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1、第一章质子运动学1.参考系:为描述物体的运动而选的标准物2.坐标系3.质点:在一定条件下,可用物体上任一点的运动代表整个物体的运动,即可把整个物体当做一个有质量的点,这样的点称为质点(理想模型)4.位置矢量(位矢):从坐标原点指向质点所在的位置5.位移:在t时间间隔内位矢的增量6.速度速率7.平均加速度8.角量和线量的关系9.运动方程10.运动的叠加原理位矢:ktzjtyitxtrr)()()()(位移:kzj yi xtrttrr)()(一般情况,rr速度:kzjyixkdtdzjdtdyidtdxdtrdtrt?0lim加速度:kzjyixkdtzdjdtydidtxddtrddtdtat
2、?222222220lim圆周运动角速度:?dtd角加速度:?22dtddtd(或用表示角加速度)线加速度:tnaaa法向加速度:22RRan指向圆心切向加速度:Rdtdat沿切线方向线速率:R弧长:Rs第二章牛顿运动定律1.牛顿运动定律:牛顿第一定律:任何物体都保持静止或匀速直线运动的状态,直到其他物体作用的力迫使它改变这种状态牛顿第二定律:当质点受到外力的作用时,质点动量p 的时间变化率大小与合外力成正比,其方向与合外力的方向相同牛顿第三定律:物体间的作用时相互的,一个物体对另一个物体有作用力,则另一个物体对这个物体必有反作用力。作用力和反作用力分别作用于不同的物体上,它们总是同时存在,大
3、小相等,方向相反,作用在同一条直线上。2.常见的力:万有引力;弹性力;摩擦力文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4
4、 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5
5、ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文
6、档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2
7、X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F
8、5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S
9、8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8第三章动量守恒定律和能量守恒定律1.动量:vmp描述物体运动状态的物理量2.冲量:力对时间的积累效应dtFI3.动量定理:质点动量的增量等于合力对质点作用的冲量,质点系动量的增量等于合外力
10、的冲量0ppdtF4.动量守恒定律:若质点系所受的合外力为零,系统的动量是守恒量5.功:描述力对空间的累积效应的物理量Wrdf保守力的功:只于物体的始末位置有关,与路径无关非保守力的功:与物体的始末位置有关,与路径无关6.势能:与物体位置有关的能量。当质点从A 点运动到B 点时保守力所做的功等于势能增量的负值引力势能重力势能弹性势能7.动能定理:质点的动能定理是合外力对质点做的功等于质点动能的增量;质点系的动能定理是外力及内力对质点系所做的总功等于系统动能的增量功能原理:系统外力的功与非保守内力的功之总和等于系统机械能的增量机械能守恒定律:如果系统外力的功与非保守内力的功之总和等于零,则系统的
11、机械能不变8.质心动量:mp冲量:21ttdtFI动量定理:21ttdtFpd210ttdtFpp动量守恒定律:若0iiFF,则常矢量iipp力矩:FrM质点的角动量(动量矩):rmprL角动量定理:dtLdM外力角动量守恒定律:若0外力外力MM,则常矢量iiLL功:rdFdW?BAABrdFW一般地BABABAzzzyyyxxxABdzFdyFdxFW动能:221mEk动能定理:质点,222121ABABmmW质点系,0kkEEWW内力外力文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2
12、U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9
13、L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M
14、1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7
15、J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:C
16、I9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN
17、3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6
18、Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8保守力:做功与路程无关的力。保守内力的功:pppEEEW)(12保守内力功能原理:pkEEWW非保守内力外力机械能守恒:若0非保守内力外力WW,则00pkpkEEEE文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编
19、码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4
20、 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5
21、ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文
22、档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2
23、X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F
24、5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S
25、8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8第四章刚体1.刚体:受力时大小和形状保持不变的物体(理想模型)2.刚体的运动:平动,转动(含定轴转动,定点转动)和平面平行转动3.刚体的定轴转动:刚体绕一固定轴转动,此时刚体上所以的点都绕一固定不变的直线做圆周运动。4.力矩:矢量FrM*转动惯量:描述刚体在转动中惯性大小的物理量(其大小与刚体的质量,质量的分布和转轴的选取有关)转动定律:刚体做定轴运动时所获的角加速度和所受到的合外力成正比,与刚体的转动惯量成反比5.质点:角动量:prL*角动量定理:dtLdM(质点对参考点角动量的变化率等于质点所受的对该参考点
26、的合外力矩)质点的角动量守恒定律:若质点所受到的对参考点的合外力距为零,则质点对参考点角动量不变化,L是常矢量6.刚体定轴转动:角动量L=Jw 角动量定理:dtLdM(刚体做定轴转动时,作用于刚体的合外力距等于刚体对该轴角动量对时间的变化率)角动量守恒定律:若刚体所受的合外力距为零或刚体不受外力矩,则刚体的角动量保持不变7.力矩做功:刚体做定轴转动时,变力做的功可以用力矩做功MdW刚体定轴转动的 动 能 定 理:合 外 力 距 对 绕 定 轴 转 动 刚 体 所 做 的 功 等 于 刚 体 转 动 动 能 的 增 量2022121JwJwW转动惯量:离散系统,2iirmJ连续系统,dmrJ2平
27、行轴定理:2mdJJC刚体定轴转动的角动量:JL刚体定轴转动的转动定律:dtdLJM刚体定轴转动的角动量定理:021LLMdttt力矩的功:MdW力矩的功率:MdtdWP转动动能:221JEk刚体定轴转动的动能定理:20221210JJMd文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4
28、 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5
29、ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文
30、档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2
31、X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F
32、5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S
33、8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8第五章静电场1.点电荷(
34、理想模型)电荷守恒定律:孤立带电体或带带系统中电荷的分布可以改变,但电荷总和保持不变库仑定律:2.电场强度:0qFE(与试验电荷的大小无关)电势:ldEVdVV3.静电场的高斯定理:在真空中的静电场中,通过任意闭合曲面的电场强度通量等于该闭合面所围所有电荷的代数和01(静电场是有源场)静电场的环路定理:在静电场中电场强度沿任意闭合路径的线积分为零(静电场是保守场)4.求解电场强度的几种方法:(1)已知空间电荷的分布,可用电场强度叠加原理计算电场强度(2)若已知空间电荷分布,电荷分布具有高度对称性,则可利用高斯定理来计算电场强度库仑定律:rerqqF221041电场强度:0qFE带电体的场强:r
35、iierdqEE204静电场的高斯定理:?iSqSdE01静电场的环路定理:?Ll dE0电势:?ppl dEV带电体的电势:rdqVVi04导体静电平衡:电场,1导体内场强处处为零;2导体表面处场强垂直表面电势,1导体是等势体;2导体表面是等势面电介质中的高斯定理:?iSqSdD各向同性电介质:EEDr0电容:UQC电容器的能量:22212121CUQUCQW文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2
36、U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9
37、L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M
38、1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7
39、J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:C
40、I9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN
41、3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6
42、Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8第六章静电场中的导体与电介质1.静电场中的导体:静电平衡(导体内部电场强度处处为零):导体是等势体,其表面为等势面;导体表面上任意一点的电场强度的方向都垂直于该处表面;当带电导体处于静电平衡时,导体内部处处没有净电荷存在,电荷只能分布在导体表面;导体表面附近的电场强度的大小与该处电荷的面密度成正比:孤对带电导体表面各处电荷密度的大小与该处表面的曲率半径有关。曲率半径越大的地方,电荷面密度越小静电屏蔽:外电场不可能对空腔内部空间发生任何影响;接地封闭导体腔外电场不受空腔内电荷的影响2.高斯定理的电
43、位移矢量表述:通过任意封闭曲面S 的电位移矢量等于该封闭面包围的自由电荷的代数和iqdsD*3.电容器的电容C=UQ(并联:C=C,串联C1=C14.静 电 能:电 场 的 能 量 密 度w=1/2202/1*EEDr;电 容 器 的 能 量W=Q/2C=1/2C2U=1/2QU 文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2
44、U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9
45、L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M
46、1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7
47、J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:C
48、I9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN
49、3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6Z7J2U10S8文档编码:CI9L2X6A2X4 HN3M1K3D3F5 ZB6
50、Z7J2U10S8第七章恒定磁场1.电流强度:I=dq/dt(单位时间内通过导线某一横截面的电荷)2.电源:提供非静电力的装置电源电动势:dlE3.毕萨定律:204reIdluBdr4.磁场中的高斯定理0SdB安培环路定理:iiIudlB05.洛伦兹力(电荷):BvqF安培力(电流元)BlIdFd毕萨定律:204relIdBdr磁场高斯定理:?SSdB0安培环路定理:?iIldB0载流长直导线的磁场:)cos(cos4210rIB无限长直导线的磁场:rIB20载流长直螺线管的磁场:)cos(cos2210nIB无限长直螺线管的磁场:nIB0洛仑兹力:BqF安培力:BlIdFd磁介质中的高斯定理