2023年12月英语四级真题第一套资料.docx

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1、2023年12月英语四级真题（第一套）新东方在线Part I Writing (30minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完毕该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay .Suppose you are two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice betw

2、een the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or

3、three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions 1and 2 are base

4、d on the news report you have just the heard.1. A) It was going to be renovated. C) It was dangerous to live in. B) He could no longer pay the rent. D) He had sold it to the royal family.2. A) A storm. C) A forest fire.B) A strike. D) A Terrorist attack.Questions 3and 4 are based on the news report

5、you have just heard.3. A) They lost contact with the emergency department.B) They were injured by suddenly falling rocks.C) They sent calls for help via a portable radio. D) They were trapped in an underground elevator.4. A) They provided the miner with food and water.B) They sent supplies to keep t

6、he miners warm.C) They released the details of the accident.D) They tried hard to repair the accident.Question5 to7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Raise postage rates. C) Close some of its post offices.B) Improve its services. D) Redesign delivery routes.6. A) Closing offices

7、 on holidays. C) Computerizing mail sorting processes. B) Shortening business hours. D) Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays.7. A）A lot of controversy will ariseB) Taxpayers will be very pleasedC) Many people will begin to complainD) Many post office staff will lose their jobsSection BDirections:In t

8、his section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of eachconversation,you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from four choice marked A),B),C) and D).Then mark the correspondi

9、ng letter an Answer sheet1 with a single line though the centre. Question8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)He will lose part of his pay. C)He will be given a warning.B)He will go through retraining. D)He is go good terms with his workmates.9. A)He is an experienced press

10、 operator. C)He is always on time.B)He is trustworthy guy. D）He is go good terms with his workmates.10. A)She is a trade union representative. C)She is better at handing such matters. B)She is a senior manager of the shop. D)She is in charge of public relation.11. A)He is always trying to stir up tr

11、ouble.B)He is skilled and experienced.C)He is very close to the manager.D)He is always complaining about low wages.Question12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A)Open. C)Selfish.B)Reserved. D)Friendly.13. A)They read a book. C)They stay quiet.B)They talk about the weather D

12、)They chat with fellow passengers.14. A)She was unwilling to make friends with workmates.B)She was never invited to a colleagues home.C)She was eager to visit an English castle.D)She was always treated as a foreigner.15.A) House are much more quiet. C) They want a garden of their own. B) They want t

13、o have more space. D) Houses provide more privacy.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer fr

14、om the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) They will automatically be given hiring priority. B) They dont have to go through job interviews

15、. C) They are likely to get much higher pay. D) They dont have much choice of jobs.17.A) Visit the school careers services. C) Look at school bulletin boards. B) Ask their professors for help. D) Go through campus newspapers.18. A) Providing students with information about the library.B) Helping stu

16、dents arrange appointments with librarians.C) Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet atmosphere.D) Helping students find the books and journals they need.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It tastes better. C) It is easier to grow. B) It may be sold at a highe

17、r price. D) It can better survive extreme weathers.20. A) It can grow in drier soil. C) It will replace green tea one day.B) It is immune to various diseases. D) It is healthier than green tea.21. A) It does not have a stable market. B) It has made tea farmers life easier. C) It does not bring the p

18、romised health benefits. D) It has been well received by many tea drinkers.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) They care more about environment. B) They decorate their homes themselves. C) They prefer unique objects of high quality. D) They need decorations to show

19、 their status.23. A) They made great contributions to society. B) They could only try to create at night. C) They were proud of their creations. D) They focused on the quality of their products.24. A) Identify fake crafts. C) Design handicrafts themselves. B) Make wise choices. D) Learn the importan

20、ce of creation.25. A) To attract foreign investments. C) To arouse public interest in crafts. B) To preserve the traditional culture. D) To boost the local economy.PART Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to sel

21、ect oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throu

22、gh the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Many men and women have long bought into the idea that there are“male”and“female”brains,believing that explains just about every difference between the sexes.A new study 26 that belief, questioning whether brains really can b

23、e distinguished by gender. In the study, Tel Aviv University researchers 27 for sex differences throughout the entire human brain And what did they find? Not much. Rather than offer evidence for 28 brains as “male” or“female”,research shows that brains fall into a wide range , with most people falli

24、ng right in the middle. Daphna Joel ,who led the study, said her research found that while there are some genderbased 29 ,many different types of brain cant always be distinguished by gender. While the “average”male and“average”female brains were 30different, you couldnt tell it by looking at indivi

25、dual brain scans. Only a small 31of people had “all-male”or“all-female”characteristics. Larry Cahill, an American neuroscientist（神经科学家），said the study is an important addition to a growing body of research questioning 32 beliefs about gender and brain function. But he cautioned against concluding fr

26、om this study that all brains are the same, 33 of gender. “Theres a mountain of evidence 34 the importance of sex influences at all levels of brain function ,”he told The Seattle Times. If anything, he said, the study 35that gender plays a very important role in the brain“even when we are not clear

27、exactly how.” A) abnormal I) regardless B) applied J) searched C) brieflyK) similarities D) categorizing L）slightly E）challenges M) suggests F）figure N）tastes G）percentage O）traditional、 H）provingSection BDirections:In this section, you are gonging to read a passage with ten statements attached to i

28、t. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2.Can Burglars

29、 Jam Your wireless Security System?A Any product that promises to protect your home deserves careful examination. So it isnt surprising that youll find plenty of strong opinion about the potential vulnerabilities of popular home-security systems.B The most likely type of burglary(入室盗窃) by far is the

30、 unsophisticated crime of opportunity, usually involving a broken or some forced entry. According to the FBI, crimes like these accounted for roughly two-thirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2023. The wide majority of the rest were illegal, unforced entries that resulted from something li

31、ke a window being left open. The FBI doesnt even track those statistics.C One of the main theoretical home-security concerns is whether or not a given system is vulnerable to being blocked from working altogether. With wired setups, the fear is that a burglar(入室盗窃）might be able to shut your system d

32、own simply by cutting the right cable. With a wireless setup, you stick battery-powered sensor up around your home that keeps an eye on windows, doors, motion, and more. If they detect something wrong while the system is armed,theyll transmit a wireless alert signal to aa base station that will then

33、 raise the alarm. Thatapproach will eliminate most cord-cutting concerns-but what about their wireless equivalent, jamming? With the right device tuned to the right frequency, whats to stop a thief from jamming your setup and blocking that alert signal from ever reaching the base station?D Jamming c

34、oncerns are nothing new, and theyre not unique to security systems. Any deviceThats built to receive a wireless signal at a specific can be overwhelmed by a stronger signal coming in on the same frequency. For comparison, lets say you wanted to “jam” a conversation between two people-all youd need t

35、o do is yell in the listeners ear.E Security devices are required to list the frequencies they broadcast on-that means that a potential thief can find what they need to know with minimal Googling. They will, however, need to know what system they are looking for. If you have a sign in your yard decl

36、aring what setup you use, thatd point them in the right direction, thought at that point, we are talking about a highly targeted, semi-sophisticated attack, and not the sort of forced-entry attack that makes up the majority of burglaries. Its easier to find and acquire jamming equipment for some fre

37、quencies than it is for others.F Wireless security providers will often take steps to help combat the threat of jamming attacks. SimpliSafe, winner of our Editors Choice distinction, utilizes a special system thats capable of separating incidental RF interference form targeted jamming attacks. When

38、the system thinks its being jammed, itll notify you via push alert （推送警报）. From there, its up to you to sound the alarm manually.G SimpliSafe was singled out in one recent article on jamming, complete with a video showing the entire system being effectively bypassed with handheld jamming equipment .

39、After taking appropriate measure to contain the RF interference to our test lab, we tested the attack out for ourselves, and were able to verify that it is possible with the right equipment. However, we also verified that SimpliSafes anti-jamming system words. It caught us in the act, sent an alert

40、to my smartphone, and also listed our RF interference on the systems event log. The team behind the article and video in question make no mention of the system, or whether or not it detected them.H We like the unique nature of that software. It means that a thief likely wouldnt be able to Google how

41、 the system words, then figure out a way around it. Even if they could, SimpliSafe claims that its system is always evolving, and that it varies slightly form system to system, which means there wouldnt be a universal magic formula for cracking it. Other systems also seem confident on the subject of

42、 jamming. The team at Frontpoint addresses the issue in a blog on its site, citing their own jam protection software and claiming that there arent any documented cases of a successful jam attack since the company began offering wireless security sensors in the 1980s.I Jamming attacks are absolutely

43、possible. As said before, with the right equipment and the right know-how, its possible to jam any wireless transmission. But how probable is it that someone will successfully jam theirway into your home and steal your stuff?J Lets imagine that you live in a small home with a wireless security setup

44、 that offers a functional anti-jamming system. First, a thief is going to need to target your home, specifically.Then, hes going to need to know the technical details of your system and acquire the specific equipment necessary for jamming your specific setup. Presumably, you keep your doors locked a

45、t night and while youre away, so the thief will still need to break in. That means defeating the lock somehow, or breaking a window .Hell need to be jamming you at this point, as a broken window or opened door would normally release the alarm .So, too, would the motion detectors in your home, so the

46、 thief will need to continue jamming once hes inside and searching for things to steal. However, hell need to do so without tripping the anti-jamming system, the details of which he almost certainly does not have access to.K At the end of the day, these kinds of systems are primarily designed to protect against the sort of opportunistic smash-and-grab attac