高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案第n3771期.docx

《高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案第n3771期.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案第n3771期.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A. gainB. awardC. opportunityD. impact答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处，利益；B. award奖品，奖金; C opportunity机会;D. impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示“影响。应选D项。2、 The to success is to make good use of the

2、chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A.access通路、入径；B. fountain喷泉；C.potential潜力；D.document文件。the access to.（的途径）符合句意。应选A项。3、 The ability to keep calm is one of her many. Owing to that, she was promoted to deal with the emergency.A. basesB.

3、 challengesC. benefitsD. strengths答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持冷静的能力是她的许多优点之一。因此，她被提拔去处理紧急情况。A. bases 基础,基地；B. challenges挑战;C.benefits好处;D.strengths优点。结合句意可知,此处指保持冷静是她众 多优点之一，strength符合题意。应选D。4、 If we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of

4、our life .C. missionD. fault答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮说她这辈子从没想过自己会唱歌，但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的“灰暗日子。A.reality现实；B.relief减轻，解除；C.mission任务;D.fault错误。根据句意以及But now可知, 但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的灰暗日子。应选B项。30、The earth is the planet provides us with everything we need,fresh air,clean water,so its our duty toprotect it.A.

5、whichB. whereC. whatD. in which答案：A 解析: 考查定语从句。句意：地球是提供我们需要的一切一一新鲜的空气，干净的水一一的星球，所以保护它是我们 的责任。分析句子结构可知，planet为先行词，后接限制性定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中做主语，可用 which或者that,根据所给选择项，应选A项。31 According to the result of a recent study published by Cambridge University, such as stubbornness and shyness, have a major impact o

6、n learning.A. featuresB. personalitiesC. memoriesD. appearances答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据剑桥大学最近发表的一项研究结果，性格，例如固执和害羞对学习有重大影 响。A. feature 特征；B. personality 性格，气质；C. memory 回忆；D. appearance 外表。空后 such as stubbornness and shyness表示例如固执和害羞都是在对人的性格进行举例，故空处需填名词personalities 表示“性格。应选B项。32、 The official is prep

7、aring documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.10A. constitutionB. affectionC. conservationD. production答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成, 组成；B. affection喜爱；C. conservation保护；D. production生产。这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选CoThe officer insisted that Michael did not foll

8、ow the correct in applying for a visa.A. declarationB. gravityC. procedureD. porcelain答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员坚持说，迈克尔在申请签证时没有按照正确的程序。A. declaration宣布;gravity重力;C.procedure程序；D. porcelain瓷器。根据applying for a visa可知，签证要按照程序申请。 应选C。33、 You didnt do anything wrongyou should have a clear.A. costumeB. corpo

9、rationC. contestD. conscience答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。A.costume戏装；B. corporation公司；C.contest竞赛；D.conscience良心；内疚。根据You didnt do anything wrong 可知,你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。应选D项。35、Its wrong for someone in such a high in the government to behave too badly in public.A. situations. employmentC. profess

10、ionD. position答案：D解析：11 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在政府中处于如此高位的人在公共场合表现得太糟糕是错误的。A. situation形势;employment 雇佣；C. profession 联业，专业；D. position 位置。根据空后“in the government to behave too badly in public.可知，空处需用名词position,表示在政府中处于如此高位的人在公众场合表现糟糕是错误的。 应选Do36、 I like the style of his writing but I dont like the.A. confidenc

11、es. flightC. contentD. track答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢他的写作风格,但不喜欢内容。A.confidence自信心；B.flight航班； C.content内容；D.track轨迹。根据句意以及转折关系可知，跟写作方面有关的就是写作的风格和内容。应选 Co37、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high-yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to Chinas food.A. lackB. cu

12、isineC. securityD. purchase答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发，为中国的粮食平安做出了杰出的贡献。A. lack缺乏；B. cuisine风味；A security平安;D. purchase采购。由语意可知,袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、 平安的水稻。应选C项。38、The royal family has announced that the of the new baby is female.A. weightB. issueC. gender答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：皇室宣布新生儿的性别为女性。A.weight重量；B.

13、issue问题；C.gender性别。根据空格后12female可知，空格处指性别。应选C。39、We have a lot of for the single mother, for she had to bring up the children on her own.A. confidences. ambitionC. courageD. sympathy答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很同情这个单亲妈妈，因为她必须单独抚养孩子。A. confidence信心；B.ambition 抱负；C. courage 勇气；D.sympathy 同情。 根据后文“for she had

14、 to bring up the children on her own （因为她必须单独抚养孩子）可知，此处表示我们同情她。应选D。40、Nowadays, food safety has become the of the government as well as the society.A. advantages. focusC. companyD. anger答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:如今，食品平安以及成为政府和社会关注的焦点。A. advantage优点；B.focus焦 点；C. company公司，陪伴；D.anger愤怒。根据句意，政府和社会关注食品平安，应选B项

15、。41、Angela and Ajani will pick up the marriage after they meet online several times, which is not sensible.A. acquisitions. identificationC. certificateD. qualification答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就去领取结婚证，这是不明智的。A.acquisition 习得；B. identification 识别；C. certificate 证明；D. qualification 资格。结

16、合句意和句中which is not sensible可推知，Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就结婚领证，是不明智的行为。名词词组marriage certificate意为结婚证书，符合句意。应选C项。42、The police ordered him not to leave the city without.13A. atmosphereB. baconC. curiosityD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:警察命令他未经允许不得离开这座城市。A. atmosphere气氛；B.bacon熏肉；C. curiosity好奇心；D. permiss

17、ion许可。由The police ordered him可知，此处应该是“未经允许不得离开这座城 市,permission符合句意。应选D项。43、 Anyway, whether they like it or not, they do give people a very good.A. impressionB. impressC. impressiveD. impressed答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：不管怎样，不管他们喜欢与否，他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression印象； B.impress留下深刻印象；C.impressive令人印象深刻的;D.impressed

18、印象深刻的。“a very good”后跟名词的单 数形式,因此空格处是impression,应选A。44、 The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music, for which he showed a particular.A. grew; preferenceB. was growing; interestC. grown; interestD. growing; preference答案：D解析：考查省略和名词词义辨析。句意：在他成长的过程中，他听的唯一的音乐就是爵士乐，因此他对爵士乐有特 殊的偏爱。while引导时间状语从句时

19、，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，那么从句的主语和be动词都可 以省略，所以 while （he was） growing。preference （爱好，偏爱的事物）；interest （兴趣）。show a preference （表 现出偏爱）。根据The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music可知，他对爵士乐有特殊的偏爱。应选D。45、 As you know, the of any species is largely influenced by its connections with other species.A. ev

20、olutionB. conclusionC. appreciationD. association14答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如你所知，任何物种的进化在很大程度上都受其与其他物种的联系的影响。A.evolution 进化；B. conclusion 结论;C. appreciation 欣赏；D. association 联盟。根据句中的“species（物种）”可知, “evolution进化符合句意。应选A。46、 The whole have been hunting for the missing child.A. broadcasts, strategyC. cont

21、ributionD. neighborhood答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。A.broadcast广播；B.strategy策略； （contribution贡献；D.neighborhood街坊。根据句意并结合各选项可知，是大家都在寻找丧失的孩子。应选Do47、The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final of the game, because it is essential for them to go intothe next round.A. outcomeB. outlineC. com

22、ebackD. cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：运发动们正在焦急地等待着比赛的最终结果，因为这是进入下一轮所必需的。A.outcome结果；B. outline概述；C. comeback重返；D.cooperation合作。根据句意本句指比赛结果。应选A。48、The only way to improve is through hard work and strong.A. confirmationB. registrationC. perseveranceD. significance答案：C15解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：进步的唯一途径是通过努力和坚强的

23、毅力。A. confirmation确认，证实；B.registration登记，注册；C. perseverance毅力；D.significance重要性。根据句意及常识可知，只有通过努力 和坚定的毅力才能取得进步。应选C。49、 Weve had a few, but were still good friends.A. disagreeB. disagreesC. disagreementD. disagreements答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知，设空处单词在句中作宾语，应 用名词，disagree意为不同意，动词词性，故A和B排除

24、，“disagreement意为分歧,为可数名词,句中 a few意为一些，几个，后接可数名词复数形式，故空格处应用disagreement的复数形式disagreements。应选D项。50 The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious was ever made to realize it.A. achievementB. commentC. attemptD. credit答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个计划是如此浅薄和不切实际，以至于从来没有人认真尝试去实现它。A. achievement 成就；B. comm

25、ent 评论；C. attempt 尝试；D. credit 信用。根据“The plan was so shallow and impractical可知，没有人进行认真的尝试来实现这个计划。应选C。51、 He, who had been granted （准许）an of his contract with the club for another two years, was over themoon.A. visionB. extensionC. assumptionD. consumption答案：B 解析:16 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被俱乐部准许将合同再延长两年，这真是太高兴

26、了。A. vision视力、视野；B.extension延长；C.assumption假定;D. consumption消费、消耗量。根据句意可知，合同续约了，他非常高 兴，因此合同延长符合语境。应选B项。52、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our for him.A. attentionB. respectC. struggleD. request答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。A.attention 注意；B. r

27、espect 尊敬；C. struggle 斗争；D.request 请求。 根据“Professor Wang is a learned and kind man可知，在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for（向某人表敬意）可知，选B。53、 Still, one thing is clear: speaking a language well needs both fluency and.A. accuracyB. magnificenceC. significanceD. stimulation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨

28、析。句意：然而，有一点是明确的：即说好一门语言需要既要流利又要准确。A.accuracy准确; B.magnificence华丽；C.significance重要；D.stimulation刺激。根据fluency可知，说好英语应该流利准确。故 选Ao54 Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. pressureC. performanceD. impressio

29、n答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于12年级的时间紧课业重，很多学生不得不利用午休时间完成作业。A.17 schedule时间表；B.pressure压力；C. performance表现；D.impression印象。由语意可知,很多学生不得不 利用午休时间完成作业，说明他们的时间安排紧张。应选A项。55、 Miss Sweets smile always makes me feel warm and lively. Its like a hidden to me.A. treasures. traditionC. interviewD. competition答案：A解析：考查名词

30、词义辨析。句意：斯威特小姐的微笑总是让我感到温暖和活泼。对我来说，它就像一个隐藏的宝藏。A. treasure 宝藏；B. tradition 传统；C. interview 采访；D. competition 竞争。根据Miss Sweets smile always makes me feel warm and lively.可知，斯威特小姐的微笑总是让我感到温暖和活泼，这对于我来说应该是像一 个隐藏的宝藏。应选A项。18A. positiveB. advantageC. negativeD. disadvantage答案：C解析：考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的

31、困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一 面。A. positive积极的;B.advantage优势(名词)；C.negative消极的；D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的we shouldnt focus too much on可知，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选Co5 The managing director of this department took the for the accident, although it was not really his fault.A. guiltB. responseC. blameD. conservation答案：C解析

32、：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任，尽管这并不是他的错。A.guilt内疚；B.response 答复；C. blame 责任；D. conservation 节约。根据下文“although it was not really his fault.”可知,这 个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任。take the blame for承当的责任。应选C项。小提示：6、 In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer.A. systemB. methodC. investme

33、ntD. environment答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：在实验室里，保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更平安的环境。A. system体系，系统;method方法；C.investment投资；D. environment环境。根据常识可知，保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安 全的实验环境(environment)。应选D项。7、Finally, the man became ill under the great of work.A. frightenedB. lovelyC. pressureD. unfamiliar答案：c 解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意:最后，这个人在巨大的工作压力

34、下病倒了。A. frightened害怕的;B.lovely可 爱的；C.pressure压力；D.unfamiliar不熟悉的。结合句意和空格前定冠词the,以及作定语的形容词great可 知,应填入名词pressure（压力）作宾语,且underpressure是常用词组,表示“承受压力。应选C项。8、What was the of the football match last night?AC Milan won the game.A. valueB. resultC. choiceD. decision答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：昨晚足球比赛的结果是什么？AC米兰赢了。A.

35、 value价值；B. result结果;choice选择;D. decision决定。根据答语迷C Milan won the game.可知此处是在问比赛结果,应选B。9、The lecture Jack Ma made in the 2018 Shanghai Forum of Zhejiang Merchants left us with a wonderful he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.A. associations. functionC. satisfact

36、ionD. impression答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马云在2018年上海浙商论坛上的演讲给我们留下了很好的印象，他对未来的商业 会是什么样子做了很好的描述。A. association联系；B. function功能；C. satisfaction满足；D. impression印象。 根据后文“he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.（他对未来的商业会是什么样子 做了很好的描述。）可知，因为对未来商业有很好的描述，所以此处表示给我们留下了好的印象。应选D。10、

37、Jamie deserves the for trying his best to save the drowning boy.A. creditB. blameC. shockD. stress答案：A解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰米竭尽全力抢救落水男孩，值得赞扬。A. credit赞扬；B. blame责备；C. shock 震惊；D.stress压力。根据后文“for trying his根st to save the drowning boy”可知是值得赞扬,应用credit。故 选Ao11、The of the group that will be studied depends

38、 on the interests of the researcher: all high schoolstudents, all college students, or half high school students and half college students.A. ingredientB. conventionC. compoundD. composition答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人员的兴趣：所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半 高中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料,成分；B. convention习俗,惯例，大会;C. co

39、mpound混合物，合成 词；D. composition成分构成，组成，创作。由语意可知，composition成分构成，组成符合题意。应选D项。12、Her own experience as a child was marked with adversity in her youth, she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults.（找出划线单词的同义词或英文解释）A. fortuneB. hardshipsC. prideD. kindness答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：她的童年

40、经历充满了逆境和不顺一一小时候她被幼儿园拒收，就连大人都用难听的名字称 呼她。A. fortune运气；B.hardships逆境，艰难；C.pride自豪；D.kindness善行。根据后文“she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults”可知，她的童年是充满挫折和不顺的，所以划线词所 指的也应该是这种意思，与B选项含义相同。应选B项。13、 Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned.A. success, a writerB. a success, w

41、riterC. success, writerD. a success, a money答案：c 解析：考查名词辨析。句意：王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success成功，不可数名词。假设作可数名词，抽 象名词具体化，表示“一个成功的人或事情。此处前面已经有a,故of后面不用冠词a。a man of success一个 成功的人。turn为系动词，后面接名词作表语，turn writer成为作家，不用冠词，表示概念。应选C项。14、A poor economy has caused the of thousands of small businesses.A. complexityB.

42、collapseC. convenienceD. correction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济不景气导致成千上万的小企业倒闭。A. complexity复杂性；B.collapse倒闭；C. convenience方便；D. correction改正。根据上文“A poor economy has caused”指经济不景气导致小企业倒闭, 应用collapseo应选Bo15、We can see monuments here and there. Those who have made great to human beings and society willnever

43、be forgotten.A. conclusionsB. attractionsC. contributionsD. achievements答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以看到到处都是纪念碑。那些对人类和社会做出过重大贡献的人将永远不 会被忘记。A.conclusions 结论;B.attractions 吸引力;C.contributions 贡献；D.achievements 成就。结合句意， 此处是短语：make great contributions to,意为对做出重大贡献。应选C。16、 Youll get a false of the town if you o

44、nly visit the university.A. impressionB. companyC. youthD. rent答案：A解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你只参观大学，你会对这个城市产生错误的印象。A.impression印象； B pany公司；C.youth青春;D.rent租金。结合visit the university”和选项可推知，句中谈论的是对大学和 城市的印象，a false impression”错误的印象，符合语境。应选A。17、 Primary school teachers use a lot of aids in their class activit

45、ies to make their teaching easier.A. medicalB. visualC. firstD. band答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：小学教师在课堂活动中使用大量的视觉教具，使教学更容易。A. medical 医疗的；B.visual视觉的;C.first第一的;D.band乐队。根据Primary school teachers 可知，小学老师需要使 用视觉教具。应选B。18、 During the department stores annual autumn, all clothing will be half price.A. engag

46、ementB. promotionC. interaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在百货公司一年一度的秋季促销期间，所有的衣服都是半价。A. engagement约定;promotion促销活动;C. interaction互动。根据后文“all clothing will be half price.可知，因为所有的衣服半价 销售，所有此处指百货公司在促销。应选B。19、 Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbrea

47、k to finish homework.A. scheduleB. investigationC. performanceD. impression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于高三年级课业紧张，课业繁重，许多学生不得不利用午休时间来完成作业。A.6schedule 日程安排；B. investigation 调查；C. performance 表现；D. impression E|J象。 根据heavy workload ofGrade 12可知，高三年级日程安排紧张。应选A项。20 Having read the advertisement for the qualified

48、 employees, a great many answered the call.A. ancestorsB. applicantsC. operatorsD. boarders答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：读了招聘合格员工的广告后，很多求职者都应征了。A. ancestors祖先；B.applicants 申请人,求职者；C. operators 操作员；D. boarders 寄宿者。根据上文“Having read the advertisement for the qualified employees”可矢口此处指求职者应征，应用applicantSo应选B。21、The teacher often makes a(n)on how different the two boys are.A. commentB. decisionC. impressionD. effect答