2020年高考物理一轮复习讲练测专题2.4实验二探究弹力和弹簧伸长量的关系(精练)含解析.pdf

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1、实验二探究弹力和弹簧伸长量的关系1(2019 广东深圳中学模拟)某同学利用如图甲装置做“探究弹簧弹力大小与其长度的关系”的实验(1)在安装刻度尺时，必须使刻度尺保持_状态(2)他通过实验得到如图乙所示的弹力大小F 与弹簧长度x 的关系图象由此图象可得该弹簧的原长x0_cm，劲度系数k _N/m.(3)他又利用本实验原理把该弹簧做成一把弹簧测力计，当弹簧测力计上的示数如图丙所示时，该弹簧的长度x_cm.【解析】(2)x0为乙图中F 0 时的 x 值，即 x04 cm.k F x6（164）102N/m50 N/m.(3)测力计示数F3.0 N，由乙图知弹簧长度x10 cm.【答案】(1)竖直(2

2、)450(3)10 2(2019 河北衡水第二中学模拟)为了探究弹簧弹力F 和弹簧伸长量x 的关系，李强同学选了甲、乙两根规格不同的弹簧进行测试，根据测得的数据绘出如图所示的图象(1)从图象上看，该同学没能完全按实验要求做，使图象上端成为曲线，图象上端成为曲线是因为_(2)这两根弹簧的劲度系数分别为：甲弹簧为_ N/m，乙弹簧为 _ N/m.若要制作一个精确度相对较高的弹簧测力计，应选弹簧_(选填“甲”或“乙”)【解析】(1)在弹性限度范围内弹簧的弹力与形变量成正比，超过弹簧的弹性限度范围，则此规律不成立，所以所给的图象上端成为曲线，是因为形变量超过弹簧的弹性限度第 1 页，共 10 页(2)

3、甲、乙两根弹簧的劲度系数分别为：k甲F甲 x甲46 102N/m 66.7 N/m k乙F乙 x乙84 102N/m 200 N/m 要制作一个精确程度较高的弹簧测力计，应选用一定的外力作用时形变量大的弹簧，故选甲弹簧【答案】(1)形变量超过弹簧的弹性限度(2)66.7200甲3(2019 浙江绍兴一中模拟)在探究弹力和弹簧伸长的关系时，某同学先按图(a)对弹簧甲进行探究，然后把弹簧甲和弹簧乙并联起来按图(b)进行探究在弹性限度内，将质量为m50 g 的钩码逐个挂在弹簧下端，分别测得图(a)、图(b)中弹簧的长度L1、L2如表所示已知重力加速度g10 m/s2，计算弹簧甲的劲度系数k_N/m，

4、由表中数据_(填“能”或“不能”)计算出弹簧乙的劲度系数【解析】分析图(a)中，钩码数量和弹簧伸长量的关系为每增加一个钩码，弹簧长度伸长约1 cm，所以弹簧劲度系数k1 F lmg l0.50 N0.01 m50 N/m.分析图(b)中可得，每增加一个钩码，弹簧伸长约0.32 cm，即 k10.003 2 k2 0.003 2 mg，根据弹簧甲的劲度系数可以求出弹簧乙的劲度系数【答案】50能4(2019 长春市实验中学模拟)某实验小组探究弹簧的劲度系数k 与其长度(圈数)的关系实验装置如图(a)所示：一均匀长弹簧竖直悬挂，7 个指针 P0、P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6分别固定在弹簧上距悬

5、点0、10、20、30、40、50、60 圈处；通过旁边竖直放置的刻度尺，可以读出指针的位置，P0指向 0刻度设弹簧下端未挂重物时，各指针的位置记为x0；挂有质量为0.100 kg 的砝码时，各指针的位置记为x.测量结果及部分计算结果如下表所示(n 为弹簧的圈数，取重力加速度为9.80 m/s2)已知实验所用弹簧总圈数为60，整个弹簧的自由长度为11.88 cm.第 2 页，共 10 页文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4

6、A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W

7、6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2

8、A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9

9、Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S

10、1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:C

11、P2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 H

12、C9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3文档编码:CP2A8C10L8U9 HC9Z4A6P8K5 ZZ1S1W6E5N3(1)将表中数据补充完整：_，_(2)以 n 为横坐标，1k为纵坐标，在图(b)给出的坐标纸上画出1kn 图象(3)图(b)中画出的直线可近似认为通过原点若从实验中所用的弹簧截取圈数为n的一段弹簧，该弹簧的劲度系数k与其圈数n 的关系的表达式为k_N/m；该弹簧的劲度系数k 与其自由长度l0(单位为 m)的关系的表达式为k _N/m.【解析】(1)kmg x20.100 9.80 N（5.264.06）102 m81.7 N/m.1k181.7m/N 0.012 2 m

13、/N.(2)描点法，画一条直线，让大部分的点都落在直线上，或均匀分布在直线两侧(3)设直线的斜率为a，则有1kan，即 k1a1n，通过计算斜率即可求得；弹簧共60 圈，则有 n60l00.118 8，把其代入k1a1n中可求得【答案】(1)81.70.012 2(2)如图所示(3)1.75 103n1.67 103n1.83 103n均正确第 3 页，共 10 页文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2

14、H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4

15、 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2

16、H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4

17、 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2

18、H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4

19、 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2

20、H3W63.47l03.31l03.62l0均正确5(2019 山西大学附中模拟)(1)某同学在探究“弹力和弹簧伸长量的关系”时，实验步骤如下：安装好实验装置，让刻度尺零刻度与弹簧上端平齐，在弹簧下端挂1 个钩码，静止时弹簧长度为l1，如图甲所示，图乙是此时固定在弹簧挂钩上的指针在刻度尺(最小分度是1 毫米)上位置的放大图，示数l1_ cm.在弹簧下端分别挂2 个、3 个、4个、5 个相同钩码，静止时弹簧长度分别是l2、l3、l4、l5.要得到弹簧伸长量x，还需要测量的是_作出 Fx 曲线，得到弹力与弹簧伸长量的关系(2)该同学更换弹簧，进行重复实验，得到如图丙所示的弹簧弹力F 与伸长量 x

21、的关系图线，由此可求出该弹簧的劲度系数为N/m.图线不过原点的原因是【解析】(1)由 mm 刻度尺的读数方法可知图乙中的读数为：25.85 cm；本实验中需要是弹簧的形变量，故还应测量弹簧的原长(2)有图象可知，斜率表示弹簧的劲度系数，k70.035200 N/m；图线不过原点的原因是由于弹簧有自重，使弹簧变长【答案】(1)25.85弹簧原长(2)200弹簧有自重6(2019 四川南充一中模拟)某同学为研究橡皮筋伸长量与所受拉力的关系，做了如下实验：如图 1 所示，将白纸固定在制图板上，橡皮筋一端固定在O 点，另一端A 系一小段轻绳(带绳结)；将制图板竖直固定在铁架台上将质量为m100 g 的

22、钩码挂在绳结上，静止时描下橡皮筋下端点的位置A0；用水平力拉A 点，使 A 点在新的位第 4 页，共 10 页文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:

23、CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T

24、2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:

25、CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T

26、2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:

27、CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T

28、2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6置静止，描下此时橡皮筋端点的位置A1；逐步增大水平力，重复5 次取下制图板，量出A1、A2 各点到 O 的距离 l1、l2 量出各次橡皮筋与OA0之间的夹角1、2在坐标纸上做出1cos l 的图象如图所示完成下列填空：(1)已知重力加速度为g，当橡皮

29、筋与OA0间的夹角为 时，橡皮筋所受的拉力大小为(用 g、m、表示)(2)取 g10 m/s2，由图 2 可得橡皮筋的劲度系数kN/m，橡皮筋的原长l0m(结果保留2 位有效数字)【解析】(1)对结点受力分析，根据共点力平衡可知mgTcos ，解得 Tmgcos；(2)在竖直方向，合力为零，则 klcos mg，解得1cos klmg，故斜率kkmg，由图象可知斜率k 100，故 kmgk100 N/m；由图象可知，直线与横坐标的交点即为弹簧的原长，为0.21 m.【答案】(1)mgcos(2)1.0 1020.21 7(2019 江西上饶一中模拟)某同学在“探究弹力和弹簧伸长量的关系”时，将

30、轻质弹簧竖直悬挂，弹簧下端挂一个小盘，在小盘中增添砝码，改变弹簧的弹力，通过旁边竖直放置的刻度尺可以读出弹簧末端指针的位置x，实验得到了弹簧指针位置x 与小盘中砝码质量m 的图象如图乙所示，取g10 m/s2.回答下列问题(1)某次测量如图甲所示，指针指示的刻度值为cm.(刻度尺单位为：cm)(2)从图乙可求得该弹簧的劲度系数为N/m.(结果保留两位有效数字)(3)另一同学在做该实验时有下列做法，其中错误的是A刻度尺零刻度未与弹簧上端对齐B实验中未考虑小盘的重力C读取指针指示的刻度值时，选择弹簧指针上下运动最快的位置读取D在利用xm 图线计算弹簧的劲度系数时舍弃图中曲线部分数据【解析】(1)刻

31、度尺的最小分度为0.1 cm，故读数为18.00 cm.(2)结合 mgkx，得 xgkm，由图可知k0.08 100.420.15N/m 3.0 N/m.(3)读数时开始时的零刻度应与弹簧上端对齐才能准确测量，故 A 错误；本实验中可采用图象进行处理，故小盘的重第 5 页，共 10 页文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2

32、H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4

33、 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2

34、H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4

35、 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2

36、H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4

37、 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6力可以不考虑，故 B 正确；在读指针的位置时，应让弹簧指针静止之后再读取

38、，故 C 错误；当拉力超过弹性限度时，将变成曲线，不再符合胡克定律，故应舍去，故D 正确【答案】(1)18.00(2)3.0(3)AC 8.(2019湖南湘潭一中模拟)某物理实验小组在探究弹簧的劲度系数k 与其原长l0的关系实验中，按图所示安装好实验装置，让刻度尺零刻度与轻质弹簧上端平齐，在弹簧上安装可移动的轻质指针P，实验时的主要步骤是：将指针P 移到刻度尺l015cm 处，在弹簧挂钩上挂上200 g 的钩码，静止时读出指针所指刻度并记录下来；取下钩码，将指针P 移到刻度尺l0210cm 处，在弹簧挂钩上挂上250 g 的钩码，静止时读出指针所指刻度并记录下来；取下钩码，将指针P 移到刻度尺

39、l0315cm 处，在弹簧挂钩上挂上50 g 的钩码，静止时读出指针所指刻度并记录下来；重复步骤，在每次重复时，都将指针P 下移 5cm，同时保持挂钩上挂的钩码质量不变将实验所得数据记录、列表如下：次数弹簧原长l0/cm弹簧长度l/cm钩码质量m/g 15.007.23200 210.0015.56250 315.0016.6750 420.0022.2350 525.0030.5650 根据实验步骤和列表数据(弹簧处在弹性限度内)，回答下列问题：(1)重力加速度g 取 10 m/s2.在实验步骤中，弹簧的原长为15cm 时，其劲度系数kN/m.(2)同一根弹簧的原长越长，弹簧的劲度系数(填选

40、项前的字母)A不变 B越大C越小【解析】(1)挂 50 g 钩码时，弹簧的弹力为0.5 N，根据胡克定律得：kF x0.516.6715.00 102N/m 30 N/m.(2)对第 3、4、5 次数据分析，弹簧弹力相等，同一根弹簧，原长越长，形变量越大，根据胡克定律Fkx 知，弹簧第 6 页，共 10 页文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2

41、J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:C

42、P9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2

43、J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:C

44、P9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2

45、J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:C

46、P9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6的劲度系数越小，故选C.【答案】(1)30(2)C

47、9(2019 安徽蚌埠二中模拟)如图甲所示，用铁架台、弹簧和多个已知质量且质量相等的钩码，探究在弹性限度内弹簧弹力与弹簧伸长量的关系实验(1)实验中还需要的测量工具有：_(2)如图乙所示，根据实验数据绘图，纵轴是钩码质量m，横轴是弹簧的形变量x.由图可知：图线不通过原点的原因是_；弹簧的劲度系数k_N/m(计算结果保留2 位有效数字，重力加速度g 取 9.8 m/s2)(3)如图丙所示，实验中用两根不同的弹簧a 和 b，画出弹簧弹力F 与弹簧长度L 的 FL 图象，下列正确的是()Aa 的原长比b 的长B a 的劲度系数比b 的大Ca 的劲度系数比b 的小D弹力与弹簧长度成正比【解析】(1)实

48、验需要测量弹簧伸长的长度，故需要毫米刻度尺(2)图线的物理意义是表明弹簧的弹力大小和弹簧伸长量大小成正比，则k F x4.9 N/m.由图可知，当F0 时，x大于零，说明没有挂重物时，弹簧有伸长，是由于弹簧自身的重力造成的，故图线不过原点的原因是弹簧有自重，实验中没有考虑(或忽略了)弹簧的自重(3)在图象中横截距表示弹簧的原长，故b 的原长比 a 的长，A 错误；在图象中斜率表示弹簧的劲度系数k，故 a 的劲度系数比b 的大，B 正确，C 错误；弹簧的弹力满足胡克定律，弹力与弹簧的形变量成正比，故D 错误【答案】(1)毫米刻度尺(2)弹簧有重力4.9(3)B 10(2019 湖南长沙一中模拟)

49、在“探究弹力和弹簧伸长量的关系”的实验中，某同学先测出不挂钩码时弹簧下端指针所指刻度尺刻度，然后将不同数量的相同的钩码依次悬挂在竖直弹簧下端，并记录好相应读数(1)某次测量如图所示，指针所指刻度尺读数为_cm第 7 页，共 10 页文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8

50、T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码:CP9V1I6Z9J4 HV9F4T8T2J4 ZV2L1V2H3W6文档编码