2019年全国卷I高考英语试卷以及答案(全国1卷.pdf

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1、20192019 年全国统一高考英语试卷（全国年全国统一高考英语试卷（全国 1 1 卷）卷）第一部分第一部分 听力（共两节）第一节（共听力（共两节）第一节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 7.57.5 分）听下面分）听下面 5 5 段对段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A A、B B、C C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有对话后，你都有 1010 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一

2、遍。例：How much is the shirtHow much is the shirt？A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是答案是 C C1（1.5 分）Where does this conversation take place？AIn a classroomBIn a hospitalCIn a museum2（1.5 分）What does Jack want to do？ATake fitness classesBBuy a pair of gym shoesCChange his work schedule3（1.5

3、分）What are the speakers talking about？AWhat to drinkBWhere to meetCWhen to leave4（1.5 分）What is the relationship between the speakers？AColleaguesBClassmatesCStrangers5（1.5 分）Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation？AShe might want a ticketBShe is looking for the manCShe has an extra ticket第二节（每小题第

4、二节（每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 22.522.5 分）听下面分）听下面 5 5 段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的小题，从题中所给的 A A、B B、C C 三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 5 秒钟的作答时间每段对话或秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍独白读两遍第 1 1 页（共 1616 页）6（3 分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）How long d

5、id James run his business？A10 yearsB13 yearsC15 years（2）How does the woman feel about James situation？AEmbarrassedBConcernedCDisappointed7（4.5 分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）What has Kates mother decided to do？AReturn to schoolBChange her jobCRetire from work（2）What did Kates mother study at college？AOil paintingBA

6、rt historyCBusiness administration（3）What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decision？ADisapprovingBAmbiguousCUnderstanding8（4.5 分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）What is the man doing？AChairing a meetingBHosting a radio programCConducting a job interview（2）What benefits Mary most in her job？AHer wide readingBHer le

7、aders guidance第 2 2 页（共 1616 页）CHer friends help（3）Who will Mary talk about next？AHer teacherBHer fatherCHer mother9（6 分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）Why does the man seldom do exercise？AHe lacks motivationBHe has a heart problemCHe works all the time（2）What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do？AHes an athleteBHes a r

8、esearcherCHes a journalist（3）Why does the woman speak of a study？ATo encourage the manBTo recommend an exerciseCTo support her findings（4）How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly？A300 minutesB150 minutesC75 minutes10（4.5 分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）What did the scientists do to the road？AThey

9、repaired itBThey painted itCThey blocked it（2）Why are young birds drawn to the road surface？AIts warmBIts brown第 3 3 页（共 1616 页）CIts smooth（3）What is the purpose of the scientists experiment？ATo keep the birds there for a whole yearBTo help students study the birds wellCTo prevent the birds from bei

10、ng killed第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分 3030 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 D D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。11（6 分）Need a Job This Summer？The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students findsummer jobs The deadlines and what you need to apply dep

11、end on the programNot a student？Go to the government website to learn about programs and online toolsavailable to help people under 30 build skills，find a job or start businesses all year roundJobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province，you could be eligible（符合条件）for

12、this program，Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along withtrainingWho is eligible：Youth 1518 years old in select communities（社区）Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands on business training and awards of upto$3，000 to start and run their own summer businessesWho is eligib

13、le：Students aged 1529，returning to school in the fallStewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resourcemanagement projects for eight weeks this summerWho is eligible：Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire，but not turning 18 beforeDecem

14、ber 31 this yearSummer Employment Opportunities（机会）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program，students are hired each year第 4 4 页（共 1616 页）in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service，its related agenciesand community groupsWho is eligible：Students aged 15 or older

15、Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability（1）What is special about Summer Company？A It requires no training before employmentB It provides awards for running new businessesC It allows one to work in the natural environmentD It offers more summer job oppor

16、tunities（2）What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program？A1518B1524C1529D1617（3）Which program favors the disabled？A Jobs for YouthB Summer CompanyC Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramD Summer Employment Opportunities12（8 分）For Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue，NY，today i

17、s speechday，and right now its Chris Palaezs turn The 8 year old is the joker of theclass With shining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy publicspeakingBut hes nervousIm here to tell you today why you should shouldChris trips onthe ld，a pronunciation difficulty for many non nativ

18、e English speakers Histeacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering supportVote for me Except for some stumbles，Chris is doing amazingly well When he brings his speech to anice conclusion，Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise himA son of immigrants，Chris started learning English a little

19、over three years第 5 5 页（共 1616 页）ago Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroomLearning English as a second language can be a painful experience What you need is agreat teacher who lets you make mistakes It takes a lo

20、t for any student，Whaley explains，especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confidentenough to say，I dont know，but I want to knowWhaley got the idea of this second grade presidential campaign project when he askedthe children one day to raise their hands if they

21、thought they could never be a president Theanswer broke his heart Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read andspeak in public He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselvesBoasting about yourself，and your best qualities，Whaley says，is very difficult fora child who

22、came into the classroom not feeling confident（1）What made Chris nervous？A Telling a storyB Making a speechC Taking a testD Answering a question（2）What does the underlined word stumbles in paragraph 2 refer to？A Improper pausesB Bad mannersC Spelling mistakesD Silly jokes（3）We can infer that the purp

23、ose of Whaleys project is toA help students see their own strengthsB assess students public speaking skillsC prepare students for their future jobsD inspire students love for politics（4）Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher？A HumorousB Ambitious第 6 6 页（共 1616 页）C CaringD Demandin

24、g13（8 分）As data and identity theft becomes more and more common，the market is growingfor biometric（生物测量）technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of privateespaces At present，these technologies are still expensive，thoughResearchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low c

25、ost device（装置）that gets around this problem：a smart keyboardThis smart keyboard preciselymeasures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to eachkey The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force ofa users typing and the time between

26、 key presses These patterns are unique to eachpersonThus，the keyboard can determine peoples identities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer its connected to regardless of whethersomeone gets the password rightIt also doesnt require a new type of technology that people

27、 arent already familiarwith Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differentlyIn a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the wordtouchfour times using the smart keyboard Data collected from the device could be used torecognize different participants based on

28、how they typed，with very low error rates Theresearchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and ismostly made of inexpensive，plasticlike parts The team hopes to make it to market inthe near future（1）Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard？A To reduce pre

29、ssure on keysB To improve accuracy in typingC To replace the password systemD To cut the cost of espace protection（2）What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？A Computers are much easier to operateB Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast第 7 7 页（共 1616 页）C Typing patterns vary fro

30、m person to personD Data security measures are guaranteed（3）What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？AItll be environmentfriendlyBItll reach consumers soonCItll be made of plasticsDItll help speed up typing（4）Where is this text most likely from？AA diaryBA guidebookCA novelDA magazine14（8

31、 分）During the rosy years of elementary school（小学），I enjoyed sharing my dollsand jokes，which allowed me to keep my high social statusI was the queen of theplayground Then came my tweens and teens，and mean girls and cool kids They rosein the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes，breaki

32、ng rules and playingjokes on others，among whom I soon found myselfPopularity is a wellexplored subject in social psychologyMitch Prinstein，aprofessor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and thestatus seekers The likables playswellwithothers qualities strengthen s

33、choolyardfriendships，jumpstart interpersonal skills and，when tapped early，are employed everafter in life and work Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behaviorEnviable as the cool kids may have seemed，Dr Prinsteins studies show unp

34、leasantconsequences Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those leastliked in elementary school，are most likely to engage（从事）in dangerous and riskybehaviorIn one study，Dr Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents，scoring the least liked，the most liked and

35、 the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）We found that the least wellliked teens had become more aggressive over time第 8 8 页（共 1616 页）toward their classmates But so had those who were high in status It clearly showed thatwhile likability can lead to healthy adjustment，high status has jus

36、t the opposite effect onusDr Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on aplay datesharing，kindness，openness carry over to later years and make you betterable to relate and connect with othersIn analyzing his and other research，Dr Prinstein came to another conclus

37、ion：Notonly is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for thoseoutcomes，too Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of lifeexperiences that help somebody gain an advantage，he said（1）What sort of girl was the author in her early years of eleme

38、ntary school？A UnkindB LonelyC GenerousD Cool（2）What is the second paragraph mainly about？A The classification of the popularB The characteristics of adolescentsC The importance of interpersonal skillsD The causes of dishonorable behavior（3）What did Dr Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids

39、？A They appeared to be aggressiveB They tended to be more adaptableC They enjoyed the highest statusD They performed well academically（4）What is the best title for the text？A Be NiceYou Wont Finish LastB The Higher the Status，the BetterC Be the BestYou Can Make It第 9 9 页（共 1616 页）D More SelfControl，

40、Less Aggressiveness第二节（满分第二节（满分 1010 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项项中有两项为多余选项15（10 分）Is Fresh Air Really Good for You？We all grew up hearing people tell us to go out and get some fresh air（1）According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air qual

41、ity in your camping areais good（2）If the air youre breathing is cleanwhich it would be if youre away fromthe smog of citiesthen the air is filled with lifegiving，energizing oxygen If youexercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even moreoxygen to get to your muscles（

42、肌肉）and your brainRecently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world andhealing（治愈）（3）In these places patients can go to be near nature during theirrecovery It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lowerblood pressure，and put people into a bet

43、ter mood（情 绪）Greenery is good forus Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a fasterrate than patients who see buildings or sky instead（4）It gives us a great feelingof peace（5）While the suns rays can age and harm our skin，they also give isbeneficial Vitamin

44、D To make sure you get enough Vitamin Dbut still protect your skinput on sunscreen right as you head outside It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to startworking，and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin DA Fresh air cleans our lungsB So what are you waiting for？C

45、Being in nature refreshes usD Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlightE But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said？F Just as importantly，we tend to associate air with health care第 1010 页（共 1616 页）G All across the country，recovery centers have begun building Heali

46、ng Gardens第三部分第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）阅读下面短文，从分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的短文后各题所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 D D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项16（30 分）Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highestmountain in Africa They（1）with them lots of waste

47、 The（2）might damage the beauty of the place The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing，changingthe（3）of KilimanjaroHearing these stories，Im（4）about the place other destinations aredescribed as purer natural experiencesHowever，I soon（5）that much has changed since the days of disturbingreports of（6）among tons o

48、f rubbish I find a（7）mountain，withtoilets at camps and along the paths The environmental challenges are（8）but theefforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be（9）The best of a Kilimanjaro（10），in my opinion，isnt reaching thetop Mountains are（11）as spiritual places by many cultures Th

49、is（12）is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as（13）go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers At the base is a rainforest It ends abruptly at 3，000meters，（14）lands of low growing plants Further up，the weather（15）low clouds envelope the mountainsides，which are covered with thick g

50、rass I（16）twelve shades of green from where I stand Above 4，000 meters is the highland（17）：gravel（砾石），stones and rocks （18）you climb into anarcticlike zone with（19）snow and the glaciers that may soon disappearDoes Kilimanjaro（20）its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines oftourists ruining the