高考英语 第4讲Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课件 新人教必修3.ppt

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1、Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 2021/8/11 星期三1美文佳句Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句诵美文诵美文下图描述的是全球环境问题。请仔细观察这幅漫画，用英语下图描述的是全球环境问题。请仔细观察这幅漫画，用英语写一篇短文，阐明漫画中所反映的问题，并提出解决此问题的方写一篇短文，阐明漫画中所反映的问题，并提出解决此问题的方法法(至少三点至少三点)。2021/8/11 星期三2Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句注意：注意：1 1仔细品味图中文字的韵味，可以适当发挥

2、想象，不要做仔细品味图中文字的韵味，可以适当发挥想象，不要做简单描述；简单描述；2 2词数词数120120左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数；左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数；3 3作文作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。From the picture,we From the picture,we can see can see that_that_2021/8/11 星期三3Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句From the picture,we can see that pollution is From the picture,we can see tha

3、t pollution is posing a threat to our earth,which comes in many ways.posing a threat to our earth,which comes in many ways.Millions of chimneys of the factories are pouring heavy Millions of chimneys of the factories are pouring heavy smoke into air,which causes serious air pollution.smoke into air,

4、which causes serious air pollution.A A large amount of waste water from the factories pollutes large amount of waste water from the factories pollutes water,making our rivers fishless and our water unfit to water,making our rivers fishless and our water unfit to drink and swim in.drink and swim in.F

5、urthermore,a lot of trees have been Furthermore,a lot of trees have been cut down without proper plans,which contributes to the cut down without proper plans,which contributes to the soil being washed away.It seems that we really have no soil being washed away.It seems that we really have no clean p

6、lace to live in.clean place to live in.2021/8/11 星期三4Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句The pollution is so serious that we have to find The pollution is so serious that we have to find effective solutions to it.As far as I am concerned,the effective solutions to it.As far as I am concerned,the government should make l

7、aws to reduce polluted air.Some government should make laws to reduce polluted air.Some measures should be taken to purify the water before it measures should be taken to purify the water before it is poured into the rivers or the seas.We should plant is poured into the rivers or the seas.We should

8、plant more trees to keep the soil in place.Whats more,more trees to keep the soil in place.Whats more,people should be further educated to realize the people should be further educated to realize the importance of environmental protection.Thus,we will importance of environmental protection.Thus,we w

9、ill have a clean and tidy environment.have a clean and tidy environment.2021/8/11 星期三5Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句背佳句背佳句1 1From the picture,we can see that pollution is posing From the picture,we can see that pollution is posing a threat to our earth,which comes in many ways.a threat to our earth,which comes in

10、many ways.从图从图中我们可以看到，污染从方方面面构成了对我们地球的威胁。中我们可以看到，污染从方方面面构成了对我们地球的威胁。赏析赏析 该句是图画作文的万能开篇句，用现在进行时形象地该句是图画作文的万能开篇句，用现在进行时形象地描述了图画的内容，为了提高句子的表达档次，还使用了一描述了图画的内容，为了提高句子的表达档次，还使用了一个个whichwhich引导的非限制性定语从句。引导的非限制性定语从句。2021/8/11 星期三6Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句2 2A large amount of waste water from the factories A large amou

11、nt of waste water from the factories pollutes water,making our rivers fishless and our pollutes water,making our rivers fishless and our water unfit to drink and swim in.water unfit to drink and swim in.工厂排出的大量废水污工厂排出的大量废水污染了水源，使我们的河流里没有了鱼，我们的水不能饮用也不染了水源，使我们的河流里没有了鱼，我们的水不能饮用也不能在里面游泳。能在里面游泳。赏析赏析 该句使用

12、了现在分词短语做结果状语，生动地描绘了污该句使用了现在分词短语做结果状语，生动地描绘了污染的严重后果。染的严重后果。3 3The pollution is so serious that we have to find The pollution is so serious that we have to find effective solutions to it.effective solutions to it.污染是如此严重，以致我们必须污染是如此严重，以致我们必须找到行之有效的解决方案。找到行之有效的解决方案。赏析赏析 该句使用了该句使用了“sothat”“sothat”结构，结构，

13、thatthat引导的是结果状语引导的是结果状语从句。从句。2021/8/11 星期三7Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句4 4Whats more,people should be further educated to Whats more,people should be further educated to realize the importance of environmental protection.realize the importance of environmental protection.此外，应该进一步教育人们，使其意识到环境保护的重要性。此外，应该进一步教育人们，

14、使其意识到环境保护的重要性。赏析赏析 该句使用了含有情态动词的被动语态，使用了该句使用了含有情态动词的被动语态，使用了“educate sb.to do sth.”“educate sb.to do sth.”结构的被动语态。结构的被动语态。2021/8/11 星期三8Unit 4 课前热身课前热身课前热身.单词拼写单词拼写1 1What are the differences between the American and What are the differences between the American and British _(British _(制度制度)of the go

15、vernment?)of the government?2 2A number of gases forms the _(A number of gases forms the _(大气大气)3 3Her school report shows that she is weak at/in Her school report shows that she is weak at/in arithmetic and _(arithmetic and _(生物学生物学)4 4If you are in trouble,do you believe God e_If you are in troubl

16、e,do you believe God e_?5 5We should not only know the t_ but also how to We should not only know the t_ but also how to apply it in practice.apply it in practice.systemssystemsatmosphereatmospherebiologybiologyxistsxistsheoryheory2021/8/11 星期三9Unit 4 课前热身课前热身6 6He spent the whole afternoon _(He spe

17、nt the whole afternoon _(拔拔)weeds in)weeds in the garden.the garden.7._(7._(不同于不同于)his brother,he works hard and makes)his brother,he works hard and makes much progress.much progress.8 8There is a v_ wind outside and the snow is so There is a v_ wind outside and the snow is so heavy.heavy.9 9What _(

18、What _(使困惑使困惑)me most is why they doesnt show)me most is why they doesnt show up.up.1010It is h_ to your health to drink too much It is h_ to your health to drink too much alcohol.alcohol.pullingpullingUnlikeUnlikeiolentiolentpuzzlespuzzlesarmfularmful2021/8/11 星期三10Unit 4 课前热身课前热身.完成短语完成短语1 1下蛋下蛋 _

19、eggs _eggs2 2密切注视；当心；提防密切注视；当心；提防 watch _ watch _3 3既然既然 _that _that4 4产生；分娩产生；分娩 give _to give _to5 5及时；迟早及时；迟早 _ time _ time6 6阻止；制止阻止；制止 prevent _ prevent _7 7感到高兴、振奋感到高兴、振奋 cheer _ cheer _8 8突发；爆发突发；爆发 break _ break _laylayoutoutnownowbirthbirthininfromfromupupoutout2021/8/11 星期三11Unit 4 课前热身课前热

20、身.完成句子完成句子1 1谢天谢地，医生终于及时赶到了这里。谢天谢地，医生终于及时赶到了这里。Thank God.The doctor_.Thank God.The doctor_.2 2医生们正想方设法防止癌细胞扩散。医生们正想方设法防止癌细胞扩散。The doctors are making an The doctors are making an attempt_.attempt_.3 3很明显他昨天没有说实话。很明显他昨天没有说实话。_he didnt tell the truth yesterday._he didnt tell the truth yesterday.arrived

21、arrived herehere justjust inin timetimetoto preventprevent cancercancer cellscells fromfrom spreadingspreadingItIt waswas obviousobvious thatthat2021/8/11 星期三12Unit 4 课前热身课前热身4 4既然大家都到了，咱们开始上课吧。既然大家都到了，咱们开始上课吧。_,_,we can begin our class.we can begin our class.5 5这场雨使我们走远路很困难。这场雨使我们走远路很困难。The rain _l

22、ong The rain _long distances.distances.NowNow thatthat everyoneeveryone isis hereheremademade itit difficultdifficult forfor usus toto walkwalk2021/8/11 星期三13单词点睛Unit 4 单词点睛单词点睛1 1unlikeunlikeprepprep.不同；不像不同；不像 like like prepprep.像，如像，如 unlikely unlikely adjadj.不太可能的不太可能的 alike alike adjadj.相似的，同样的

23、相似的，同样的 something like something like 几分像几分像 Its like/unlike sb to do sth Its like/unlike sb to do sth 做某事实在像做某事实在像/不像某人不像某人2021/8/11 星期三14Unit 4 单词点睛单词点睛【温馨提示】【温馨提示】unlike unlike为介词，意为为介词，意为“与与不同，不像不同，不像”；而；而dislikedislike则为动则为动词，意为词，意为“不喜欢不喜欢”，通常用作及物动词。，通常用作及物动词。【活学活用】【活学活用】(1)(1)与约翰不同，汤姆不喜欢踢足球。与约

24、翰不同，汤姆不喜欢踢足球。_._.(2)(2)连招呼都不打这不像你。连招呼都不打这不像你。_._.UnlikeUnlike John,John,Tom Tom dislikesdislikes playingplaying footballfootballItIt s s unlikeunlike youyou notnot toto saysay hellohello2021/8/11 星期三15Unit 4 单词点睛单词点睛2 2existexistvivi.存在；生存存在；生存 exist on(exist on(live on)sthlive on)sth 靠某物生存靠某物生存 exi

25、stence existence n n.存在；实有存在；实有 come into existence come into existence 产生；存在产生；存在 in existence in existence 现存的；现有的现存的；现有的【活学活用】【活学活用】1 1同义句转换同义句转换(1)This new country came into being in 1951.(1)This new country came into being in 1951.This new country _in 1951.This new country _in 1951.camecame int

26、ointo existenceexistence2021/8/11 星期三16Unit 4 单词点睛单词点睛(2)Water has three states:gas,liquid and solid.(2)Water has three states:gas,liquid and solid.Water _three states:gas,liquid and solid.Water _three states:gas,liquid and solid.2 2根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子(1)(1)没有空气，人就活不了。没有空气，人就活不了。A man _ without air

27、.A man _ without air.(2)(2)你相信上帝的存在吗？你相信上帝的存在吗？Do you believe in _ Do you believe in _?existsexists inincancan t t existexistthethe existenceexistence ofof GodGod2021/8/11 星期三17Unit 4 单词点睛单词点睛3 3puzzlepuzzlen n谜；难题谜；难题vtvt.&.&vivi.(.(使使)迷惑；迷惑；(使使)为难为难 puzzled puzzled adjadj.(被被)迷惑的；不解的迷惑的；不解的 puzzli

28、ng puzzling adjadj.令人迷惑的令人迷惑的 be in a puzzle be in a puzzle 不知如何是好不知如何是好 be in a puzzle about be in a puzzle about 对对迷惑不解迷惑不解 be puzzled by be puzzled by 被被迷惑迷惑 puzzle over/about puzzle over/about 苦苦思考苦苦思考 puzzle ones brain puzzle ones brain 苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁2021/8/11 星期三18Unit 4 单词点睛单词点睛【温馨提示】【温馨提

29、示】puzzled puzzled意为意为“迷惑的，不解的迷惑的，不解的”，往往用于指人或人的表情、，往往用于指人或人的表情、脸色等；脸色等；puzzlingpuzzling意为意为“令人迷惑的，让人不解的令人迷惑的，让人不解的”，往往指物。，往往指物。【活学活用】【活学活用】(1)_(1)_(令我百思不解的令我百思不解的)is why they doesnt )is why they doesnt answer it.answer it.(2)Although the teacher has explained the problem three (2)Although the teache

30、r has explained the problem three times,I _(times,I _(还是对那个题迷还是对那个题迷惑不解惑不解)WhatWhat puzzlespuzzles memeamam stillstill inin a a puzzlepuzzle aboutabout itit2021/8/11 星期三19Unit 4 单词点睛单词点睛4 4pullpulln n&vtvt.拉拉(力力)；拖；牵引力；拖；牵引力 pull back pull back 拉回来；缩回；使后退拉回来；缩回；使后退 pull down pull down 拉下拉下(窗帘等窗帘等)；拆

31、毁；拆掉；拆毁；拆掉(房屋等房屋等)pull out pull out 拔出；拔出；(列车等列车等)驶出，出站，启程驶出，出站，启程 pull in (pull in (列车等列车等)驶进，到达驶进，到达(车站车站)pull together pull together 齐心协力，团结起来齐心协力，团结起来2021/8/11 星期三20Unit 4 单词点睛单词点睛【活学活用】【活学活用】(1)(1)她去园子里拔了几颗葱头准备做饭。她去园子里拔了几颗葱头准备做饭。She went into the garden _ for She went into the garden _ for dinn

32、er.dinner.(2)(2)如果我们齐心协力，我们可以用一半的时间完成这项任务。如果我们齐心协力，我们可以用一半的时间完成这项任务。_,_,we can accomplish the task in we can accomplish the task in half the time.half the time.toto pullpull a a fewfew onionsonionsIfIf wewe pullpull togethertogether2021/8/11 星期三21Unit 4 短语储存短语储存短语储存1 1in timein time迟早迟早(sooner or la

33、ter)(sooner or later)；最后；最后(eventually)(eventually)；及时；及时(early or soon enough)early or soon enough)on time on time准时准时 ahead of time ahead of time 提前，提早提前，提早 all the time all the time 一直；始终一直；始终 at one time at one time 曾经，一度曾经，一度 at a time at a time 每次，逐一每次，逐一 from time to time from time to time 有时

34、，偶尔有时，偶尔 in no time in no time 立刻；马上立刻；马上 time and time again time and time again 一次又一次；一再一次又一次；一再 2021/8/11 星期三22Unit 4 短语储存短语储存【活学活用】【活学活用】(1)If you keep on,_(1)If you keep on,_(你终究会你终究会成功的成功的)(2)Dont all speak at once!_(2)Dont all speak at once!_(一次一个一次一个人讲人讲),please.),please.youyou llll succeeds

35、ucceed inin timetimeOneOne atat a a timetime2021/8/11 星期三23Unit 4 短语储存短语储存2 2preventfrom preventfrom 阻止；制止阻止；制止 prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事 protectfrom protectfrom 保护保护不受不受侵袭；挡住；防御侵袭；挡住；防御【温馨提示】【温馨提示】(1)(1)在主动语态中，在主动语态中，stopstop和和preventprev

36、ent的搭配中可省去的搭配中可省去fromfrom；而；而keep keep sb/sth fromsb/sth from意为意为“阻止阻止，使免于，使免于”，fromfrom不可省略。不可省略。若在被动语态里，这三个搭配中的若在被动语态里，这三个搭配中的fromfrom均不可省略。均不可省略。2021/8/11 星期三24Unit 4 短语储存短语储存(2)keepdoing sth(2)keepdoing sth意为意为“使使一直做某事一直做某事”。【活学活用】【活学活用】(1)Doctors took action to (1)Doctors took action to _(_(防止防

37、止这种疾病的蔓延这种疾病的蔓延)(2)Of course I cant _(2)Of course I cant _(阻止阻止)your going)your going abroad.abroad.(3)(3)警察阻止他们携带武器。警察阻止他们携带武器。The police _ The police _ weapons.weapons.They They _weapons._weapons.preventprevent/stopstop/keepkeep thethe diseasedisease fromfrom spreadingspreadingpreventprevent/stops

38、toppreventedprevented/stoppedstopped/keptkept themthem fromfrom carryingcarryingwerewere preventedprevented/stoppedstopped/keptkept fromfrom carryingcarrying2021/8/11 星期三25Unit 4 短语储存短语储存3 3cheer upcheer up高兴起来；振作精神高兴起来；振作精神 cheer sb on cheer sb on(比赛中比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油 cheer the victory c

39、heer the victory 为胜利而欢呼为胜利而欢呼 Cheers!Cheers!口语口语(用于祝酒用于祝酒)干杯！干杯！【活学活用】【活学活用】(1)(1)这消息使他高兴起来。这消息使他高兴起来。The news _.The news _.(2)(2)振作起来！我们的困难很快就会过去。振作起来！我们的困难很快就会过去。_!_!Our troubles will soon be over.Our troubles will soon be over.cheeredcheered himhim upupCheerCheer upup2021/8/11 星期三26Unit 4 短语储存短语储

40、存4 4now thatnow that既然；由于既然；由于 in that(in that(相当于相当于because,as)because,as)因为，由于因为，由于 in that case in that case 假如那样的话假如那样的话 not thatbut that not thatbut that 不是因为不是因为而是因为；而是因为；非非而是而是【相关拓展】【相关拓展】表示原因的短语还有：表示原因的短语还有：due to due to起因于；归功于起因于；归功于 because of because of 因为因为(在句中作状语或表语在句中作状语或表语)2021/8/11 星

41、期三27Unit 4 短语储存短语储存 on account of on account of 为了为了的缘故的缘故 owing to owing tobecause of/due tobecause of/due to由于；因为由于；因为 thanks to thanks to 由于；多亏由于；多亏【温馨提示】【温馨提示】now that(now that(相当于相当于since)since)是连词词组，用来引导原因状语从句，是连词词组，用来引导原因状语从句，口语中经常省略口语中经常省略thatthat，只用，只用nownow，这时，这时nownow已经失去了已经失去了“现在现在”的的含义。

42、含义。【活学活用】【活学活用】(1)_(1)_(既然你已既然你已经经 完成了工作完成了工作),you may go now.),you may go now.(2)He didnt attend the negotiation,(2)He didnt attend the negotiation,_(_(因为他病了因为他病了)SinceSince/NowNow thatthat youyou havehave finishedfinished youryour workworkbecausebecause/forfor hehe isis illill2021/8/11 星期三28Unit 4

43、 短语储存短语储存5 5break outbreak out突发，爆发突发，爆发 break away from break away from 脱离脱离(党派党派)；摆脱；摆脱(控制控制)break down break down 毁掉；坏掉；毁掉；坏掉；(计划计划/谈判谈判)失败失败 break up break up 打碎；拆散；打碎；拆散；(会议会议)结束；分裂结束；分裂(解体解体)break off (break off (使使)停止；中断；折断停止；中断；折断 break into break into 强行进入强行进入 watch out watch out 密切注视；当心密切注

44、视；当心(单独用于祈使句单独用于祈使句)；提防；提防 watch out for watch out for 密切注意，留意；提防密切注意，留意；提防 wear out wear out 磨损；用坏磨损；用坏 work out work out 计算出计算出(答案、数量等答案、数量等)；设法弄懂；设法弄懂2021/8/11 星期三29Unit 4 短语储存短语储存【活学活用】【活学活用】用以上所列短语的适当形式完成句子用以上所列短语的适当形式完成句子(1)You can _the answer by adding all the numbers.(1)You can _the answer b

45、y adding all the numbers.(2)My camera batteries_.We cant use it to (2)My camera batteries_.We cant use it to take photos now.take photos now.(3)Several fights _ last night.(3)Several fights _ last night.(4)_for the tall man.Hes a thief.(4)_for the tall man.Hes a thief.workwork outouthavehave wornwor

46、n outoutbrokebroke outoutWatchWatch outout2021/8/11 星期三30Unit 4 句型透视句型透视句型透视句型透视But when I tried to step forward I found,I was carried But when I tried to step forward I found,I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.twice as far as on the earth and fell over.倍数倍数asas形容词形容词/副词副词asas【

47、句式分析】【句式分析】该句型表示该句型表示“是是的几倍的几倍”，该句型也可用，该句型也可用half,half,onefourthonefourth等词，表示等词，表示“是是的一半的一半/几分之几几分之几”。2021/8/11 星期三31Unit 4 句型透视句型透视【相关拓展】【相关拓展】(1)(1)倍数倍数as many/muchas many/much名词名词asas(2)(2)倍数形容词倍数形容词/副词的比较级副词的比较级thanthan(3)(3)倍数倍数thethe名词名词ofof(4)The(4)The(计量计量)名词名词ofofA Abebe倍数倍数thatthatofofB.B

48、.【注意事项】【注意事项】(1)(1)在在“倍数倍数thethe名词名词of”of”结构中，常用的名词有结构中，常用的名词有sizesize，heightheight，weightweight，lengthlength，widthwidth等。如：等。如：This classroom is twice the size of that one.This classroom is twice the size of that one.这个教室是那个教室的两倍大。这个教室是那个教室的两倍大。2021/8/11 星期三32Unit 4 句型透视句型透视(2)(2)两倍用两倍用twicetwice或或

49、doubledouble，不到一倍用分数表示，三倍或三倍以，不到一倍用分数表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用上一般用timestimes来表示，如来表示，如three times,four timesthree times,four times。(3)(3)在实际运用中，有时根据语境使用省略句式，应注意分辨。在实际运用中，有时根据语境使用省略句式，应注意分辨。2021/8/11 星期三33Unit 4 句型透视句型透视【活学活用】【活学活用】1 1根据汉语提示完成句子根据汉语提示完成句子(1)Cats sleep _(1)Cats sleep _(是是的两倍的两倍)people.)people.(2)

50、The earth is 49 _(2)The earth is 49 _(大小是大小是的的倍倍)the moon.)the moon.2 2根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 这条河是那条河的三倍宽。这条河是那条河的三倍宽。This river is _as that one.This river is _as that one.This river is _of that one.This river is _of that one.This river is _than that one.This river is _than that one.twicetwice asas mu