中考英语语法总复习--非谓语动词：动词不定式 动名词 讲与练.doc

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1、非谓语动词：动词不定式+动名词 讲与练（含答案） 中考英语语法总复习基本概念在英语中，不作句子谓语，但仍具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分类不定式（to do sth）；动名词（v-ing）；现在分词（doing）；过去分词（done）；初中阶段需要掌握的主要是动名词和不定式的固定搭配，及现在分词和过去分词的用法差别。非谓语动词用法：动词不定式（to do）的用法：1. 作主语：To learn English well is important.To eat vegetables can help us keep healthy. 动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替

2、换。Learning English is important.Eating vegetables can help us keep healthy. 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。Its important to learn English.It can help us keep healthy to eat vegetables.2. 作表语：My job is to teach English./His hobby is to collect stamps.3. 作宾语：(1).动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：want=would like(想要

3、),learn, teach,make up ones mind=decide=determine(决定做),hope,wish,agree, afford(负担得起),try (do) ones best(尽力),take actions(采取行动),plan, expect,manage（设法）, fail, offer(主动提出), promise, refuse（拒绝）, pretend(假装),prepare,fear,demand/need(要求，需要),arrange(安排),have ability(有能力)。He wants to go home at o

4、nce. I began to play the piano when I was four.4. 作宾语补足语：(1).动词不定式还可用作双宾的形式，这些动词有want=would like(想要),task / tell / teach/warn(警告)/ wish / need=require=request(需要，要求)/expect /wish/ order =instruct=comand(命令，指示)/ encourage / allow =permit(允许)/ invite / enable /

5、force /advise(建议)/beg(求)/bear(忍受)/drive(驱使)/cause(致使，引起)/persuade(说服)sb. (not)to do sth.Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. Mother told me not to come home late.Id like you to meet my family.批注：advise sb. to do sth./suggest (that) sb.(should) do sth.(虚拟语气)使役动词make, let, have后的

6、宾语补足语，其不定式的to要省略。而help 后的不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但是改成被动语态时，要加“to”:make/let/have sb. do sth. /help sb.(to) do sth.Could you please help me (to) do some housework?I hear him sing every night. (变成被动语态)He is heard to sing by me every night.(变成被动语态)We saw her play the piano last night.She was seen to play the p

7、iano by us last night.It made me feel sad.(变成被动语态)I was made to feel sad by it.注意：感官动词see, hear, watch, notice等动词的用法：seeSb. hear sb. / sth. doing sth.watch donotice5.作定语：(1)这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。I have much work to do. Do you have anything to say?Would you like something. to eat? Its a good place t

8、o have fun.如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。There is nothing to worry_. / He has no room to live _.The dog is easy to take care _. / Id like some paper to write _.(2)说明所修辞名词的内容：We had a plan to finish the work.(3)被修辞名词是不定式逻辑主语：He is the first to get there.6. 作状语：I came here to see you. （目的）Im sor

9、ry to hear that. （原因）Tom is too young to go to school. （结果）To get to work, he takes No.7 bus every day. （目的）7. “疑问词+不定式”结构：疑问词who, what, when, where, how, which等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。Where to live is a problem. （主语）Do you know when to start? （宾语）The problem is how to use the machine. （表语）I don

10、t know to do it. （宾语） A.what B. how8.固定短语.cant wait to do sth迫不及待做某事get/have a chance to do sth.得到一个做某事的机会Its+ adj.+(for sb) to do sth.做某事（对某人来说）怎么样Its+adj.+(of sb.) to do sth.It takes sb. Some time/money to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）Its best for sb. to do sth对某人来说做某事是最好的Its time for sb to do sth.是

11、某人做某事的时候了too(for sb.)to .太.以致不能.=notenough to do=so.that.(否定)动名词(V-ing)的用法：1. 作主语：Seeing is believeing.Watching Tv is bad for your eyes.2. 作表语：Her favorite is reading.3.作宾语：I like reading .Thanks for inviting me.4. 作定语：Its a reading room. running star, living room, eating habit, English-speaking cou

12、ntry, Tree-planting Day5. 有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式，这些动词有：enjoy/like/love(喜欢)/hate=dislike(讨厌) doing sth.stop sb. from doing sth. =(prevent/keep)（阻止某人做某事）feel like doing sth. 想要做某事. succeed in doing sth.=manage to do sth.设法成功做某事spend(in) doing 花费做某事=It take sb. time to do sth.thanks for doing sth. 因某事感谢某人h

13、ave fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很有趣/高兴practice doing sth. 练习做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事(11) be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth忙于做某事(12) give up doing sth. 放弃做某事(13) cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事(14) have trouble/problem/a hard time / difficulty doing sth. 做某事有困难(15) put off

14、/delay doing sth. 推迟做某事(16). keep sb. doing / keep doing sth.使某人保持做某事(17) prefer doing to (介词) doing 比起更喜欢=would rather do than do=prefer to do rather than do=like doing better than doing.(18)admit(承认) doing sth./deny（否认）doing sth.(19)be afraid of doing sth/ to do sth (害怕做)(20)sth be worth doing 值得做

15、.(21)waste time(money) doing sth.(22)be proud of doing sth. 骄傲做.(23)be interested in doing sth. 对.感兴趣(24)be good at=do well in doing sth 擅长做.(25)be keen on=be fond of doing sth. 沉迷做.(26)Its no use/good doing sth. 做.没用(27)how about=what about doing sth (.怎么样？)(28)advise=suggest(建议) doing sth(29)allow

16、 =permit(允许) doing sth(30) get/be used to doing sth 习惯做某事比较：used to do sth 过去常常做某事/be used to do sth/be used for doing sth.被用来做某事(31).imagine/avoid(避免)/think of(认为)/dream of(梦想)/burst out(爆发，突然发生)/look forwardto(期待)/insist on(坚持)/get tired of(厌倦)/consider/concentrate on (集中注意力)=pay attention todoing

17、 注意做某事/instead of(代替)/take charge of=be responsible for=be in charge of(负责做)6. 有些动词后所带的宾语既可以是不定式，又可以是动名词，但所表达的意义不同。（1）stopShe stopped (talk) with me when she saw me.Its time for class. Please stop (talk).（2）go on=continue（继续）He didnt have a rest and went on (work).After cleaning the r

18、oom, we went on (cook).（3）forget /rememberI usually forgot (close) the door, but I remembered (close) it just now.（4）tryWhy not try (do) it in another way?He always tries _( finish)his work before dinner.（5）regret doing sth. / to do sth. (后悔，遗憾)（6）sb. mean to do sth.(打算做) / Sth.

19、mean doing sth.(意味着)begin/start, like/love doing sth/ to do sth.某些固定句型用原形：1Will(Woud)/Can(could) you please (not) do sth?请（不要）做某事好吗？2had better do sth最好做某事3Lets=Why not do sth?=why dont you.?+动词原形 为何不做某事4would rather(not) do sth宁可（不）；宁愿（不）此句型也可以扩展成：would rather do sth than do sth=would do rather tha

20、n do5. 在祈使语气（或口语）中。【巩固练习】1. Remember _ the new textbook here when you come next time.A. to bring B.taking C.to take D.bringing2. More and more people enjoy _ NBA these days.A. watch B.to watch C.watching D.watched3. I was so sleepy that I could hardly keep my eyes_.A. opened B. to open C.open D.open

21、ing4. carefully, Lisa! There's a church ahead.A) Drive B) To drive C) Drove D) Driving5.It's not a good idea to make the boy _ the new words again and again.A. copies B. copy C. to copy D. copying6. My plan is _ videos at home. What are you going to do, Jenny? Well, I prefer _ movies at the

22、cinema.A. to watch, see B. watching, see C. watching, to see D. to watch, to see7. Spring is here. Everyone is looking forward to _ a trip to the Forest Park.A. take B. to take C. taking D. took8. He used to be a good movie director but nowadays he is only busy _ money.A. How B. made C. to make D. m

23、aking9. The mother always encouraged her baby _ up by himself when he fell over.A. stand B. stood C. to stand D. standing10. My little brother was keen on _stamps when he was young.A.collect B. collected C. collecting D. to collect11. To improve our English, our teacher asks us _ English newspapers

24、every day.A. reading B. to read C. read D. reads12.Dont be afraid ofquestions if you dont understand what Ive taught in todays lesson.A.raise B.raised C.raising D.to raise13. Youd better _ look up every new world in the dictionary because you can guess it from the context.A .dont B. not C. to not D.

25、 not to14. Jenny can ask her teacher for help if she cant finish _ the report by herself.A. write B. writing C. to write D. writes15. The river here is seriously polluted and I've warned Jack _ in it.A. not to swim B. to not swim C. don't swim D. doesn't swim16. The young man has denied

26、_ the motorcycle near the Wal-Mart store.A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stole17. The poor baby has kept _ for a long time because he cant find his mother.A. cry B. crying C. cries D. cried18. Dont forget _ off the lights and air conditioner when you leave.A. turn B. to turn C. turning D. to tur

27、ning19.The workers on the construction site are used to _at 5:30 in the morning .A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. have got up20.With repeated efforts, I managed _ the baby stop crying.A. make B. to make C. to making D. making21. As a member of the school team , Peter practicesbasketball every da

28、y.A. play B. to play C. . plays D. playing22. The teacher let the students _ a rest for a while in the classroom.A. have B. to have C. having D.had23. In my eyes, one of the best ways to lose weight is _ regularly.A) to exercise B) exercise C) to exercising D) exercised24.I think a policemans respon

29、sibility is _our city a safe place.A) make B) makes C)making D)to make25. The new policy enables people _ train tickets either from the station or on the Internet.A. buying B. buy C. to buy D. bought26.It is not easy _ many phone numbers especially mobile phone numbers.A. remember B. remembering C.

30、to remember D. remembered27.If you dont mind _ for several more minutes, Ill tell you the whole story.A. stay B. staying C. will stay D. to stay28.Karens dream is _ a computer programme designer.A. become B. will become C. becomes D. to become29.The system has the ability _ more than one program at

31、the same time.A. running B. runs C. to run D. ran30.The bank clerk' admitted _ everything about the plan of the robbery at last.A. know B. knowing C. to know D. knew31.It is said that nowadays young people would rather _their friends for advice.A. asked B. ask C. to ask D. asking32. Most childre

32、n expect Father Christmas _ them the gift as they wish.A) give B) to give C) gave D) giving33. Mother told Jimmy _ with her friends online and said it was a waste of time.A) to stop to chat B) stooping to chatC) stop to chat D) to stop chatting34. The most important thing for a good detective to do

33、is _ the innocent.A) to protect B) protects C) protected D) protect35. Mr. White will take charge of _ invitation cards for the celebration party next month.A. prepare B. prepared C. preparing D. to prepare36.The farmers stop _ in the field and have a rest when the sun sets every day.A. to work B. w

34、orked C. working D. work37.In my opinion, Hollywood is really a wonderful place _.A) visit B) to visit C) visiting D) visited38.The organization is considering _ some money to victims of the natural disaster.A) donate B)donating C) to donate D)to donating39.The modern fashion in education is to let

35、the child _ everything!A) decide B)decides C) to decide D)deciding40.Lily thinks she is too fat and refuses_ as usual, which makes his parents worried.A) to eat B)eat C)eating D)eats41.Well make laws_ our environment.A) protected B) protecting C) to protect D) protect42. My little brother hopesthe f

36、ilm Dad, Where are We Going, though he has seen it twice.A) to see B) see C) to seeing D) saw43.To live a green life, we try _ more energy and produce less pollution.A. to save B. save C. saves D. saved44.Mr. White spent about one hour and a half _ the accident report yesterday evening.A. write B. w

37、ritten C. writing D. to write45.Children are often warned _ the fire.A) not to play B) to play C) dont play D) doesnt play46.Wed rather _ some books instead of playing computer games.A) read B) to read C) reading D) reads47.Nowadays most of the Chinese have decided _a trip to Malaysia.A. dont take B

38、. not to take C. not take D. wont take48.Look out! The traffic is moving fast. Its _ dangerous _ cross the road.A) very to B) soto C) much to D) tooto49.The way of improving our spoken English is _it as often as we can.A) speak B) to speak C) spoken D) to speaking50.As we know _ plays an important p

39、art in communication.A. listen B. listening C. listens D. listened51.The most important thing for us Grade Nine students now ishard as much as possible.A) work B) to work C) working D) worked52.Pansy agrees one of the basic ways _ our memory is to use the link method.A) improving B) to improve C) im

40、prove D) improved53.It is essential for a good detective _ the innocent and to find the guilty.A) to protect B) protecting C) protect D) protected54.In that small seaside village, most children are good at _.A) swim B) swam C) swimming D) swims55.Researchers at Xerox designed an icon system. But App

41、le was the first _ it popular.A) make B) to make C) making D) made56. Dont allow other thoughts _ your mind when trying to memorize something.A) enter B) to enter C) entering D) entered57.South Korean first female president, Park Geun-hye promised _ her best to serve people.A. do B. doing C. did D.

42、to do58.Albert hates _ here and there to attend all kinds of boring conferences.A) fly B) flying C) flies D) has flown59.Newspapers say that so far H7N9(禽流感) has caused several people _.A) die B) to die C) dying D) died60.The only way _ the river is by ferry. There isnt a bridge for miles.A) cross B

43、) crossing C) to cross D) to crossing61.Im sorry to keep you _ for such a long time!A) wait B) waiting C) to wait D) waited62.Jane plays the piano best in our class, so I never forget _ the music she played for the first time.A) to hear B) heard C) hearing D) hear63.The young ought to be allowed _ t

44、heir dream by themselves.A) achieve B) to achieve C) achieving D) achieved64.Diana used _ on the right of the road in China, but she soon got used _ on the left in New Zealand.A) to drive, driving B) to drive, to driveC) to driving, to drive D) to drive, to driving65.My father doesn't like shopp

45、ing at all. He would rather _ TV at home than _around for hours in shops.A) to watch, to walk B)watch, to walk C) watch, walk D) to watch, walk66.A good way to improve our memory is _ information with pictures.A) link B) linked C) links D) to link67.Volunteering is the only best way _about how the r

46、est of the world lives.A. know B. knows C. knowing D. to know68.The volunteers at the airport offer_ heavy luggage for the passengers.A) carry B) to carry C) carrying D) carried69.The invention of Wechat（微信）makes it easier _ in touch with friends.A.keeping B keep C to keep D keeps70.Our monitor has made up his mind _a basketball match after the final exam.A) organizing B) organize C) organized D) to organize71.Mrs Lin advised the