不能位于句首。2.That he will come and help us is certain.3.Whether we will succeed is still a question.4.It is not

3、 known if he will come.注意注意:已确定的事由已确定的事由thatthat引导引导;没决定的事由没决定的事由whetherwhether引导引导.第四页，本课件共有33页3.连连接接副副词词when,where，why,how,howlong,how often,how soon,how far,how many/much等等.Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Howmuchwecanspendmustbeagreedon.2.连连接接代代词词what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,whiche

4、ver等等.Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou.Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout.第五页，本课件共有33页特殊句式特殊句式1.I hate_ whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull（MET98）A.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Ifeel_strangethatheshouldbesocareless.A./B.itC.thatD.how3.It worried her a bit _ her hair wasturninggrey.（MET92）AwhileB.thatCifDfor第六

5、页，本课件共有33页第七页，本课件共有33页同位语从句同位语从句在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用的句子叫同位语从句。的句子叫同位语从句。同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如：同一事物。如：Thefactthatsheisillshouldbeconsidered.第八页，本课件共有33页The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.同位语从句同位语从句同同位位

6、语语从从句句一一般般跟跟在在名名词词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,doubt,knowledge,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后后面面,用用以以说说明明或或解解释释前面的名词前面的名词.第九页，本课件共有33页 The Differences Between The Differences Between Appositive clauses and Attributive ClausesAppositive clauses and Attributive Cla

7、uses 怎样区别同位语从句与定语从句第十页，本课件共有33页同位语从句与定语同位语从句与定语 从句的从句的不同之处不同之处1 1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。限定前面的名词。e.g.The news that our team has won the final matchis encouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句对

8、“消息”加以限定：是你你告诉我们的告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）第十一页，本课件共有33页2 2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。词又须在从句中充当成分。e.g.1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that 不充当不充当任何成分）任何

9、成分）2)Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。），又在从句中充当主语。）第十二页，本课件共有33页高一英语语法同步辅导高一英语语法同步辅导3 3、thatthat引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故不能用不能用whichwhich替换；而替换；而thatthat引导定语从句时是引导定语从句时是代词，常可以和另一关系代词代词，常可以和另一关系代词whichwhich替换。替换。e.g.The fact that he is from Canada is

10、new to me.（that不可换为不可换为which）The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese.（第一个（第一个that可换为可换为which，第二个不，第二个不行，因为它引导的是表语从句。）行，因为它引导的是表语从句。）第十三页，本课件共有33页4 4、引导同位语从句的关联词，除、引导同位语从句的关联词，除thatthat外，还可外，还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；而定语从句不可用而定语从句不可用what,how,whetherwhat,how,whether等引导。等引导。e

11、.g.I had no idea at all what I should do next.There is no proof whether he was killed by others.第十四页，本课件共有33页同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句引导词引导词that只起连接只起连接的作用的作用不充当句子成不充当句子成分分引导词引导词that除了引导除了引导句子外还句子外还充当充当一定的一定的句子成分句子成分同位语从句与前面的同位语从句与前面的名词是名词是同位关系同位关系表示表示这个名词的内容这个名词的内容定语从句对先行词起定语从句对先行词起修饰作用，修饰作用，表示表示“的的”。同位语从

12、句的同位语从句的that一一般不能省般不能省而定语从句中的关系而定语从句中的关系代词代词that，当其在从，当其在从句中做宾语时句中做宾语时，常常省省略略一一.同位语从句注意点同位语从句注意点第十五页，本课件共有33页 PracticeI.Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能：说出下列从句的功能：A:Appositive（同位语）（同位语）;B:Attributive（定语）（定语）1.His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.2.

13、Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.4.Do you have any idea where we will be sent?5.Is this the company where your father works?6.This is the reason that he gave for his absence.7.He made an excuse th

14、at his car broke down on the way.第十六页，本课件共有33页1.The news _ another power station will be built cheered all the villagers.A which B that C what D whatever2 The news _ he told us is exciting.Which of the following is wrong?A what B C which D thatExercisesBA第十七页，本课件共有33页II.Choosethebestanswer1.Theyexpr

15、essedthehope_theywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when2.Thefact_hedidntseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what3.Ihavenoidea_hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.thatBAB第十八页，本课件共有33页4.The news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false.A.that B.when C.what D.how 5.One of t

16、he men held the view _ the book said was right.A.what that B.that which C.that what D.which that6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A.what B.whether C.that D.whichACC第十九页，本课件共有33页what与与that在引导主语从句时的区别在引导主语从句时的区别what引引导导主主语语从从句句时时在在句句时时在在从从句句中中充充当当句句子

17、子成成分分，如如主主语语、宾宾语语、表表语语，而而that则则不不然然。What引引导导的的主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如：主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如：1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveiscertain.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.Itiscertainthatsheisstillalive.第二十页，本课件共有33页第二十一页，本课件共有33页4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.5._ the

18、earth is round is known to us all.归纳：归纳：WhatThat连连词词_在在从从句句中中不不作作成成分分，不不含含有有疑疑问问意意义义，而而_在在从从句句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。中作成分，常含有疑问意义。thatwhat第二十二页，本课件共有33页1）_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.（S92)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether 高考题选萃高考题选萃第二十三页，本课件共有33页2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A.WhatB.ThatC.

19、ThefactD.Thematter3)Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.(s2002）A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.whatAA第二十四页，本课件共有33页第二十五页，本课件共有33页第二十六页，本课件共有33页第二十七页，本课件共有33页2.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 第二十八页，本课件共有33页3.These wild flow

20、ers are so special,I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever第二十九页，本课件共有33页4.It is generally considered unwise to give achild_heorshewants.（NMET97）A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever5._ leaves the room last ought toturnoffthelights.（MET88）A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who第三十页，本课件共有33页第三十一页，本课件共有33页第三十二页，本课件共有33页感谢大家观看第三十三页，本课件共有33页