合同协议翻译PPT讲稿.ppt

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1、合同协议翻译第1页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六 世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它通过化石标本等向人们介绍地球和生物地演化历史。The first-generation museums in the world are museums of natural history,which introduces to visitors the evolutionary history of the earth and various kinds of living species by means of fossils and specimens.第2页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六

2、第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示地是工业文明带来地各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，他们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。Museums of the second-generation are those of industrial technology,displaying the achievements at various stages of industrial civilization.These two generations of museums play positive roles in spreading scientific knowl

3、edge,but they both put visitors in the position of passive observers.第3页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六 世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己动手去操作，自己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进地科学技术，去探索科学技术地奥妙。The third-generation of museums in the world,on the other hand,are full of original concepts.Here,visitors can operate the exhibits with

4、 their own hands and interact while making careful observations,through which they get all the nearer to exploring advanced science and technology and their mysteries.第4页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六Getting-in第5页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六Please translate the followingThis Contract is made by and between the China Nati

5、onal Arts and&Craft Import&Export corporation,Sandong Branch,with principle business at 14 Baoding Road,Qingdao,China(hereafter called the Buyers)and Centrocoop Beograd,with principle business at (hereafter called Sellers),whereby the seller agree to sell and Buyer agree to buy the undermentioned co

6、mmodities on the terms and conditions stipulated below:第6页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六Function第7页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六常见的合同和协议常见的合同和协议Trade Agreement Barter AgreementConsignment Agreement Loan Agreement Clearing Agreement Reparation Agreement Cooperation Agreement Know-how Transfer Contract Sales and Purchase Co

7、ntract Processing and Assembling Contract Representative Contract贸易协议贸易协议易货贸易易货贸易委托协议委托协议贷款协议贷款协议清算协议清算协议赔偿协议赔偿协议合作协议合作协议技术转让合同技术转让合同货物买卖合同货物买卖合同加工装配合同加工装配合同代理合同代理合同第8页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六通用合同、协议术语翻译合同的主要组成部分:Master contract 主约（合同主体）Appended document 合同附件，或 appendix Specific contracts 具体合同第9页，共57页，编辑于

8、2022年，星期六结构特点 中文的合同开头一般先罗列当事人的名称、姓名、住所或营业场所，然后是合同正文，结尾是当事人印章、授权代表签字、职务及签字日期。而英语合同一般以下面这类句式为开头：第10页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六This agreement/contract is made and entered in to this _ day of _(month),_(year)by and between Party A(hereinafter called Party A)and Party B(hereinafter called Party B)然后是开始陈述：WHEREAS

9、THEREFORE It is hereby agreed as follows:或以：WITNESSETH,WHEREAS 第11页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六NOW THEREFORE,for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein,the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows:接着是正文，最后是证明部分：IN WITNESS WHEREOF，the parties hereto have hereunto set t

10、heir hands the day and years first above written.第12页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六国际商务合同一般由三个部分组成：前言正文结尾第13页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六合同的前言Preamble of a contract主要包括两个方面的内容：其一，主要载明合同当事人的名称或者姓名、国际、主营业务或者住所（The corporate or personal names of the parties to the contract and their nationalities,principal places of busines

11、s or residential address）;其二，合同签订的日期、地点(the date and place of signing of the contract)第14页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六例1 本合同由中国ABC公司，总公司设于中国上海（以下简称卖方）与美国XYZ公司，总公司设于美国纽约州纽约市（以下简称买方）于1998年3月29日订立于中国上海，双方同意按下述条件买卖下列货物：第15页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六This contract is made this 29th day of March,1998 in shanghai,China by an

12、d between ABC Corporation,China(hereinafter referred to as“Seller”),a Corporation having the principal office in Shanghai,China who agrees to sell,and XYZ Corporation(hereinafter referred to as“Buyer”),a Corporation having the principal office in New York,N.Y.,USA,who agrees to buy the following goo

13、ds on the terms and conditions as below:第16页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六例2 合同号码：第0081号签约日期：1998年3月29日签约地点：中国上海卖方：中国ABC公司地址：中国上海 街 号公司属国：中华人民共和国电传：传真：邮编：电子信箱：买方：美国XYZ公司地址：美国纽约州纽约市 街 号 公司属国：美利坚合众国电传：传真：邮编：电子信箱：第17页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六Contract Number:No.0081Date of Execution of Contract:March,29,1998Place of Execu

14、tion of Contract:Shanghai,China.Seller:ABC Corporation,China.Address:No.,St.,Shanghai,China.Country of Corporation:Peoples Republic of China.Telex:Fax:Postcode:E-mail:Buyer:XYZ Corporation,USAAddress:No.,ST.,New York,N.Y.USACountry of Corporation:United States of AmericaTelex:Fax:Postcode:E-mail:第18

15、页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六合同的正文（Main Body of a Contract）国际商务合同的正文部分是合同的实质性的条款，通常由以下内容组成：（1）合同的类型和合同的种类、范围（The type of contract and the categories and scope of the object of the contract）（2）合同标的技术条件、质量、标准、规格、数量(The technical conditions,quality,standards,specifications and quantities of the object of the con

16、tract)（3）合同履行的期限、地点和方式（Time limit,place and method of performance）（4）合同价格条件、支付金额、支付方式和各种附加的费用（The price terms,amount to be paid,ways of payment,and various types of additional charges）第19页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六（5）合同能否转让和合同转让条件（Whether or not the contract may be assigned or the conditions for assignment）

17、（6）违反合同的赔偿和其他责任(The compensation and other liabilities for breach of contract)至于当事人，若一方违反涉外合同应承担的责任和承担责任的方式，当事人可以在合同中约定违约金（penalty），也可以约定赔偿损失（compensation for losses），也可以约定支付利息（payment of interest）、中止履行合同（suspension of the contract performance）或解除合同（cancellation of the contract）。第20页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星

18、期六(7)合同发生争议时的解决方法(methods for resolving disputes arising under the contract)中华人民共和国合同法第128条规定：“当事人可以通过和解或者调节解决合同争议。涉外合同的当事人可以根据仲裁机构或者其他仲裁机构申请仲裁。当事人没有订立仲裁协议或者仲裁协议无效的，可以向人民法院起诉。”（The parties may settle their contract disputes through conciliation or mediation.The parties to a contract involving foreig

19、n interests may,in accordance with an arbitration agreement,apply to Chinese arbitration organization or other arbitration organizations for arbitration.If the parties have not concluded an arbitration agreement or if the arbitration agreement is invalid,they may file a suit with a peoples court）根据以

20、上规定，涉外合同发生争议时，其解决的方法有四种，即：和解（conciliation）、调解（mediation）、仲裁（arbitration）和诉讼（lawsuit）。第21页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六（8）明确风险责任，约定保险范围(The limits of the risks to be borne by the parties in performing the object and the coverage of insurance of the object)（9）合同的有效期限，以及可以延长合同期限和提前终止合同的条件（A period of validity for

21、 the contract and conditions for contractual extension and contractual termination before its expiration）第22页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六合同翻译样本例3:第23页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六合同的结尾(Final Clauses)合同的结尾(Final Clauses)，也称合同最后条款，写在合同的结尾部分。结尾条款主要应明确的内容有：合同使用的文字及其效力(Languages in which the contract is to be written and its

22、 validity)。除了明确使用的文字及效力外，有时还应订立对合同进行修改或补充的内容，并明确在合同的结尾(Final Clauses)部分规定附件为本合同不可分割的组成部分。第24页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六根据中人民共和国合同法第32条规定：“当事人采用合同书形式订立合同的，自双方当事人签字或者盖章时合同成立”（If the parties enter into a contract in written form,the contract shall go into effect when the parties sign or stamp it）。国际商务合同的成立一般是以

23、签字为成立要件而不是以盖章为成立要件的。所以，在合同的结尾部分还应明确规定：合同在双方授权代表签字后正式生效。第25页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六例41本合同正文一式两份，分别以中文和英文书写，两种文本具有同等效力。若对其解释产生异议，则以中文本为准。2本合同的任何修改和补充，只有在双方授权的代表在书面文件上签字后才能生效，并成为本合同不可分割的组成部分。3本合同将在双方授权代表签字后正式生效。第26页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六1.This Contract is made out in two originals,each copy written in Chinese a

24、nd English languages,both texts being equally valid.In case of any divergence of interpretation,the Chinese text shall prevail.2.Any amendment and/or supplement to this contract shall be valid only after the authorized representatives of both parties have signed written documents(s),forming integral

25、 part(s)of this Contract.3.This Contract shall come into force after the signatures by the authorized representatives of both parties.第27页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六商务合同的翻译要点翻译商务合同应当遵循准确严谨准确严谨、规范通顺规范通顺的原则。涉外商务合同在术语、条款、篇章结构、类型等方面的专业性越来越强。内容日趋完备精确，这要求我们在翻译商务合同时必须把准确严谨作为合同翻译的首要原则来遵守。第28页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六一、遵循准确

26、严谨（faithfulness and accuracy）的翻译原则（1）词语准确（accuracy）：对合同文件中的一些主要词语要准确无误的翻译。例如：兹经买卖双方同意按下列条款成交翻译为：The undersigned Sellers and Buyers have agree to close the following transactions according to the terms and conditions stipulated below.这个译文中的“条款”一词应译成the terms and conditions，短语中的conditions不能漏掉，因为一个合同条款

27、的达成经常包含着若干条件。第29页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六（2）译文完整（completeness）合同文件的翻译一定要保持译文的完整性，决不能只求保持原文与译文在词量上的对等。第30页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六（2）译文完整（completeness）例1：如果上述专有技术和技术资料中的部分或全部被出让方或第三方公布，受让方对公开部分则不再承担保密义务。原译文：In case part or all know-how of the above mentioned technical contents have been published by Licensor or

28、any third party,the licensee shall no longer be responsible for keeping the opened parts secret.In case part or all know-how of the above mentioned technical contents have been published by the Licensor or any third party,the Licensee obtains evidence of such publication,and shall no longer be respo

29、nsible for keeping the opened parts secret and confidential.第31页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六这一条款中“保密”应译成keep secret and confidential译文中漏掉一个confidential显得不很严谨：另外，在In case part of all know-how of the above mentioned technical contents have been published by Licensor or any third party之后要增译一句Licensee obtain evid

30、ence of such publication。这样才使得这一条款完整，因为一方不承担保密义务必须有理由，对方坚持要求时，必须出示足够的证据第32页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六例2：从4月1日起到10月20日止这一期间内交货，但以买方信用证在3月20日前到达卖方为限。原译文：Shipment during the period beginning on April 1 and ending on Oct.20 is subject to Buyers Letter of Credit reaching Seller before Mar.20.Shipment during the

31、period beginning on April 1 and ending on Oct.20,both date inclusive,is subject to Buyers Letter of Credit reaching Seller on and before Mar.20.第33页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六以上条款中交货期间应包括4月1日和10月20日这两天，所以，应补译both date inclusive;另外，买方信用证到达日期也包括三月20日这一天，因此，Mar.20之前的介词除用before外还应增加on,译成subject to Buyers Letter

32、of Credit reaching Seller on and before Mar.20。句中的subject to在这里指“以为准”，“以为有效”，（例如：This offer is subject to our final confirmation.本报价以我方最后确认为准）。第34页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六二、遵循规范通顺（expressiveness and smoothness）的翻译原则所谓规范通顺，就是要把理解了的东西，用规范通顺的、合乎合同语言要求的文字表达出来。第35页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六例如：乙方保证是本合同规定提供的一切专有技术和技术资料的

33、合法所有者，并有权向甲方转让。如果发生第三方指控侵权，由乙方负责与第三方交涉，并承担法律上和经济上的全部责任。原译文：Party B guarantees that he is the legitimate owner of the know-how and technical documentation supplied to Party A in accordance with the contract and that he has the right to transfer them to Party A.If the third party accuses party B of in

34、fringement,Party B shall take up the matter with the third party and bear all legal and economic responsibilities arising therefrom.第36页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六分析：一、Party B guarantees that he该句的宾语从句中主语用he显得有些含混，应重复Party B。二、supplied to Party A应在分词supplied后加译by Party B,使全句完整明晰。三、in accordance with the cont

35、ract，这句原文的含义是指“按合同中规定的条款”，所以应改成in accordance with stipulations of the contract 才能体现出与原文的含义的一致性；he has the right to transfer them to Party A这句译文不大像“行话”。此外，句中的两个代词也应换成名词，因为在英文合同文件中，出现过的名词尽量不用代词代替，以免产生误解。he has the right to transfer应译为Party B is lawfully in a position to transfer,这样更能强调乙方对技术和资料占有的绝对合法性

36、。第37页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六四、if the third party accuses party B of infringement这个句子明显有两处错误;(1)the third party 给人一种甲乙双方似乎都已知道“第三方”是谁的印象，而实际并非如此，所以应改为any/a third party;(2)to accuse sb of sth 一般是指控诉某人触犯刑律，而这句中的“指控”仅指一般的民事侵权，故应改成 to bring a charge of infringement.第38页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六五、party B shall take u

37、p the matter with the third party，此译文中的take up sth.with sb.是指“口头或书面向某人提出某事”没有能确切地译出原文中，由乙方负责与第三方交涉本意，故应改成Party B shall be responsible for dealing with the third party.六、bear all legal and economic responsibilities arising therefrom，“全部责任”指的是“由于上述”原因而发生的乙方应承担的责任，所以“全部”应选用full而不用all。另外，“承担由此引起的法律和经济责任

38、”应译为bear the legal and financial responsibilities which may arise therefrom.“arising there from”改用含情态动词的定语从句which may arise使人觉得承担上述责任是有条件的，是一种“或然性”而不是“必然性”。第39页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六经审校改译为：Party B guarantees that Party B is the legitimate owner of the know-how and technical documentation supplied by Par

39、ty B to Party A in accordance with the stipulations of the Contract,and that Party B is lawfully in a position to transfer the above-mentioned know-how and technical documentation to Party A.If any/a third party brings a charge of infringement,Party B shall be responsible for dealing with the third

40、party and bear the full legal and financial responsibilities which may arise therefrom.第40页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六常用词语（Useful Words and Phrases）terms of payment amount of payment instrument of payment time of payment place of payment method of payment preemptive right penalty pensation for losses suspens

41、ion of the contract performance cancellation of contract 支付条款支付金额支付工具支付时间支付地点支付方式优先购买权违约金赔偿损失中止履行合同解除合同第41页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六mediation n.conciliation n.arbitration n.arbitration provisionlawsuit n.eventuality n.waterproof a.War Risk premiumLetter of CreditForce MajeureClaim n.Submit sth.(to sb./sth)

42、Clause n.Annex n.调解和解仲裁仲裁协议诉讼不可测事件，意外事件防水的战争险保费信用证不可抗力索赔提交，呈交条款副本第42页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六其它合同与协议相关知识其它合同与协议相关知识其它合同与协议相关知识其它合同与协议相关知识 （各国的合同内部要件有所区别，（各国的合同内部要件有所区别，感兴趣的同学可以参考：感兴趣的同学可以参考：http:/ http:/www.en- Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completio

43、n of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内，按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同总价，或合同规定的其它应支付的款项，作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。第45页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期

44、六2.All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall,through amicable negotiations,be settled by the Parties hereto.Should,through negotiation,no settlement be reached,the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitratio

45、n Commission,Beijing and the arbitration rules of this commission shall be applied.The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto.The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission.对于因履行本合同所发生的一切争议，本合同双方应友好协商

46、解决，如协商无法解决争议，则应将争议提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会（北京），依据仲裁规则仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局性的，对双方都有约束力。仲裁费用应由败诉方承担，但仲裁委员会另有裁定的除外。第46页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六3.Unfair competition mentioned in this law refers to such acts of business operators as contravene the provisions hereof,with a result of damaging the lawful rights and interests of othe

47、r business operators,and disturbing the socio-economic order.Business operators mentioned herein refer to such legal persons,other economic organizations and individuals as engage in the trading of goods or profit-making services(hereinafter called Goods including services).本法所称的不正当竞争，是指经营者违反本法规定，损害

48、其他经营者的合法权益，扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。本法所称的经营者，是指从事商品经营或营利性服务（以下所称商品包括服务）的法人、其他经济组织和个人。第47页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六4.“Temporary Works”means all temporary works of every kind(other than the Contractors Equipment)required in or about the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of any defects therein.临时工程是指

49、在工程施工、竣工和修补工程中任何缺陷时需要或与有关的所有各种临时工程，（但承包人的设备除外）。第48页，共57页，编辑于2022年，星期六5.Whereas Party B has the right and agrees to grant Party A the right to use,manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Patented Technology;Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sel

50、l the Contract Products;The Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract have,through friendly negotiation,agreed to enter into this Contract under the terms,conditions and provisions specified as follows:鉴于乙方有权并同意将专利技术的合同产品的使用权、制造权和销售权授予甲方；鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同的产品；双方授权代表经友好协商，同意就以下条款