命好题-2013年安徽省中考试题.ppt

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1、命（选）好题命（选）好题-兼谈发挥交际语言测试的反拨兼谈发挥交际语言测试的反拨作用作用 杜效明杜效明 赵杰赵杰大变革的时代n第三次工业革命通讯革命，能源革命n光纤网络全息影像技术大数据云平台计算随时随地身临其境n信仰危机经济高速发展nBlendedlearningn让中国走向世界，让世界了解中国。Self-reflection n关注纸笔测试，忽略学生兴趣关注纸笔测试，忽略学生兴趣n关注读写能力，忽略听说能力关注读写能力，忽略听说能力n关注教学，忽略教育的本质意义关注教学，忽略教育的本质意义n关注考分，背离运用关注考分，背离运用原因：当前英语教学中存在的问题原因：当前英语教学中存在的问题什么是

2、命题？什么是命题？命题涉及教学过程的各个环节，不仅指命题涉及教学过程的各个环节，不仅指各类测试、考查的命题，还包括课前预各类测试、考查的命题，还包括课前预习、课堂训练、课后练习以及各种复习习、课堂训练、课后练习以及各种复习练习的命题练习的命题。命题的作用和功能命题的作用和功能n促进学生学习的手段促进学生学习的手段n提高教学质量的保证提高教学质量的保证n促进教师专业发展的途径促进教师专业发展的途径n教学评价的重要工具教学评价的重要工具怎样才能命好题怎样才能命好题目前在英语考试改革方面的进展目前在英语考试改革方面的进展在分离式测试和综合性测试的基础上，在分离式测试和综合性测试的基础上，大力引进交际

3、性测试大力引进交际性测试评估考试的标准评估考试的标准可信性可信性 reliability有效性有效性 validity可行性可行性 practicality区分性区分性discrimination真实性真实性 authenticity 后效性后效性 backwash/impactConsider:What to test?1、Which of the following can give you all kinds of telephone numbers?A.110 B.119 C.120 D.114 2、Which of the following does paper burn in?A

4、.CO2 B.N2 C.O2 D.H2如何保证效度如何保证效度：1.1.内容、难度与应试者水平的一致性。内容、难度与应试者水平的一致性。2.2.不应要求应试者某一方面的专门知识。不应要求应试者某一方面的专门知识。区分度区分度 (discrimination)(discrimination)：How well an item How well an item differentiates between students at different differentiates between students at different levels of ability.levels of ab

5、ility.区分度在区分度在+1+1与与-1-1之间。值越高，区分力越强。比较理之间。值越高，区分力越强。比较理想的是在想的是在0.40.4与与1 1之间。如果区分度为负数，说明该题之间。如果区分度为负数，说明该题语言能力强的学生做错了，语言能力差的学生反而做语言能力强的学生做错了，语言能力差的学生反而做对了，这样的题目是废题。对了，这样的题目是废题。试卷编制的一般试卷编制的一般流程流程1 1、明确考试目的：是什么性质的考试。明确考试目的：是什么性质的考试。2 2、确定考试范围：考什么，具体考哪部确定考试范围：考什么，具体考哪部分的知识，考哪些能力。分的知识，考哪些能力。3 3、制定双向细目表

6、：确定题型、题量以制定双向细目表：确定题型、题量以及编排试题的顺序。及编排试题的顺序。4 4、确定试题：依据双向细目表精心编制确定试题：依据双向细目表精心编制及精选适当的考题。及精选适当的考题。5 5、审查修改试题：整份试卷编制完成后，需要审查修改试题：整份试卷编制完成后，需要认真审查、修改、调整考题。认真审查、修改、调整考题。6 6、试答试题内容：教师独立试答试题内容：教师独立地地将全卷认真地将全卷认真地做做一遍，以再次把握试题的难度和题量，同时一遍，以再次把握试题的难度和题量，同时防止出现科学性错误。一般留给学生的答题防止出现科学性错误。一般留给学生的答题时间应该是教师答题时间的时间应该是

7、教师答题时间的 2 23 3 倍。倍。7 7、制定评分标准：使各试题的分数合理分配。制定评分标准：使各试题的分数合理分配。试题编制的基本知识试题编制的基本知识一、试题构成的要素一、试题构成的要素 不论什么类型的试题，皆由不论什么类型的试题，皆由立意、情境、设问和答立意、情境、设问和答案与评分参考案与评分参考四个要素构成。四个要素构成。（一）立意（一）立意 立意反映考查目的，是试题的核心或主题。包括立意反映考查目的，是试题的核心或主题。包括知知识与能力识与能力。对立意的具体要求是：。对立意的具体要求是：1、立意要正确实现考试目的，体现能力考查的主旨；、立意要正确实现考试目的，体现能力考查的主旨；

8、2、立意要准确，每题的考查目标应独立、完整；、立意要准确，每题的考查目标应独立、完整；3、立意要重点突出，考查目标要有层次和相关性。、立意要重点突出，考查目标要有层次和相关性。（二）情境（二）情境 情境是实现立意的材料和介质。其关系着立情境是实现立意的材料和介质。其关系着立意表达的程度。在试题中对情境设置的要求是：意表达的程度。在试题中对情境设置的要求是：1、服从立意，根据立意的要求剪裁、选择有关、服从立意，根据立意的要求剪裁、选择有关的知识内容，尽量避免无用信息；的知识内容，尽量避免无用信息；2、根据考生的生活经验和理解程度设计情境；、根据考生的生活经验和理解程度设计情境；3、情境科学、可信

9、；、情境科学、可信；4、情境新颖，有相当的信息量和一定深度。、情境新颖，有相当的信息量和一定深度。（三）设问（三）设问 设问是试题的呈现形式。其关系着立意实现设问是试题的呈现形式。其关系着立意实现的程度。对设问的具体要求是：的程度。对设问的具体要求是：1、围绕立意、根据情境选编设问；、围绕立意、根据情境选编设问；2、设问针对重点内容并涵盖其他内容；、设问针对重点内容并涵盖其他内容；3、设问方式新颖、巧妙、灵活；、设问方式新颖、巧妙、灵活；4、设问语言准确、简明、通俗。、设问语言准确、简明、通俗。（四）答案与评分参考（四）答案与评分参考1、选择题答案要唯一，具有排他性；、选择题答案要唯一，具有排

10、他性；2、答案与评分参考的关系要一致；、答案与评分参考的关系要一致；3、评分参考的要求。、评分参考的要求。2013年年安徽省初中毕业学业考试安徽省初中毕业学业考试英英 语语（试题卷）（试题卷）（一）听力（一）听力 考查考生对口头语言材料的理解能力以考查考生对口头语言材料的理解能力以及从口头语言材料中获取信息的能力。及从口头语言材料中获取信息的能力。听力材料应具有听力材料应具有明显的口语特征明显的口语特征，听起，听起来自然真实。题材分布广泛，涉及来自然真实。题材分布广泛，涉及英语英语国家日常生活的方方面面国家日常生活的方方面面。听力部分选材的原则：听力部分选材的原则：n材料的多样性。材料的多样性

11、。n语言材料中没有任何生词。语言材料中没有任何生词。n材料形式与内容的真实性，有明显口语材料形式与内容的真实性，有明显口语特点。特点。1.听句子，选关键词语。要求学生能听懂句子的大意，并捕捉到句子要求学生能听懂句子的大意，并捕捉到句子里的关键词及其准确读音。里的关键词及其准确读音。2.听短对话，选图片或答案。通过听一个轮回的对话，考查学生捕捉细节通过听一个轮回的对话，考查学生捕捉细节信息以及信息转换能力、理解和判断能力。信息以及信息转换能力、理解和判断能力。3.听长对话，选答案。通过听多个轮回的对话，考查学生对谈话通过听多个轮回的对话，考查学生对谈话的主题以及对主要信息的获取能力。的主题以及对

12、主要信息的获取能力。4.听短文，选答案。通过听简短独白，要求学生在理解主旨大意的基通过听简短独白，要求学生在理解主旨大意的基础上，捕捉主要信息，并作出合理的判断和推理。础上，捕捉主要信息，并作出合理的判断和推理。5.听短文或对话，写信息。通过听对话或独白，考查学生对听力材料中事实通过听对话或独白，考查学生对听力材料中事实性、具体性信息的获取与处理能力，进而用这些性、具体性信息的获取与处理能力，进而用这些材料中的关键信息填表格。材料中的关键信息填表格。.关键词语选择 你将听到五个句子。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个你所听到的单词或短语。每个句子读两遍。1.Could you ple

13、ase get me some water?Im thirsty.2.If you dont mind,lets make it a little earlier.3.This is Mr.Green,manager of our company.4.American English is different from British English.5.Never put off what you can do today until tomorrow!1.A.water B.wood C.wheat2.A.arrive B.find C.mind3.A.stranger B.worker

14、C.manager4.A.simple B.different C.difficult5.A.put off B.talk about C.think of短对话理解你将听到十段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。请每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。6.W:Can I help you,sir?M:Yes,please.Id like a football for my son.7.W:How do you go home every Spring Festival?M:By bus.My hometown is not far from here.8.W:Whos t

15、his in the picture,Peter?M:Oh,thats my brother.Hes a doctor in No.3 Hospital.9.W:Which season of the year do you like best,Tim?M:I like spring the best.Everything begins to grow at that time.10.W:What are you doing,Steve?M:Im trying to draw a fish.Our teacher asked us to do it.6.What does the man wa

16、nt to buy?A.B.C.7.How does the man go to his hometown every year?A.B.C.8.What is Peters brother?A.B.C.n 9.Which is Tims favorite season?A.B.C.10.What did the teacher ask the students to draw?A.B.C.11.W:I have bought lunch,so we can eat in the park.M:Thats great.Itll be more fun.12.M:Hi,Mary.You look

17、 so happy.W:Yeah.Ive won the first prize in the dance show.13.W:Sam,did you drive to the town last Sunday?M:No,I stayed at home and helped my dad clean our yard.14.W:Id like to buy five stamps and three postcards.M:Thatll be four dollars.15.W:What about going on a picnic?M:In such weather?You must b

18、e joking!11.Where are they going to eat their lunch?A.In the park.B.In the restaurant.C.In the office.12.Why does Mary look so happy?A.Because today is her birthday.B.Because shes won the first prize.C.Because shes passed the exam.13.What did Sam do last Sunday?A.Went to the town.B.Visited his dad.C

19、.Cleaned the yard.14.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.In a library.B.In a post office.C.In a bank.15.What does the man mean?A.He likes going on a picnic in autumn.B.He wont go on a picnic in bad weather.C.He wants to go on a picnic with the woman.长对话理解长对话理解你将听到两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题。你将听到两段

20、对话，每段对话后有几个小题。请在每小题所给的请在每小题所给的A A、B B、C C三个选项中选出一个三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第16至17小题。W:Hello?M:Hi,Maggie.This is John.Im calling from Australia.W:Australia?M:Im at a meeting in Sydney.Remember?W:Oh,right.What time is it there?M:Its 10:00 pm.And its four oclock there in Los Angeles

21、.Right?W:Yes four oclock in the morning.M:4:00 in the morning?Oh,Im really sorry.W:Thats OK.Im awakenow.16.What does John go to Australia for?A.To have a meeting.B.To see Maggie.C.To take a vacation.17.What time is it in Los Angeles when they are calling?A.4:00 am.B.10:00 am.C.10:00 pm.听下面一段对话，回答第18

22、至20小题。W:Sir,I think Ive finished the form.M:Good.Let me have a look.Family name,first name,job,birth date,phone number.OK,very good.But you missed the address.W:I dont have an address in Canada yet.M:Then tell me your reason for this trip.W:To visit my son.M:Fine.Are you staying at your sons home?W:

23、Yes.M:So just put in your sons address.18.What did the woman fail to write in the form?A.Name.B.Phone number.C.Address.19.Who did the woman come to visit?A.Her mother.B.Her teacher.C.Her son.20.Whats the possible relationship between the two speakers?A.Teacher and student.B.Officer and passenger.C.H

24、usband and wife.短文理解 你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。Three reporters from the same newspaper are now reporting an important meeting.One day,during their lunch break,they walk along a beach and find a very old oil lamp.One of them picks it up and cleans it carefully.Suddenly

25、 a magic girl appears in a light smoke.She says,“Now each of you can have one wish.”So the first reporter says,“I want a big house in the mountain.There are beautiful sights around it.”Poof!The man is gone to his home in the mountain.The second one says,“I want to live in a big house in the countrys

26、ide with a beautiful garden.Then I can sit there and write for the rest of my life.”Poof!Hes gone.Finally the girl asks the last one,“And whats your wish?”“I want those two men to be back at once.We have to finish our report tonight.”21.What are the three men?A.Businessmen.B.Reporters.C.Singers.22.W

27、here do they go at noon?A.Go to the beach.B.Go to the meeting room.C.Go to the mountain.23.What do they find over there?A.A magic stick.B.An old oil lamp.C.An old house.24.What does the first man want?A.A beautiful garden near the sea.B.A big house in the countryside.C.A big house in the mountain.25

28、.What do you think would happen at last?A.Those two persons are back.B.They all enjoy the rest of their lives.C.The third person is gone to his big house.信息转换 你将听到一篇短文。请根据短文内容，写出下面表格中所缺的单词，每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。Hello,everyone.Im Gary.This is just a quick note to tell you that well have a basketball competiti

29、on with a team from St.Pauls High School.The competition will be held in 4 weeks,on July 20th.Therell be ten members in the team,and well need to train hard over the next few weeks.I think we should practice at least three times a week to help us prepare for it.Is anyone interested in being part of

30、the team?If you are,and youve got time to take part in the training,please let me know.You can go to the gym to find me,or you can call the number 6322 9845.Thats all for now.A quick noteSubjectA 26 competition.DateThe competition will be held on 27 20th.Things to doTherell be 28 members in the team

31、.Before the competition,the team should practice at least three times a 29 .Ways to contact(联系方式)You can go to the 30 to find Gary,or call the number:6322 9845.关键词语选择关键词语选择 你将听到五个句子。请在每小题所给的你将听到五个句子。请在每小题所给的A A、B B、C C三个选项中选出一个你所听到的单词或短语。每三个选项中选出一个你所听到的单词或短语。每个句子读两遍。个句子读两遍。1.Rosewantstohaveabustript

32、o1.RosewantstohaveabustriptoShanghaithissummer.Shanghaithissummer.2.Didtheywatchthevolleyballgame2.Didtheywatchthevolleyballgameyesterdayafternoon?yesterdayafternoon?3.Itsimportanttokeepsafewhenyouare3.Itsimportanttokeepsafewhenyouareswimming.swimming.4.Youarenotallowedtoenterthecinema4.Youarenotall

33、owedtoenterthecinemawithoutaticket.withoutaticket.5.Remembertoturnoffthelightsbefore5.Remembertoturnoffthelightsbeforeleavingtheclassroom.leavingtheclassroom.1.A.tradeB.tripC.train2.A.warnB.washC.watch3.A.softB.safeC.same4.A.ticketB.basketC.present5.A.keepoffB.getoffC.turnoff短对话理解短对话理解你将听到十段对话，每段对话后

34、有一个小题。请你将听到十段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。请每小题所给的每小题所给的A A、B B、C C三个选项中选出一个最佳选三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。项。每段对话读两遍。6.W:How nice the food is!6.W:How nice the food is!M:Dont you know Im the best cook?M:Dont you know Im the best cook?7.W:The sky is clear and blue!Go horse riding with 7.W:The sky is clear and blue!Go horse

35、 riding with me?me?M:Id like to.But I have to make a speech this M:Id like to.But I have to make a speech this morning.morning.8.W:Tom,you forgot to write down the year of your 8.W:Tom,you forgot to write down the year of your birth in the form.birth in the form.M:Oh,sorry.I was born in 1998,the yea

36、r of tiger.M:Oh,sorry.I was born in 1998,the year of tiger.9.W:You are going skating this Saturday?9.W:You are going skating this Saturday?M:No,Im going to play baseball with my friends.M:No,Im going to play baseball with my friends.10.W:What are you doing?10.W:What are you doing?M:Im looking for my

37、 watch.Have you seen it?M:Im looking for my watch.Have you seen it?6.What is the mans job?7.What is the man going to do?8.Which animal is mentioned in the conversation?A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.10.What is the man looking for?9.What sport will the man do this Saturday?A.B.C.A.B.C.11.W:CanIparkthecarbytheroad

38、,sir?11.W:CanIparkthecarbytheroad,sir?M:Sorry.YoucanturnleftandparkitbehindM:Sorry.Youcanturnleftandparkitbehindthebuilding.thebuilding.12.W:Hi,Jim.Youlookstrongerthanbefore.12.W:Hi,Jim.Youlookstrongerthanbefore.M:Yes.IrideabiketoworkinsteadofdrivingM:Yes.Irideabiketoworkinsteadofdrivingthesedays.th

39、esedays.13.W:Doyouthinkyourdailyworkisboring?13.W:Doyouthinkyourdailyworkisboring?M:Boring?No,itsinteresting.M:Boring?No,itsinteresting.14.W:Allthesweatersare20dollarseach.14.W:Allthesweatersare20dollarseach.M:OK.Illtaketwo,agreenoneandayellowone.M:OK.Illtaketwo,agreenoneandayellowone.15.W:Excuseme,

40、whereistheHistoryMuseum?15.W:Excuseme,whereistheHistoryMuseum?M:Getoffatthenextstop.ItsjustacrosstheM:Getoffatthenextstop.Itsjustacrossthestreet.street.11.Wherecanthewomanparkthecar?11.Wherecanthewomanparkthecar?A.Bytheroad.B.Inthebuilding.C.Behindthebuilding.A.Bytheroad.B.Inthebuilding.C.Behindtheb

41、uilding.12.Howdoesthemangotoworkthesedays?12.Howdoesthemangotoworkthesedays?A.Bycar.B.Bytaxi.A.Bycar.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybike.C.Bybike.13.Whatdoesthemanmean?13.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Helikeshisjob.B.Hehateshisjob.A.Helikeshisjob.B.Hehateshisjob.C.Heoftenlosesjobs.C.Heoftenlosesjobs.14.Howmuchwillthemanpay?14

42、.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$20.A.$20.B.$40.B.$40.C.$60.C.$60.15.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?15.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Inthestreet.C.Inamuseum.A.Onabus.B.Inthestreet.C.Inamuseum.长对话理解长对话理解你将听到两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题。你将听到两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题。请在每小题所给的请在每小题所给的A A、B B、C C三个选项中

43、选出一个三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第听下面一段对话，回答第1616至至1717小题。小题。W:Whataheavyrain!WedbetterwaituntilW:Whataheavyrain!Wedbetterwaituntilitstops.itstops.M:Itseemsthatitwontstopforawhile.M:Itseemsthatitwontstopforawhile.Letstakeataxihome.Letstakeataxihome.W:Buttaxisarehardtofindduringtherus

44、hW:Buttaxisarehardtofindduringtherushhour.hour.M:Thenwhatcanwedo?M:Thenwhatcanwedo?W:WhynotgobacktodosomemoreW:Whynotgobacktodosomemoreshopping?shopping?M:Idrathernot.HowabouthavingadrinkM:Idrathernot.Howabouthavingadrinkinthecoffeeshop?inthecoffeeshop?W:Soundsgood.Letsgo.W:Soundsgood.Letsgo.16.What

45、istheweatherlike?16.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Rainy.A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Windy.B.Cloudy.C.Windy.17.Whatwilltheydointheend?17.Whatwilltheydointheend?A.Theylltakeataxi.A.Theylltakeataxi.B.Theyllhaveadrink.B.Theyllhaveadrink.C.Theylldoshopping.C.Theylldoshopping.听下面一段对话，回答第听下面一段对话，回答第1818至至2020小题。小题。W:Hello

46、.IsthatMr.White?W:Hello.IsthatMr.White?M:Yes,speaking.M:Yes,speaking.W:Hello,Mr.White.IdliketohaveaninterviewwithW:Hello,Mr.White.Idliketohaveaninterviewwithyou,ifpossible.you,ifpossible.M:Sorry,Illhaveameetingat3oclockthisafternoon.M:Sorry,Illhaveameetingat3oclockthisafternoon.W:Itwonttakeyoulong.H

47、alfanhourwilldo.W:Itwonttakeyoulong.Halfanhourwilldo.M:Well,whenandwhereshallwemeet?M:Well,whenandwhereshallwemeet?W:HowaboutinSunshineTeaHouseat1oclock?W:HowaboutinSunshineTeaHouseat1oclock?M:Allright.Whereistheteahouse?M:Allright.Whereistheteahouse?W:ItsonW:ItsonZhongshanZhongshanRoad,neartheBanko

48、fChina.Road,neartheBankofChina.M:Iknowthatplace.Illbethereontime.M:Iknowthatplace.Illbethereontime.18.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?18.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Tohaveameeting.A.Tohaveameeting.B.Tobuysometea.B.Tobuysometea.C.TointerviewMr.White.C.TointerviewMr.White.19.Whattimearetheygoingtomeet?19.What

49、timearetheygoingtomeet?A.At1pm.A.At1pm.B.At2pm.B.At2pm.C.At3pm.C.At3pm.20.Wherearetheygoingtomeet?20.Wherearetheygoingtomeet?A.InMr.Whitesoffice.A.InMr.Whitesoffice.B.AttheBankofChina.B.AttheBankofChina.C.InSunshineTeaHouse.C.InSunshineTeaHouse.短文理解短文理解 你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容，在每小题

50、所给的题。请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A A、B B、C C三三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。Oneday,anoldladywaswalkingalongtheOneday,anoldladywaswalkingalongtheroadwithabag.Shewasgoingtodosomeroadwithabag.Shewasgoingtodosomeshopping.Suddenly,shefoundsomebrokenshopping.Suddenly,shefoundsomebrokenpiecesofglassontheroad.Sh