考研英语作文精选必背作文素材.doc

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1、考研英语作文精选必背作文素材文章来源： 整理：省省清华第一节：九大原则词汇 一、金钱原则词汇资产asset v. 浪费be extravagant预算budget n.消费品consumer goods贵重的costly a. 存钱deposit vt.经济负担economic burden经济困难economic difficulty花费expend vt.奢侈的extravagant a. 资助finance n. 接受某人的资助经济资助finance aid给某人经济资助资金紧张finance strain某部门资金紧张政府税收government revenue 医疗保健 health

2、care政府的医疗保健无家可归 homeless饥饿 hunger n.收入income n.保险 insurance n. 投资invest v. 失业者 jobless n.下岗工人laid-off worker滥用 lavish v. 有限的公共资金limited public funds赚钱的 lucrative a. 豪华的 luxurious a. 挥霍money-consuming a.拜金主义的 money-oriented a.必需品 necessity n.贫困的needy a.透支 overdraft v. 抵押 pawn v. 财产 property 节约紧缩开支ret

3、rench vi. 赢利的 profitable a. 津贴subsidize v. 纳税人 taxpayer福利welfare二、健康原则词汇有氧运动aerobic exercise平衡饮食 balanced diet 有害健康的be physically damaging过于肥胖的 bloated致癌的 cancer-causing 食肉类的carnivorous adj 慢性的 chronic 方便食品convenience food治愈 cure头昏眼花的dizzy 危及endanger vt精力充沛的energetic adj. 传染病epidemics根除 eradicate vt

4、.使恶化 exasperate vt.过量摄入 excessive intake排气exhaust疲劳 fatigue n.高脂肪高热量 high fat and calorie免疫的 immune绝症 incurable disease消化不良 indigestion懒惰的 indolent adj.传染病 infectious disease失眠症 insomnia n. 垃圾食品 junk food 慢跑 jog预期寿命 life expectancy减肥 lose weight疾病 malady营养不良malnutrition医学的 medical 近视 near-sighted 营养

5、品nourishment n. 器官移植organ transplant超重overweight预防 prevention治疗 treatment 肿瘤tumor提供营养nourish卡路里calorie 饥饿starvation 营养不良malnutrition三、智力原则词汇表达能力 ability of expression洞察力acumen熟练的adept赏识appreciate vt.评价assessment n. 智力brains n 发挥才干bring into the talents证书certificate n. 创造性的creative adj 培养cultivate vt

6、.识别力discernment n. 天资endowment n. 开发explore vt.幻想的 fantastic adj.理想主义 idealism n. 个性 individuality n.天赋inherence n. 本能的 instinctive adj. 智商 intelligence quotient 有文化 literacy掌握 master vt.值得称赞的品质 merit n.激情 passion n.观点 perspective n. 充分发挥put into great play 素质教育 quality education 荒谬的ridiculous adj.生

7、存能力 survival ability依赖科技的 technology-dependent adj.远程教育 tele-education n. 思维模式thinking pattern智慧 wit n. 四、文化原则词汇传统与现代巧妙结合a clever blend of traditional and modern同一的世界文化a homogenous world culture归属感a sense of belonging土著文化aboriginal culture吸取精华 absorb the quintessence吸收absorb美学价值 aesthetic祖先ancestor古

8、代的ancient人类学家anthropologists 陈旧观念antiquated idea艺术价值 artistic value同化assimilate vt.丰富的be abundant adj.传递 be passed down 灿烂光辉的文化brilliant and gorgeous culture发扬光大carry forward 著名的 celebrated 特有的 characteristicadj文明的civilizedadj.凝聚力cohesion n.文化摇篮cradle of culture培养cultivate vt.文化习惯cultural habit文化遗产c

9、ultural heritage文化特性cultural identity 文化古迹cultural objects and historicrelics文化、精神和学术生活cultural, spiritual, and intellectual life狂热的崇拜cultn.恰当的指引 proper guidance 确立 establishment n.破坏devastatevt.合理化 rationalization被迫force vt.知识的传播 diffusion n.抵挡住诱惑resist the temptation合理的legality adj.多样性diversity n.

10、民族文化特色 ethnic and cultural identity节日气氛festivity n.危险的行为 risky behaviors行为榜样role model单亲家庭 single-parent family 限制，压力，隐私 limit n./vt.pressure n.privacy n. 民间艺术folk art宠坏的 spoiled adj. 正直的righteous adj. 文化全球一体化globalization of culture博大精深great and profound手工艺handicraft n.历史文物historic relics文盲illitera

11、cy 密切家庭感情strengthening the family ties把虚幻当现实 take fantasy for reality 抚养upbringing受害者victim n. 性别歧视sexualdiscriminations社会保障制度social security 强制的compulsory adj.八、时间原则词汇浪费时间a great waste of time 不朽的immortaladj. 粗俗的vulgaradj. 效率 efficiencyn. 正流行in vogue根深蒂固的看法 ingrain notion继承 inheritn. 扫除文盲wipe out i

12、lliteracy六、感情原则词汇充满深情的affectionate adj. 沉湎于indulge in沉迷于be obsessed with消磨时光pass time 有意义的 instructive adj. 忧虑anxiety n. 自控 self-controln. 少数民族 minority n. 孤独apartness n, 自律 self-discipline 民族特性 national identity 愉快的cheerfuladj. 挤时间squeeze time 民族自豪感 national pride 性格相似的congenialadj. 占用 take up 思想开放

13、open-minded adj. 令人绝望的desperate adj. 上瘾 be addicted to 不流行了的out of fashion外来影响outside influence 缺乏自信的diffident adj.行为古怪的人eccentric adj. 九、环保原则词汇大气污染atmospheric pollution 通俗的popular adj.宝贵的preciousadj. 情绪热情 emotion n.enthusiasmn. 被耗尽be exhausted美化beautification n. 取其精华去其糟粕reject the dross and 忠实的fait

14、hfuladj. 污秽的begrimed adj. assimilate the essence 鼓励 fostervt. 化学物质chemical substances 表现、象征 represent保护retention n. vt. 友好的friendly adj.失败的frustrated 条件保护 conditionconserve n.vt. 社会学sociologyn.壮丽的splendid adj.时髦的stylishadj. 隔阂gap n.和谐的harmonious adj.怀有希望的hopeful adj. 沙漠化desertification使恶化deteriorate

15、vt.灭绝die out n. 表面的superficialadj. 忽视ignorevt. 一次性产品disposable products 传统文化教育 traditional cultural education 虐待 ill-treat vt. 持久的,耐用的durable adj. 以为骄傲take pride in种族传统tribal traditions 自卑的inferior adj.内向的introvertedadj. 生态平衡ecological生态系统ecological balancesystem 多样性varietyn. 误会 misunderstanding n.

16、排放 emit vt. 五、道德原则词汇虐待abuse,乐观者optimist n.悲观的pessimisticadj.濒临灭绝的物种 endangered species能源短缺energy shortage好斗的aggressive adj.自私自利的人an egocentric person反叛的rebellious浪漫的romantic adj.环保的environmentalist n.使加剧exacerbatevt.易受社会恶习的侵蚀 be prone to social ills 诚挚sincerity n.风景landscape n.虐待儿童child abuse家庭暴力dom

17、estic violence有深远的影响 have a tremendous impact无知ignorance紧张的strained adj.充耳不闻turn a deaf ear不爱交际的unsociable adj.热心的warm-hearted adj.城市垃圾municipal refuse城市污水municipal sewage噪声污染noise pollution尽可能改善工作环境 optimize the不成熟的immature adj.忧虑worry n.干涉intervention n. 七、权利原则词汇农药pesticide青少年的 juvenile adj.指责accu

18、se vt.有毒的poisonous松散的纪律lax discipline禁止ban vt./n.污染物pollutant n.引入歧途的misleading adj.公然侵犯brazen encroachment毁灭ruin v. 天真的naive负面的影响negative role model公正的candidadj.集体主义collectivism n.水土流失soil erosion土壤污染soil pollution不恰当的材料offensive material家长的过分宽容parental permissiveness 秘密的confidentialadj.消费者协会consum

19、ers association废气waste gas废水waste water犯罪perpetrate版权copyright n.水体污染water body pollution不正当的perverted adj.视为权利demand as ones due使变得更坏worsen v. 第二节：生活话题分类词汇一、图表写作常用词汇表格图 table；图表 chart；diagram graph column 描述：show; describe; illustrate; reveal; represent数字figure;数据statistic;百分percentage;比例proportion

20、一般 have 10%; at 20%; over 40%在面积上 in area最高 peaks; reached a peak/high point最低bottomed out; reached the bottom变化 increase; jump; rise; climb; decrease; fall; drop; decline; reduce; fluctuate; remain; steady; stable; stay; same程 度sudden/suddenly;rapid/rapidly; dramatic/dramatically; 二、关于生活体验等（常考，特别重要

21、）1.产品科技含量technological element of product2.大学生创业university students innovative undertaking 3.双赢局面win-win situation4.首创精神pioneering spirit5.振兴中华make China powerful and strong;6.富裕affluence7.繁荣boom8.购买力buying power9.竞争competition 10.生活费用cost of living11.解决问题crack the nuts significant/significantly; sh

22、arp/sharply; steep/steeply; 12. 大家公认it is universally acknowledged that gradual/gradually;slow/slowly; slight/slightly;stable/stably; almost; nearly; approximately; exactly; precisely；increase by /decrease by (写出变化幅度) 合计 200 美元add up to $200 总数达：add up to占世界总人数的 20% make up 20% of从增加到rose/grew/climb

23、ed fromto增加到grew up to增至最高峰：Rise to a high of减少到decrease to 跌至最低谷：drop to a low of大幅度增长increase sharply 飞速：rapidly；sharply；steeply高居榜首Top the list/head the chart饼状图/圆形图（pie chart）稳固下降 steady decline由组成：consist of/be made up of /be composed of占 44%比例：account for /make up 44 percent位居第一：rank the first

24、 仅次于 is second to居第二位：in second spot倒数第一 is the last one 第二大部份 rank the second/the second largest section 与.相比：compared withA 与 B 成比例 A be in proportion to B 差不多：About/around/roughly 多达as many as正好：Exactly/precisely 水平：level off递增：on the rise/increase/grow/rise/climb/go up急剧上升: grow sharply; 递减：on t

25、he decline/decrease/fall/reduce/go down 曲线图（graph/chart/diagram）柱状图（bar chart）增加：increase/grow/rise/climb/go up减少：decrease/decline/fall/reduce/go down 剧 烈/显 著/ 大 幅 度 ： sharply/dramatically/significantly / rapidly/considerably / enormously/ profoundly/substantially平稳/逐渐：steadily / gradually / slightl

26、y 持续上升/下降：on an increase / on the decline保持不变：remain stable / remain steady / remain unchanged上升后变得平稳：reach a plateau 达到顶点/低谷：reach the top/peak / fall to the bottom波动：fluctuate /rise and fall 达到了：reach / approach / add up to / amount to / increase to /decrease to某年发生的变化:1998 saw/ witnessed a sharp

27、increase in.是 1998 年的 2 倍：was twice as many as that in 1998从图表上看：From these graphs 得到结论：draw a conclusion 13. 全力以赴bring ones talent into full play 14.适应新的形势变化adapt/adjust/accommodateoneself to new environment/change15.获得成功achieve/accomplish success16.提 出 观 点advance/putforward/comeupwith arguments/id

28、eas17.较好地驾驭生活 be a better pilot of ones life 18.对很好的了解have a better understanding of19.把 某 种 因 素 考 虑 进 去takesth. Into account/consideration;20. give much thought to 21.品味人生/自由/青春 savor the life/freedom/youth22.交流经验share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge23.发 挥 ， 起 到 积 极 作 用play an important/active/

29、great role/part24.面临困难危险 be confronted with danger/difficulty; in the face of25.阻 碍 了 成 功stand in the way of success; be an obstacle/barrier to 26.缩 小 差 别narrow/fillthe gap/gulf (between city and country)27.把成功 /错误归因于attribute/oweones success/failureto28.对重要be vital/important/indispensable to29.施加压力

30、exert/put pressure on30.重视attach/assign much importance/significance to31.把注意力集中在focus/concentrate ones attention/efforts upon32.抓住机会grab/seize/take the opportunity33.有可能there is (little/much) possibility/likelihood that34.献身于 devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause/career35.真正重要的是what really matt

31、ers/counts is36.影响思想，态度shape ones thinking/attitude37.实 现 自 己 的 理 想 ， 愿 望realize/fulfill/achieveones dream/hope;38.减轻压力，紧张reduce/alleviate the stress/pressure39.提 高 社 会 地 位upgrade social status; enhance social position40.加 快 ， 促 进 发 展accelerate/advance/enhance the development41.随着生活节奏的加快 with the qu

32、ickening pace of modern life42.充满激情 have a burning desire for43.充满渴望 have a great passion for44. 沮丧的 gloomy;客观的objective;主观的 subjective45. 乐观的 optimistic ;悲观的 pessimistic;46. 怨恨的 resentful ;可敬的 respectable47. 深远的影响far-reaching consequences48. 以其最强有力的形式in its strongest form49. 挣钱养活自己earn ones living5

33、0. 赡养父母support ones parents51. 普遍现象common phenomenon52. 现代社会modern society 53. 相互对立in opposition to each other54. 不管no matter how 55.如 何 对 待 财 富 与 幸 福how to approach wealth and happiness56.一个更美好更光明的未来a much better and brighter future57.从失败中吸取教训draw useful lessons from58.丧失信心并退却了lose heart and give i

34、n59.人民对待的看法截然不同people are quite different from each other in their opinions on60.无可否认there is no denying the fact that61.赏识他的非凡的能力appreciate his exceptional ability62.人才招聘会job-hunting63.大势所趋the wave of the future64.一时冲动an impulse activity 65.体力劳动physical labor66.灵活的 flexible67.充分发挥 的积极性bring ones in

35、itiative into full play三、关于教育的词汇（非常重要）1.入学enter； entrance 2.登记；注册become a member of； to enroll； enrollment；register； registration 3.录取admission； be admitted to； accept 4.获取进一步教育obtain further education5.要求；录取条件 requirements6.录取标准admission standards7.学习成绩academic record； academic achievements 8.索要申请材

36、料request for application material9.教育目标educational goals10.文凭 diploma 11. 学位degree 12.教育体制educational system13.学前教育 pre-school education14.小学 primary schools；elementary schools 15.中学 middle schools； high schools 16.初中 junior middle school； junior high school 17.高中senior middle school； senior high sc

37、hool 18.职 业 学 校 ； 技 术 学 校vocational schools ； technical schools 19.大学；学院 colleges；universities； institutes 20.同样地；类似地 likewise； similarly；in the same way21.与相似；与一致；和等同be the same as；correspond to； agree with； resemble； be equivalent to 22.相反；与不同；相比而言；另一方面；不过 in contrast；by contrast with/to； on the o

38、ther hand； on the contrary； by comparison23.与不同 different from24.不同之处；差别；差异；区别 distinction； dissimilarity；25.尖端科学 advanced science26.一流的设施 first-rate facilities27.扩大知识面 broaden ones scope of knowledge28.人生观outlook on life 29.体验新文化experience a new culture30.优缺点strengths and weakness31.高素质、有经验的老师 high

39、ly qualified, well experienced teaching staffs32.多文化 multicultural 33.脱颖而出stand out from the crowd 34.核心能力core competencies35.独立思考 think independently 36.挑战challenge 37.机遇 opportunities 38.开阔视野expand your horizons39.与人交往 integrate with other people40.人际交往能力 interpersonal skill41.建设性constructive 42.前

40、景 prospects 43.国际声誉world class reputation 44.发挥学习潜能reach his or her full learning potential45.素质教育education for all-round development46.知识产权intellectual property rights47.失学儿童dropout student48. 扫盲eliminate illiteracy 49. 人才外流brain drain50. 复合型人才inter-disciplinary talent51. 教书育人impart knowledge and e

41、ducate people52. 精神文明建设promote cultural and ideological progress53. 科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation54.因材施教teach students according to their aptitude55. 义务教育compulsory education56. 知识经济knowledge-based economy 57. 丰富生活enrich our life58. 扩大视野broaden my horizon59.接触各种思想be exp

42、osed to new ideas/experience60.产 生 影 响have/exerta profound influence on life/personality;61.have a dramatic/undesirable effect on62.开阔眼界broaden ones outlook; expand ones mental horizons63.充分发挥能力 give full play to ones ability64.论题，主题：themes65. 大学毕业生university graduates66. 儿童教育child education67. 热门话题hot topic 68. 教育专家educational expert69.保护知识产权protect intellectual property 70.成 人 教 育 和 职 业 教 育 adult education and vocational education71.文化素质cultural qualities72.推动give a push to 73.促进进步promote progress 74.概念concept75.改进教和学improve teaching and learning 76.按分数according to the g