语法英语句子种类培训资料.ppt

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1、语法英语句子种类句句 子成子成 分分 1.主语主语2.谓语谓语3.表语表语4.宾语宾语5.定语定语6.补语补语7.状语状语8.同位语同位语句子种类句子种类陈述句陈述句疑问句疑问句祈使句祈使句感叹句感叹句1、陈述句、陈述句 陈述句是用来描述、说明事实或表陈述句是用来描述、说明事实或表述说话人的看法的句子。陈述句有肯定式和否定式两述说话人的看法的句子。陈述句有肯定式和否定式两种。其结构形式为种。其结构形式为“主语主语+谓语谓语+”，否定形式是，否定形式是在助动词、系动词或情态动词后加在助动词、系动词或情态动词后加not。如：如：Light travels faster than sound.(说明

2、事实说明事实)The film is rather boring.(说明看法说明看法)Tom is an 8-year-old boy.(肯定式肯定式)We dont have any classes on weekends.(否定式否定式)2、疑问句、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反选择疑问句、反意意疑问句。疑问句。Did someone phone me last night?（一般疑问句一般疑问句）Who are you talking about?（特殊特殊疑问句疑问句）Shall I help you or can you manage it

3、?（选择选择疑问句疑问句）He had a big time there,didnt he?（反意反意疑问句疑问句）反意疑问句：反意疑问句：由陈述句由陈述句+简短问句构成。简短问句构成。1、前肯后否，前否后肯的原则。前肯后否，前否后肯的原则。即当陈述句为肯定即当陈述句为肯定句时，简短问句为否定形式。当陈述句为否定句时，句时，简短问句为否定形式。当陈述句为否定句时，简短问句为肯定形式。简短问句为肯定形式。2、句中含有、句中含有no,never,hardly,few,little,nothing,nobody,seldom 等否定意义的词时，等否定意义的词时，后面用肯定形式。后面用肯定形式。如：如

4、：There is little water in the bottle,is there？He can hardly speak English,can he?3、简短问句部分的主语应用人称代词。、简短问句部分的主语应用人称代词。4.陈述句的主语为陈述句的主语为no one，none,nobody,everyone,someone,somebody,everybody等时，其附加部等时，其附加部分的主语要用分的主语要用they，但强调个体时，常用，但强调个体时，常用he。如：如：Everyone has got a book,arent they?Someone is calling you

5、,isnt he?5、陈述句的主语为、陈述句的主语为everything,anything,something,nothing等时，附加部分的主语为等时，附加部分的主语为it。如：如：Everything is OK,isnt it?6、祈使句（无论否定还是肯定），反意疑问部分一律用祈使句（无论否定还是肯定），反意疑问部分一律用“will you”，如：如：Please let us open the door,will you?Dont look out of the window,will you?注意：注意：“lets”开头的句子，则用开头的句子，则用“shall we”如：如：Lets

6、 read the text together,shall we?7、主从复合句的反意问句以主句为主。主从复合句的反意问句以主句为主。如：如：she thinks she can work it out,doesnt she?He told you we would have an English exam,didnt he?注意：注意：当主句是当主句是“I think/I suppose/I believe /I dont think”时，要以从句为主。时，要以从句为主。如：如：I think he is wrong this time,isnt he?I dont believe he w

7、ill come tomorrow,will he?8、反意疑问句的回答。反意疑问句的回答。1.当陈述句部分是肯定时，当陈述句部分是肯定时，yes表示是；表示是；no表示不。表示不。如：如：-You are a Chinese,arent you?(你是一个中国人，是吗？你是一个中国人，是吗？-Yes,I am./No,I am not.（是的，我是。（是的，我是。/不，我不是。）不，我不是。）2.当陈述句部分是否定时，当陈述句部分是否定时，yes表示不；表示不；no表示是表示是。如：如：-You have never been to Beijing,have you?（你从没去过北京，是吗？

8、）（你从没去过北京，是吗？）-Yes,I have.I went there last summer.（不，我去过。我去年去的。）（不，我去过。我去年去的。）1。There is some milk in the bottle ,_-_?2.There is little orange,_?3.Tom is good at English,_?4.He has few friends here,_?5.They finished the work,_-_?6.Lilei can hardly speak Japanese,_?7.Your parents can swim,_?8.He cou

9、ld see nobody in the room,_?9.Mr Green teaches you English,_?10.Please try them on,_?11.Dont turn on the TV,_?12.Lets go shopping,_?isnt there is there isnt he does he didnt they can he cant they could he doesnt he will you will you shall we 3、祈使句、祈使句 表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等的句表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等的句子子，否定句的开头一般用，否定句

10、的开头一般用dont。Copy this exercise in your notebook.把这道习题抄在你们的笔记本上。Dont be afraid of making mistakes.不要怕犯错误。Lets take the child to the park!让我们带孩子去公园吧！4、感叹句、感叹句 由由what 或或how引导的，表示快乐、痛苦等强引导的，表示快乐、痛苦等强烈的感情。烈的感情。1.How+形容词形容词/副词副词+（主（主+谓）！谓）！How cold the day is!/How quickly he runs!2.What+形容词形容词+名词复数名词复数/不可数

11、名词不可数名词+（主（主+谓）谓）！What beautiful flowers!/What bad weather it is!3.What+a/an+形容词形容词+名词名词+（主（主+谓）！谓）！What an interesting story(it is)!用用How,What(a/an)填空填空1._ delicious food it is!2._interesting film!3._bad weather!4._good day !5._tall the boy is!6._good news it is!7._beautiful clothes they are!8._ ni

12、ce teacher he is!9._nice Tom is!10._beautiful flowers they are!11._ hard work!12._ hard job!WhatWhat anWhat What aHowWhat What What a How What What What a句子类型句子类型简单句简单句并列句并列句复合句复合句()1.(2013)Jacksneverseena3Dmovieatthecinema,_？A.hasntheB.hasheC.isntheD.ishe【例题解析】反意疑问句中，前面否定，后面肯定，此题时态为现在完成时。反意疑问句中，前面否

13、定，后面肯定，此题时态为现在完成时。故选故选B B（）2.(2012)-_sillyIam！Idontknowwhattodonext.-Itseasy.Pressthegreenbuttonin30seconds.A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata 感叹句句型为：感叹句句型为：What What（a/ana/an）+形容词形容词+名词（名词（+主语主语+谓谓语）！语）！How+How+形容词形容词/副词（副词（+主语主语+谓语）！故选谓语）！故选A A。()3.(2011)-Here is a bicycle for your birthday,Jason.-Wow！_ gif

14、t it is！Its my favorite.A.What a delicious B.How delicious C.How nice D.What a nice【例题解析】感叹句句型为：感叹句句型为：WhatWhat（a/an+a/an+形容词形容词+名词（名词（+主语主语+谓语谓语)！How+How+形容词形容词/副词（副词（+主语主语+谓语谓语)！故选！故选D D。()4.(2010)Bob,you played the game“Growing”and“Stealing”on the Internet last night,_？A.werent you B.didnt you C.

15、were you D.did you此题旨在考查一般过去时的反意疑问句，且前面肯定，此题旨在考查一般过去时的反意疑问句，且前面肯定，此题旨在考查一般过去时的反意疑问句，且前面肯定，此题旨在考查一般过去时的反意疑问句，且前面肯定，后面应否定。故选后面应否定。故选后面应否定。故选后面应否定。故选B B B B。()5.(2009)Dontforgettosendamessage,_？A.canyouB.willyouC.doyouD.areyou【例题解析】此题旨在考查祈使句的反意疑问句，主语人称为省略此题旨在考查祈使句的反意疑问句，主语人称为省略 的的youyou。故选。故选B B。()6.(2

16、009)_IhadinBeijinglastsummer!A.WhatwonderfultimeB.WhatawonderfultimeC.WhatwonderfulatimeD.Howwonderfultime感叹句句型为：感叹句句型为：What What（a/ana/an）+形容词形容词+名词（名词（+主语主语+谓语）！谓语）！How+How+形容词形容词/副词（副词（+主语主语+谓语）！故选谓语）！故选B B。1._doesyourmotherwatchtheTalkShow?Onceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howmuch2.Is this

17、 a Chinese book or an English book?-Oh,_A.Yes,itisB.No,itisnt.C.AnEnglishbookD.Amusicbook3._theradio,please.Thebabyissleepingnow.A.NotturnonB.DontturnonC.NotturndownD.Dontturndown4.Pleasebringyourhomeworktoschooltomorrow,Steven.OK,I_.A.willB.wontC.doD.dont5-_bagisthis？-Itsmine.A.WhatBWhoC.WhosDWhose

18、ABDC检测检测B6._sadnewsitis!Wemusttryourbesttohelpthemoutoftrouble.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How7._greattimewehadlastweek!A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata8.Isupposeyourenotgoingtoday,_?A.areyouB.doyouC.dontyouD.arentyou9.YouhavesometroublefindingwhereIlive,_?A.didntyouB.dontyouC.doID.dontI10.Everyoneshavingagoodtime

19、,_?A.isheB.isnteveryoneC.doesheD.arenttheyABDD检测检测B11.Tellmehowtooperatetheelectroniccomputer,_?A.willyouB.shantyouC.doyouD.dontyou12.Letslistentotheradioprogramthattheteachermentioned,_?A.doweB.dontweC.shallweD.shantwe13.Janetusedtotakepartinlaborinthatvillage,_?A.usedsheB.didsheC.didntsheD.shouldshe14.Learninghowtorepaircomputerstakesalongtime,_?A.isntitB.arenttheyC.doesntitD.dontthey15.Nobodywasabsentfromthemeeting,_?A.wasitB.weretheyC.wasntheD.werenttheyACAC检测检测B此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢