2022年哈尔滨师范大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年哈尔滨师范大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and

2、are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because.A、too much energyB、based on American designsC、they are too costlyD、they are not reliable【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是讲的两个原因，即人们的工资水平太低，也就是没 有能力使机器人发挥出创造财富的作用，言下之意就是本钱高。第二个原因就是 人们逐渐意识到了操纵

3、机器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以应 该选C。第2题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the gre

4、at influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of 语言教学的训练，

5、但与他的关系却是亲密的、个人化的。但是作者并没有提到在 语言学习中，教师与学生密切的个人关系比教师接受专门的语言教学训练更重要。第20题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第21题

6、【单项选择题】【2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、responseC、settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民,移民，定居。solution：解决;解答。根据句意，应该选response0 a positive response：良好的反映。第22题【单项选择题】Would you like down and play in the milk for a few m

7、inutes before we clean itup ?10getgettingto getD、got【正确答案】C【答案解析】would like to do固定搭配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选C。第23题【单项选择题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculatedemonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发

8、第24题【单项选择题】2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his workA personallyB scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责,他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠第25题【单项选择题】11 2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、from

9、C、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to表示：与无关。第26题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been transl

10、ated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are.A、science fictions with a recurrent themeB、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the futureC、read worldwideD、political implications【正确答案】C【答案解析】这段文字讲到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所写的书已经译成了许 多种语言，因此C选项是正确答案。第27题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The charming smiles

11、and service from the sales ladies and gentlemen are always there ready for you. More often than not （往往），on such occasions newcomers from elsewhere, say, China mainland, may feel something more than mere uneasiness-even a sense of guilt if they do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-

12、timers （老前辈， 老人）,especially the teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the God; sometimes12 they would rather be a shoplifter. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Hong Kong is worthy of its reputation as a business center of the world.B、It is unea

13、sy to be offered smiles and services.C、Shopping or window-shopping here, you can really feel the meaning of The Customer is the God !D、Shoplifting has been a frequent criminal offence.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段强调的是这里“顾客是上帝的这种理念和气氛。因此选择C。第28题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for p

14、rotection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、pla

15、y games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn comes“秋天来临的时候。答案选择B。第29题【单项选择题】（填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is al

16、ready on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we require13B、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD、of conducting

17、electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第30题【单项选择题】2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们

18、就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第31题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险14第32题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from i

19、n theliving room.A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第33题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。回详细解答：A

20、允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第34题【单项选择题】2009.01 He has deep love for the people and loyalty to the country.A、intenseB、initialC、instant15D、 imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。A强烈的，极度的；B最初的，开始 的；C立即的，即时的；D模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty,选A比拟恰当。第35题【单项选择题】There are many sales this season, during which stores will lo

21、wer theirprices.A、normalB、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普 通的 D寻常的、通常的第36题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G

22、. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are.A、 science fictions with a recurrent themeB、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the futureC、read worldwideD、political implications【正确答案】C【答案解析】这段文字讲到J. Verne是一位有名的作

23、家，所写的书已经译成了许 多种语言，因此C选项是正确答案。16第37题【单项选择题】2007.04 Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agenciesin the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下， 搁下;记下,记载，写下。set out：出发,开始，后面跟t

24、o do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第38题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability（彳:可预知）factor of the sto

25、rms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性别歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、 its connection with humans【正确答案】C【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（

26、male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。17第39题【单项选择题】The challenge is not one of expansion., the rapid growth in enrollment over the last 40 years has come to an end.A、As a resultB、By all meansC、In contrastD、On the contrary【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词词组的词义辨析。四个词组分别表示因此、“务必、 “相比之下和“相反之意。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读

27、选择 J You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy i

28、s low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.lf one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycleB ov

29、ercome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，“虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说,.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么18你就要比平时早起。

30、这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第41题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption （爆发）of ancient volcanoes （火山）.Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose fro

31、m the ocean.A、They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty.B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands?C、Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America.D、But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】C【答

32、案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西 洋的其他局部分开。答案是C,因为它的第一个词是They，该词指“The Caribbean Islands；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第42题【单项选择题】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractiv

33、e and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because.A、too much energyB、based on American designsC、they are too costlyD、they are not reliable【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第二

34、句就是讲的两个原因，即人们的工资水平太低，也就是没19 this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第3题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in

35、 mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第4题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you

36、/re sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but y

37、oull get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycle有能力使机器人发挥出创造财富的作用，言下之意就是本钱高。第二个原因就是 人们逐渐意识到了操纵机器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以应 该选Co第43题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A

38、、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very frie

39、ndly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了community（社区几 但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第45题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intellig

40、ence can ever be 20measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but

41、 their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力

42、的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第46题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is conc

43、erned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。文章讲虽然儿童习得母语的“教师可能没有受过专门的 语言教学的训练，但与他的关系却是亲密的、个人化的。但是作者并没有提到在 语言学习中，教师与学生密切的个人关系比教师接受专门的语言教学训练更重要。21第47题【单项选择题】

44、【阅读选择】Good news for chocoholics： the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers hav

45、e discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains substa

46、nces called flavonoids.C、It releases endorphins in human body.D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第48题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and

47、 foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom/ says the teacher who developed this program. They

48、are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official7 and planning group* make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/TXn architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom.A、to find o