名词（解析版）.docx

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1、名词.单句语法填空1(2020·河北石家庄市高三一模)Because we need _(animal)【答案】animals【解析】考查名词复数。句意：因为我们需要动物。animal 是可数名词，此处表泛指，应用其复数形式。故填animals。2(2021·江西南昌市高三一模)Rarely has a sports team in China received praise and _(admire) as enthusiastically as the Chinese womens volleyball team.【答案】admiration【解析】考查名词。句意：在中

2、国很少有一支运动队像中国女排一样受到热烈的称赞和赞赏。received praise and _，and连接两个并列名词作宾语，表抽象意义，不可数。故填admiration。3(2021·山西朔州市高三一模)But once they became fixed, we often lose our ability to be _(object) and we dont like to have our ideas challenged.【答案】objective【解析】考查形容词。句意：但一旦它们被固定下来，我们往往会失去能够客观看待问题的能力，我们也不喜欢自己的想法受到挑战。根据上

3、文be可知应填形容词objective，作表语。故填objective。4(2021·辽宁铁岭市高三一模)A single false step will send the _(perform) falling to the ground below.【答案】performer【解析】考查名词。句意：只要走错一步，表演者就会掉到下面的地上。空处作宾语，表示“表演者”应用名词performer，结合上文“A single false step”可知应用单数。故填performer。5(2021·浙江宁波市高三一模)As _(China) most complicated sp

4、ace project in China，the Change-5 mission has achieved(achieve)the extraterrestrial(地球外的)sampling and returning successfully for the first time.【答案】Chinas【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：作为中国最复杂的空间工程，嫦娥五号任务首次完成了地外取样并成功返回。空处需填名词所有格修饰名词project。故填Chinas。6(2021·广东省深圳市高三下学期第二次调研考试)They asked for community _(donate),

5、and enlisted friends as elves(精灵) to beautifully(beautiful) wrap the gifts and deliver them.【答案】donation(s) 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们要求社区捐款，并招募朋友作为精灵漂亮地包装礼物并把它们送出去。空处作宾语，表示“捐赠，捐款”应用名词donation，此处可用单数也可用复数形式。故填donation(s)。7(2021·山东省潍坊市高三二模4月)It originated in the European Alps, and is characterized by fixed-

6、heel bindings(捆绑物) that attach at both the front and the heel(脚后跟) of the _(skier) boot.【答案】skiers 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：它起源于欧洲的阿尔卑斯山脉，其特点是固定脚跟，附着在滑雪者的靴前和后跟。根据句意可知，空格后名词boot和名词skier是所属关系，且特指skier这类人，故用其单数形式的所有格。故填skiers。8(2021·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期第三次模拟)Eighteen year-old Drashti Gala from Mumbai is one of ma

7、ny online Chinese _(learner) and even has a Chinese name Tang Dashi.【答案】learners【解析】考查名词复数。句意：来自孟买的18岁的Drashti Gala是众多在线汉语学习者之一。one of后加复数名词，意为“之一”，应使用名词复数形式。故填learners。9(2021·四川省凉山州高三第三次诊断考试)Polar bears depend on the sea ice for their _(survive)【答案】survival【解析】考查名词。句意：北极熊依靠海冰生存。在介词for后应用名词作宾语。

8、名词survival意为“生存”。故填survival。10(2021·山西高三一模)However, the changes did not affect foreign students _(enthusiastic) for learning Chinese, with hundreds of thousands of students signing(sign) up for this years competition, according to the organizers.【答案】enthusiasm【解析】考查名词。句意：然而，据主办方介绍，这些变化并没有影响外国学生

9、学习汉语的热情，今年的比赛有数十万学生报名参加。空前“学生的”(students)提示此空应为名词形式。故填 enthusiasm。.单句改错1(2020·河北石家庄市高三一模)Nowadays more and more students attend different kind of training classes or hire tutors to improve their grades at weekends.【答案】kindkinds【解析】考查名词。句意：现在越来越多的学生在周末参加各种培训班或聘请家教来提高他们的成绩。根据前面的different可知，kind应用

10、复数形式。故将kind改为kinds。2(2021·贵州遵义市高三一模)To his delight, one of his books were given the title of The Best Seller in 2010, and got the world attention.【答案】worldworlds【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：令他高兴的是，他的一本书在2010年获得了最佳畅销书的称号，并引起了全世界的关注。此处world与attention构成所属关系，应用名词所有格worlds。故将world改为worlds。3(2021·山西高三一模)It en

11、joys a warm climate with an annual average temperatures of 20 .【答案】temperaturestemperature【解析】考查名词。句意：这里气候温暖，年平均气温为20 。根据句中不定冠词an可知，年平均气温应为单一数值，故用单数。故将temperatures改为temperature。4(2021·黑龙江大庆市高三一模)At the end of the school year as senior, we got on our desks and surprised her with the whole “O Cap

12、tain, My Captain” scene for her.【答案】seniorseniors【解析】考查名词。句意：作为毕业班学生，在大四学年结束时，我们站在课桌上，用“哦，队长，我的队长”那一幕给了她一个惊喜。名词senior为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式，根据句意，此处指代“we”，用复数。故将senior改为seniors。5(2021·内蒙古包头市高三一模)Under the guidances of the expert, we got involved in a medical experiment with great enthusiasm.【答案】guid

13、ancesguidance【解析】考查名词。句意：在专家的指导下，我们以极大的热情参与了一项医学实验。guidance“指导”为不可数名词。故将guidances改为guidance。6(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第三次质量预测)The competition not only broadened my knowledges but also encouraged me to learn more about our own culture in the future.【答案】knowledgesknowledge【解析】考查名词。句意：这次比赛不仅拓宽了我的知识，也鼓励我在

14、未来学习更多关于我们自己的文化。knowledge意为“知识”，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将knowledges改为knowledge。7(2021·贵州省毕节市高三年级诊断性考试(三)Im writing to offer you some advices.【答案】advicesadvice【解析】考查名词。句意：我写信给你提供一些建议。advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将advices改为advice。8(2021·河南省安阳市高三二模)In fact, I just didnt want to trouble her any more as she was

15、 already too tired from doing the houseworks.【答案】houseworkshousework【解析】考查名词。句意：事实上，我只是不想再麻烦她，因为她已经做家务太累了。housework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将houseworks改为housework。9(2021·山西省晋城市高三下学期第二次模拟考试)As for my singing perform, I have some ideas.【答案】performperformance【解析】考查名词。句意：至于我的歌唱表演，我有一些想法。分析句子可知，my singing后面应填

16、名词performance作as for的宾语。故将perform改为performance。10(2021·四川成都市高三一模)They spent several months creating and testing different model.【答案】modelmodels【解析】考查名词。句意：他们花了几个月的时间来创建和测试不同的模型。model是可数名词，由different修饰，用名词复数形式。故将model改为models。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·山东省(新高考)高三二模英语试卷(三)Sme

17、ll，more than any other sense, is deeply rooted in memory.It is believed by scientists _36_ smells can recall feelings of distant memories.The scientists say _37_ area of the brain assigns memories to smells and stores _38_(they) for decades.The area can instantly recall the memories with great clear

18、ness years later if a person encounters the smell again.Christina Strauch, from the Ruhr University in Germany, says smells _39_(store) in the olfactory brain.The word “olfactory” means anything related _40_ the sense of smell.Many smells can transport us back to our childhood.Smells from cookies ba

19、king in the kitchen or the smell of a home-made dish can bring back _41_(amaze) memories of growing up.Some smells can take you away to another point in time.Some smells can make you wish you _42_(be) back in the past, or make you want to escape, which depends on whether the smell has a positive or

20、negative _43_(associate)Some doctors partly depend on this for their patients.Smells can even encourage you _44_ (buy) things in stores.Many stores introduce certain smells to awake particular memories, _45_ can make people buy things they loved years ago.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气味在人的大脑中的储存机制。36that考查名词

21、性从句。句意：科学家们相信气味能唤起遥远记忆的感觉。空处引导主语从句，it为形式主语，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用that引导。故填that。37an考查冠词。句意：科学家们说，大脑的一个区域将记忆分配给气味，并将它们储存几十年。area为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且area是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。38them考查代词。句意：科学家们说，大脑的一个区域将记忆分配给气味，并将它们储存几十年。空处作动词store的宾语，应用they的宾格形式them。故填them。39are stored考查动词时态和语态。句意：德国鲁尔大学的Christina Strauc

22、h说，气味储存在嗅觉大脑中。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为smells，谓语动词用复数。故填are stored。40to考查介词。句意：“olfactory”这个词是指任何与嗅觉有关的东西。结合句意表示“与有关”可知短语为be related to。故填to。41amazing考查形容词。句意：厨房里烘烤的饼干的香味，或者家里做的菜的香味，都能勾起成长的美好回忆。修饰下文名词memories，应用形容词amazing，作定语。故填amazing。42were考查虚拟语气。句意：有些气味会让你希望回到过去，或者让你想要逃离，这取决于这

23、种气味是有积极的还是消极的联想。wish后跟宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气。此处表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时，故be动词应用were。故填were。43association考查名词。句意：有些气味会让你希望回到过去，或者让你想要逃离，这取决于这种气味是有积极的还是消极的联想。根据上文has a positive or negative可知应填单数名词association，作宾语。故填association。44to buy考查非谓语动词。句意：气味甚至可以促使你去商店购物。结合句意表示“促使某人做某事”可知短语为encourage sb.to do sth.。故填to

24、buy。45which考查定语从句。句意：许多商店会引入某种气味来唤起特定的记忆，让人们购买多年前喜欢的东西。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及修改均仅限一词。2只允许修改1

25、0处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2021·江西鹰潭市高三一模)Today was my fathers birthday, so I decided to bake a cake for him.I didnt know how make a cake.I couldnt tell my father because of I wanted to give him a surprise.It was my firstly attempt, so I searched on the Internet and found much videos there.I choose the

26、best one.I saw the full videos and started baking.First I collected all the things which might be needed to bake a cake.And then, I followed the steps and finally my cake was ready.Last, I decorated the cake by chocolates so that it looked more delicious.Then I gave the cake to his father and he was

27、 really surprising.【答案】Today was my fathers birthday, so I decided to bake a cake for him.I didnt know how make a cake.I couldnt tell my father because of I wanted to give him a surprise.It was my attempt, so I searched on the Internet and found videos there.I the best one.I saw the full and started

28、 baking.First I collected all the things might be needed to bake a cake.And then, I followed the steps and finally my cake was ready.Last, I decorated the cake chocolates so that it looked more delicious.Then I gave the cake to father and he was really .【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者制作蛋糕的过程并把蛋糕送给了父亲。1考查非谓语动词。

29、句意：我不知道怎么做蛋糕。“疑问词to do”为固定结构，这里是how to do。故在how后面加to。2考查从属连词。句意：我不能告诉我父亲，因为我想给他一个惊喜。because后面加完整的句子，because of后面加短语、名词、代词等，不可以加完整的句子。故将of去掉。3考查限定词。句意：这是我第一次尝试，所以我在网上搜索了很多视频。修饰名词attempt，需用first作限定词。故将firstly改为first。4考查形容词。句意：这是我第一次尝试，所以我在网上搜索了很多视频。much修饰不可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数形式，根据videos可知，此处需用many修饰。故将mu

30、ch改为many。5考查动词时态。句意：我选了最好的一个。根据searched和saw可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故将choose改为chose。6考查名词。句意：我看了完整的视频就开始烤了。根据the best one可知，此处指代最好的那个视频，使用名词单数形式。故将videos改为video。7考查定语从句。句意：首先，我收集了烤蛋糕可能需要的所有东西。all修饰先行词the things，需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故将which改为that。8考查介词。句意：最后，我用巧克力装饰蛋糕，让它看起来更美味。decorate sth.with为固定用法，意为“用某物装饰”。故将by改为with。9考查代词。句意：然后我把蛋糕给了我的父亲，他真的很惊讶。主语I对应的形容词性物主代词是my。故将his改为my。10考查形容词。句意：然后我把蛋糕给了我的父亲，他真的很惊讶。此处表示人的感受，需用-ed结尾的形容词作表语。故将surprising改为surprised。