软件工程软件工程软件工程 (59).pdf

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1、软件软件交互设计 交互设计?可用性（usability）可用性 Usability 可用性 Usability Usability means easy to learn,effective to use and provide an enjoyable experience 学习学习成本 成本 可用性 可用性 记忆记忆成本 成本 交互交互效率 效率 满意满意程度 程度 Memorability Efficiency Learnability Satisfaction Human Factors可用性 Usability 可用性 Usability Human FactorsSize?One

2、hand operation?Visibility?Icon size and arrangement?人机工程 Ergonomics:Ergonomics:fitting to the physical bodyfitting to the physical body Whats Apples Golden Rule?可用性 Usability 可用性 Usability Human Factors Physical:vision,sound,touch Chemical:smell,taste,pain Vision Frequency:100ms Discrimination:104 C

3、olors Remember:102 Colors 人机工程 Ergonomics:Ergonomics:fitting to the physical bodyfitting to the physical body 交互感知 PerceptionPerception:sensing the world sensing the world Whats Video frame rate?可用性 Usability 可用性 Usability Properties Conscious 意识 Unconscious 潜意识 Engaged by Novelty Emergencies Danger

4、 Repetition Expected Events Safety Used in New Circumstances Routine situations Can handle Decisions Nonbranching tasks Accepts Logical propositions Logic or inconsistencies Operates Sequentially Simultaneously Controls Volition Habits Capacity Tiny Huge Persists for Tenths of seconds Decades(lifelo

5、ng)Human Factors 人机工程 Ergonomics:Ergonomics:fitting to the physical bodyfitting to the physical body 交互感知 PerceptionPerception:sensing the world sensing the world 交互认知 CognitionCognition:attention to the world attention to the world Attention,Learning,Remembering and forgetting 可用性 Usability 可用性 Usa

6、bility Properties Conscious 意识 Unconscious 潜意识 Engaged by Novelty Emergencies Danger Repetition Expected Events Safety Used in New Circumstances Routine situations Can handle Decisions Nonbranching tasks Accepts Logical propositions Logic or inconsistencies Operates Sequentially Simultaneously Contr

7、ols Volition Habits Capacity Tiny Huge Persists for Tenths of seconds Decades(lifelong)Human Factors 人机工程 Ergonomics:Ergonomics:fitting to the physical bodyfitting to the physical body 交互感知 PerceptionPerception:sensing the world sensing the world 交互认知 CognitionCognition:attention to the world attent

8、ion to the world Differences among the UIs of Google,Yahoo,Bing?可用性 Usability 可用性 Usability ISO 9241(ISO 9241(可用性标准)定义用户完成任务时的 effectiveness effectiveness can you achieve what you want to?can you achieve what you want to?efficiencyefficiency can you do it without wasting effort?can you do it without wasting effort?satisfaction satisfaction do you enjoy the process?do you enjoy the process?参考此类规范、根据软件任务参考此类规范、根据软件任务，建立交互设计建立交互设计规则规则和和启发式评测框架 启发式评测框架 ID的目标和验证评测依据规则(Principles)及其度量 学习学习成本 成本 可用性 可用性 记忆记忆成本 成本 交互交互效率 效率 满意满意程度 程度