英语主语从句讲解.ppt

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1、定语从句定语从句：形容词性从句在句子中起定语（形容词）的作用The book that I bought yesterday is lost.名词从句：名词从句：在句子中起名词的作用主语谓语宾语单个名词单个名词一组词构成从句（主语从句）一组词构成从句（主语从句）一组词构成从句（宾语从句）一组词构成从句（宾语从句）1主语从句；主语从句；subject（谓语之前）（谓语之前）2宾语从句；宾语从句；object（谓语之后）（谓语之后）3表语从句；表语从句；predicative（系动词之后）（系动词之后）4同位语从句同位语从句 appositive(名词之后）名词之后）引导词：引导词：That,wh

2、ether,if,who,what,where,when,why,how,whoever,whatever,.1.Whetherhewillcomeornotisaquestion2.Itisobviousthathewillwinthegame.3.ThathewillgotoLondonsurprisedus4.Thefactisthatsheneverlikedhim.5.Ihopethatyoucanpasstheexam.6.Hethoughtitstrangethatshepassedtheexam.7.Thefactthathefailedtheexamshockedus.8.W

3、howillgomakesnodifference.9.Thatiswhyhewaslateforschool.主语从句1.Whetherhewillcomeornotisaquestion2.ThathewillgotoLondonsurprisedus3.Itisobviousthathewillwinthegame.That 在句首引导的主语从句他是最好的学生，这是很明显的他是最好的学生，这是很明显的it做形式主语的主语从句做形式主语的主语从句itis+adj+引导词从句引导词从句itis+n+引导词从句引导词从句itis+Ved+引导词从句引导词从句Itisstillaquestion

4、whether/ifhewillcomeItisunknownwhichteamwillwinthegame.Itisstrangethatheshouldlikeher.Itturnedoutthat/itissaid/reported/believedthatItdoesntmatterwhetherItmustbepointedoutthat主语从句主语从句不能将不能将if放句首放句首what与与that在引导主语从句时的区别在引导主语从句时的区别what引引导导主主语语从从句句时时在在从从句句中中充充当当句句子子成成分分，如如主主语语、宾宾语语、表表语语，而而that则则不不然然。Wh

5、at引引导导的主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如：的主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如：1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveiscertain.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.Itiscertainthatsheisstillalive._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind._ the earth is round is known to us all.归纳：归纳：WhatThat连连词词_在在从从句句中中不不作作成成分分

6、，不不 含含 有有 疑疑 问问 意意 义义，而而_在从句中作成分，在从句中作成分，thatwhat1）_ you dont like him is none of mybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether 2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter高考题选萃高考题选萃宾语从句1.Ihopethatyoucanpasstheexam.2.Hethoughtitstrangethatshepassedtheexam.it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾

7、语的宾语从句我们把餐前洗手当成一个规则我们把餐前洗手当成一个规则我们觉得很奇怪你竟然喜欢他，我们觉得很奇怪你竟然喜欢他，Wemakeitarulethatweshouldwashourhandsbeforemeals.Wethinkitstrangethatyoushouldlikehim.1.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfullA.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Ifeel_strangethatheshouldbesocareless.A./B.itC.thatD.how3.Itworriedherabit_herhairwastur

8、ninggrey.AwhileB.thatCifDFor4._ need further discussion whether we will buy thehouseornot.A.ThatB.thisC.itD.thething.5.Iwillseeto_thatallthelightsareturnedoff.A.ItB.thisC./D.them.表语从句Thefactisthatsheneverlikedhim.Thatiswhyhewaslateforschool.表语从句中不用表语从句中不用if,但可以用但可以用asif引导引导Helooksasifhewasgoingtocry

9、.同位语从句同位语从句同位语位于名词的后面，补充说同位语位于名词的后面，补充说明名词的内容，同位语与其前明名词的内容，同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如：如：Thefactthatsheisillshouldbeconsidered.The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.同位语从句同位语从句同同位位语语从从句句一一般般跟跟在在名名词词fact,news,promise,truth

10、,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,doubt,knowledge,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后后面面,用用以以说说明明或或解解释前面的名词释前面的名词.The Differences Between The Differences Between Appositive clauses and Attributive ClausesAppositive clauses and Attributive Clauses 怎样区别同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的的不同之处不同之处1 1、从

11、句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。限定前面的名词。e.g.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）2 2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词

12、that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。e.g.1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.2)Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that不充当任何成分不充当任何成分,从句是个完整句子）从句是个完整句子）（that指代指代p

13、romise，又在从句中充当主语。），又在从句中充当主语。）3 3、thatthat引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故不能用不能用whichwhich替换；而替换；而thatthat引导定语从句时是引导定语从句时是代词，常可以和另一关系代词代词，常可以和另一关系代词whichwhich替换。替换。e.g.The fact that he is from Canada is new to me.The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese.（that不可换为不可换为which）（第一个（第一个that可换为

14、可换为which）4 4、引导同位语从句的关联词，除、引导同位语从句的关联词，除thatthat外，还可外，还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；而定语从句不可用而定语从句不可用what,how,whetherwhat,how,whether等引导。等引导。e.g.I had no idea at all what I should do next.There is no proof whether he was killed by others.Practice1.His proposal that we go there on foot is ac

15、ceptable.2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.4.Do you have any idea where we will be sent?5.Is this the company where your father works?6.This is the reason that he gave for his absence.7.He made a

16、n excuse that his car broke down on the way.1.The news _ another power station will be built cheered all the villagers.A which B that C what D whatever2 The news _ he told us is exciting.Which of the following is wrong?A what B C which D thatExercisesBAII.Choosethebestanswer1.Theyexpressedthehope_th

17、eywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when2.Thefact_hedidntseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what3.Ihavenoidea_hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.thatBAB4.The news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false.A.that B.when C.what D.how 5.One of the men held the view _ the b

18、ook said was right.A.what that B.that which C.that what D.which that6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A.what B.whether C.that D.whichACC_等引导的名等引导的名词性从句词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义，相当于名，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词等引导的名词性从句都性从句都含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。Whoever,whate

19、verWho,whatWhat,who VS whatever,whoever3.选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever1._ was said here must be kept secret.2._we need is more time.3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.4._ breaks the law will be punished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoever1._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth pra

20、ising.(s99)A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever高考题选萃高考题选萃2.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 3.These wild flowers are so special,I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.（NMET97）A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever5._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.（MET88）A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who