2018年度版高考~英语二轮专题复习突破讲义：专题三完形填空Word版含答案内容.doc

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1、|完形填空真题检测(一) 2017 年 6月浙江高考Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a _36_ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They _37_ various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was _38_ that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more _39_

2、 to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language new books, ancient books, _40_ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.She had asked the government for _41_ to move the books to a _42_ place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. _43_， she b

3、rought books home every night, _44_ her car late after work. Her friends came to _45_ her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant _46_ to hide some books. All through the _47_， Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, _48_ them over the sevenfoot wall and

4、_49_ them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war _50_. Then nine days later, a fire burned the _51_ to the ground.One day, the bombing stopped and the _52_ left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be _53_ again while the city was _54_.

5、 So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs (郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and _55_ peace and a new library.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在伊拉克战争中，Alia Baker和身边的人勇敢地保护图书馆书籍的故事。36A.meeting BworkingCpersonal Dreligious解析：选 A 根据下文可知，爱书人士经常到 Alia的图书馆看书、分享知识，对于这些人来说

6、，该图书馆是一个聚会处，故选 meeting。|37A.raised BhandledCreported Ddiscussed解析：选 D 结合语境可知，他们在这里讨论全世界各种各样的事情，故选 discussed，表示“讨论，议论” 。38A.worried BangryCdoubtful Dcurious解析：选 A 根据上文提到的战争即将来临，以及下文提到的 Alia和身边的人保护图书馆书籍的内容可知，此处指 Alia很担心书籍在战火中被毁掉，故选 worried。39A.practical BpreciousCreliable Dexpensive解析：选 B 根据语境及下文的“mou

7、ntains of gold”可知，Alia 认为这些书比金山还要珍贵，故选 precious，表示“珍贵的” 。40A.then BstillCeven Drather解析：选 C 空处上下文在语义上表示递进，指甚至(even)还有 700年前的有关伊拉克历史的书籍。41A.permission BconfirmationCexplanation Dinformation解析：选 A 根据语境可知，她希望得到政府允许把书搬到安全的(safe)地方，但他们拒绝了。ask sb.for permission 表示“请求某人的许可” ，符合语境。42A.large BpublicCdistant

8、Dsafe解析：选 D 参见上题解析。43A.Fortunately BSurprisinglyCSeriously DSecretly解析：选 D 根据语境可知，每晚很晚下班后，Alia 秘密地把书带回家。secretly“秘密地，偷偷地” ，符合语境。44A.starting BparkingCfilling Dtesting解析：选 C 根据上下文语境及空后的“her car”可知，Alia 把书装到她的汽车里运回家。fill表示“装满” 。45A.stop BhelpCwarn Drescue解析：选 B 根据下文的内容可知，战争爆发后，她的朋友们也赶来帮助(help)她。|46A.i

9、ntended BpretendedChappened Dagreed解析：选 D 根据下文可知，Anis 同意把一些书藏在自己的餐馆里，agree to do . 表示“同意做” 。47A.war BnightCbuilding Dway解析：选 B 根据语境可知，他们整个晚上都在从图书馆里搬书，这也照应了上文中的“every night”。48A.put BopenedCpassed Dthrew解析：选 C 根据上下文可知，他们要把书递过 7英尺的高墙，并把它们藏在餐馆里。pass表示“传递” 。49A.hid BexchangedCburnt Ddistributed解析：选 A 参见

10、上题解析。hide 表示“隐藏” 。下文的 hidden亦是提示。50A.approached BeruptedCcontinued Dended解析：选 C 根据语境及上文中的“the war broke out”可知，战争还在继续(continued)。51A.restaurant BlibraryCcity Dwall解析：选 B 根据语境及下文中的“a new library”可知，图书馆被全部焚毁了，故选library。52A.neighbours BsoldiersCfriends Dcustomers解析：选 B 一天，轰炸停止了，士兵们也离开了，所以选 soldiers。53.

11、A.sold BreadCsaved Dmoved解析：选 D 根据下文可知，Alia 知道，尽管城市是安静的，如果要想这些书安全，他们必须把这些书再转移(moved)出去。54A. occupied BbombedCquiet Dbusy解析：选 C 参见上题解析。quiet 表示“安静的” 。|55A.dreamed of Bbelieved inCcared about Dlooked for解析：选 A 根据语境可知，Alia 等待着战争的结束，梦想着(拥有)和平和一个新的图书馆。dream of 表示“梦想，期盼” 。完形填空真题检测(二) 2016 年 10月浙江高考When my

12、 son Gene was about 12 years old, I started helping him learn to _36_. I bought twenty chickens and asked him to _37_ them. I told him that they would be his own chickens and we would _38_ the eggs from him. However, he would have to buy chicken _39_ with the money he made from the eggs. Whatever mo

13、ney was _40_ would be his to keep. Gene was _41_， thinking he would make his first _42_.After several weeks successful work, I began to _43_ that egg production was going down. I _44_ nothing about it. Then one night, Gene told me he didnt have _45_ money to buy the feed. He said the chickens had ne

14、ver _46_ a meal and he could not figure out why some of them had stopped _47_ eggs.Then I asked him if he had _48_ the amount of feed he had given the chickens.He was _49_. It was like he did not think anyone would ever _50_ what he had done.After a long _51_， he said yes.He thought he would make mo

15、re money if he gave them _52_ food.I asked him, “Did you fool the chickens？”I was just astonished at the question in my own _53_. I was dumbfounded (惊呆) at the _54_ of it. Yes, you can fool everyone else, but you cannot “fool the chickens”， because _55_， you will find out, as the saying goes, “What

16、goes around comes around.”语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过教儿子养鸡的经历，反思生活中对待问题的态度，从而得出重要的人生启示：永远不要耍花招，因为有因就有果。36A.cook BshareCcount Dwork解析：选 D 根据下文内容可知，此处指作者开始帮助儿子学会做事，work“劳动，干活” 。37A.take care of BobserveCtrain Dplay with解析：选 A 根据下文作者让儿子自己喂养鸡可知，他买来这些鸡让儿子照顾。observe“观察，遵守，庆祝” ；train“训练” ；play with“与玩耍” 。38A.save

17、 Bborrow|Cbuy Dkeep解析：选 C 根据下文的“with the money he made from the eggs”可知，这里表示“我们从他这里买走鸡蛋” 。39A.nest BsoupCmeat Dfeed解析：选 D 根据第 45空后边的“money to buy the feed”可知，这里应用 feed，表示“饲料” 。40A.given back Bpicked upCleft over Dbrought in解析：选 C be left over“剩下，残留” ，此处指“剩下的钱由他保管” 。41A.thrilled BworriedCsatisfied Dd

18、iscouraged解析：选 A 根据语境可知，此处表示“想到他要挣得人生第一桶金，他感到很激动” 。thrilled“非常兴奋，极为激动” 。42A.deal BcontributionCfortune Dchoice解析：选 C 参见上题解析。43A.hear BnoticeCpredict Dimagine解析：选 B 此处表示“我注意到鸡蛋的产量下降了” ，故选 B。44A.said BfoundCthought Drecalled解析：选 A 此处表示“我注意到鸡蛋的产量下降了，但是我什么都没说” 。45A.private BhonestCpocket Denough解析：选 D 根

19、据语境可知，因为鸡蛋产量下降，所以吉恩没有足够的钱来买饲料了。46A.missed BwastedCenjoyed Dfinished解析：选 A 此处表示“他说这些鸡从来没有少吃一餐，他不明白为什么有些鸡停止下蛋了”。miss“错过” ；waste“浪费” ；enjoy“喜爱” ；finish“完成” 。47A.hatching BlayingCgathering Dhiding解析：选 B 参见上题解析。48A.balanced Bchecked out|Ccut down Dmeasured解析：选 C 根据上文可知，有些鸡停止下蛋了，所以此处表示“我问他是否减少了鸡的饲料量” 。bal

20、ance“平衡” ；check out“检查” ；cut down“减少，削减” ；measure“测量，度量”。49A.delighted BshockedCtired Ddisappointed解析：选 B 根据下文的“he did not think .what he had done”可知，他没想到有人会知道他的所作所为，他感到震惊。50A.forgive BallowCdiscuss Dknow解析：选 D 参见上题解析。51A.silence BabsenceCnegotiation Dpreparation解析：选 A 此处表示“他沉默了一会儿，然后就承认了” 。silence“

21、沉默” ；absence“缺席，不在” ；negotiation“谈判” ；preparation“准备” 。52A.heavy BfresherCless Dsolid解析：选 C 根据上文可知，他给鸡喂的饲料比以前少了。53A.life BjobCcase Dmind解析：选 D in my own mind 在此意为“在我的脑海里” 。54A.explanation BsignificanceCtrick Dexample解析：选 B 此处指“我想到了这个问题所揭示的意义” 。significance“意义，含义” 。55A.in this respect Bin the endCin

22、contrast Din addition解析：选 B 此处表示“最终，你会发现，正如俗语所说，有因就有果” ，故选 B。一 完形填空考查动向完形填空要求考生不仅能理解文字的含义，而且还要结合上下文语境进行思考，主要考查考生根据上下文正确使用词语的综合能力。|下面就 2017年 6月、2016 年 10月浙江高考以及 2017年全国卷的完形填空试题做简单分析：考点分布卷别 体裁 题材 动词(短语)名词 形容词 副词介词(短语)2017年 6月浙江高考记叙文Alia Baker和身边的人在战火中勇敢地保护书籍10 4 4 2 02016年 10月浙江高考夹叙夹议文因果报应 10 5 4 0 12

23、017年全国卷记叙文学习美式手语的经历及感受9 5 5 1 01短文特点(1)长度：完形填空的文章长度一般为 250词左右，脉络清晰，难度适中。(2)体裁：完形填空文章体裁以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主，说明文和议论文为辅，所以在备考中考生应高度重视记叙文和夹叙夹议文类的完形填空。(3)题材：选材内容生活化，心灵鸡汤、具有教育意义的文章居多。2设题规律(1)设空词类主要是五类词：名词、动词、形容词、副词和介词短语。多数情况下，名词和动词考查的数量较多。(2)高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。如 2016年 10月浙江高考完形填空第 37题和第 48题的四个选项均有两

24、个动词及两个动词短语构成。(3)考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况，突出在语篇中对词汇的综合运用能力。不涉及或极少涉及单纯的语法知识、习惯用法和句型结构。备考时考生应把握考查方向，加强语篇意识，从宏观和微观两个层面解读文章，理清文章脉络。平时考生还应注重对常考体裁、题材的训练。二 完形填空解题的 6个微技能1利用词语复现解题在完形填空题目中，语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义/近义词复现和同根词复现等。考|生不需要做出推理判断，利用上下文的复现信息，就能轻松确定正确答案。(1)原词复现：在上下文中同一词汇反复出现典例 (201610 月浙江高考节选)When my son Gene

25、was about 12 years old, I started helping him learn to 36(work). I bought twenty chickens and asked him to 37(take_care_of) them. I told him that they would be his own chickens and we would 38(buy) the eggs from him. However, he would have to buy chicken _39_ with the money he made from the eggs. Wh

26、atever money was 40(left_over) would be his to keep. Gene was 41(thrilled),_thinking he would make his first 42(fortune)After several weeks successful work, I began to 43(notice) that egg production was going down. I 44(said) nothing about it. Then one night, Gene told me he didnt have 45(enough) mo

27、ney to buy the feed.39A.nest BsoupCmeat Dfeed分析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。根据第 45空后“to buy the feed”，可知 Gene卖鸡蛋挣的钱要用来买饲料，故选 D。(2)同义/近义词复现：意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的语言复现典例 (2017全国卷节选)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I mysel

28、f went through this _41_ process and found something that has changed my 42(experience) at college for the better: I discovered ASL American Sign Language (美式手语)41A.searching BplanningCnatural Dformal分析：本题可以利用近义词复现解题。第 41空是上文“explore”的近义词复现，故选 A。(3)同根词复现：词形变化的词汇复现典例 (2016北京高考节选)It was a cold January

29、 in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 36(examined) a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37(helpless) if it st

30、ruck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38(However),_the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.|How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns 39(harbor) was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses cou

31、ldnt travel on the _40_ roads.40A.narrow BsnowyCbusy Ddirty分析：本题可以利用同根词复现解题。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，空处与首段最后一个单词 snow是同根词复现，故选 B。2利用词语同现解题某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，叫词语同现。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如 ill, hospital, doctor, nurse, operation, medicine等一群相互关联的词语就有同时出现在一个语篇中的可能性。根据这种“同现”关系可确定某一空格的答案。典例 (2016

32、全国卷节选)Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was _41_ along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42(customers). Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.41A.walking BtouringCtraveling Drushing分析：此题属词语同现。最有可能与 driver(司机)，transport(运输)，delivering(运载)等词同现的应当是“行驶

33、(traveling)” ，walking 和 rushing表示人行进，不是机动车行进，touring表示“旅行” ，故选 C。3利用逻辑关系解题(1)利用逻辑关系语解题逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连接成分，主要有：词(包括连词、副词和少数介词)，如 and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等。短语，如 in other words, in addition, as a result, on the contrary, instead of 等。分句和独立结构，如 that is t

34、o say, what is more, generally speaking等。在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项。典例 (20176 月浙江高考节选)Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be _53_ again while the city was 54_(quiet). So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs (郊区)53A.sold BreadCs

35、aved Dmoved|分析：根据后面的逻辑关系语“So”和“she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs”可知，她决定趁城市平静的时候，再次转移这些图书，故选 D。(2)利用上下文暗示解题在完形填空选项的设置上多考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。因此，在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。开头的题目需要从下文查找信息；中间或最后的题目需要从上下文查找信息，信息常见的有单个的词、短

36、语、句子，但有时是语境暗示。典例 (20176 月浙江高考节选)Anis who owned a restaurant _46_ to hide some books.All through the 47_(night),_Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, 48(passed) them over the sevenfoot wall and 49(hid) them in the restaurant.46A.intended BpretendedChappened Dagreed

37、分析：根据下文语境可知， 他们在夜里转移图书，由此可知，Alia 的朋友 Anis同意把图书藏在他的饭店里，故选 D。4利用背景常识解题完形填空题所选的文章大都贴近考生生活。考生在解题时，可以将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，但仍需简单推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。典例 (2016全国卷节选)Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man _56_ and let them go to

38、work. Then, Larry asked the 57(police) if he was needed or 58(free) to go. They let him and the other man go.56A.stepped forward Bbacked offCmoved on Dset out分析：消防人员和救援人员一到，Larry 和那位司机就退到后边让他们工作了起来。根据常识，紧急救援需要专业人员处理其他人员应该退后。step forward“往前走” ；back off“往后退” ；move on“继续往前” ；set out“出发，动身” 。故选 B。5利用首尾呼应关系解题记叙文类的完形填空在很多情况下不仅仅是在讲一个故事，而是要通过故事来升华主题，而升华的内容往往在文章结尾处，与首段内容形成首尾呼应关系。因此，我们做题不是只看到最后一空，而是要看到最后一个词，而且要学会“回头看”(重点看首段)。不要因我们过早地