2年中考1年模拟2016年中考英语专题14完形填空试题含解析.doc

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1、1专题专题 1414 完形填空完形填空解读考点解读考点完形填空完形填空完形填空是一种在语意封闭的情况下考察学生阅读能力及掌握语言基础知识能力的综合性题目。学生应根据语义完整、语法正确、合乎逻辑的原则进行通篇阅读。借助文章的现成文字，通过逻辑思维，联系上下文，推断出可能的答案，使补足后的短文结构完整，意义通畅。直击考点直击考点完形填空的特点完形填空的特点1.完形填空题能够较为准确地检查学生的各项知识水平和综合运用语言知识的能力。这种题型的主要考查内容为：词语辨析、基本句型、基础语法;固定搭配与习惯表达;阅读理解能力和逻辑推理能力。近年来，完形填空题更侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。完形填

2、空题(cloze test)有以下两大特点和规律：第一、一篇完形填空题是一个有机的整体尽管看起来形式上有残缺(若干个空)，但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。考生解题时必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间，从语法到意义的合理搭配。尤其要注意短文中承上启下的过渡词等，如so,but,however,then,therefore,also 等。第二、完形填空题选材广泛它涉及社会、政治、经济;文化、教育、历史、地理、科普知识、人物

3、故事等。因此，考生做完形填空题时，要快速通览全文，了解文章概貌与各段落的中心意思，把握文章主旨脉络，掌握文章作者的意图。在平时学习中，要注意从以下几个方面训练和提高。完形填空题的设空规律 上下文直接信息题：本类题的设置特点是：四个选项之间不存在词义区别和用法比较。考生应着眼于对上下文信息的捕捉和对上下文暗示的领会。2 词、句、文三结合理解题：本类题的设置特点是：其中某一个或几个选项代入空白处会使句意不通或严重违背上下句意义的衔接或直接与短文内容不符，考生在做这类题时要对各选项的词义作准确的把握。词义辨析题：本类题的设置特点是：各选项代入空中后该句的语法都是正确的，但是句子出现了几种不同的含义。

4、在做这类题时，考生要认真比较各词之间的细微差别。语法知识和固定短语考查题：考生在解答本类题时要注意句子的语法结构要正确：如时态、语态等;对固定短语要注意其结构的完整性。行文逻辑和全文中心把握题：本类题的设空特点是：把各选项中的对象代入空格中可导致上下文之间出现因果关系、递进关系、转折关系、条件关系等。做本类题时，考生要注意全文的主线或脉络，仔细分析上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而准确地选出正确答案。三 做题中的推测手段 根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测：注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系是做好完形填空题的关键，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基础上，联系上下文，运用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合词义、句

5、意，又符合上下文语境，合理的正确答案。根据语篇标志进行推测：语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语称为“语篇标志”，例如：表示结构层次的 firstly,secondly 等，表示逻辑关系的therefore,so,but 等，表示话题改变的 by the way 等。在做完形填空题时，充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。根据文化背景知识进行推测：完形填空题考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常识，到历史地理知识;从风俗民情到民族习惯等等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，要特别注意中西文化方面所存在的差异

6、。具备了一定的文化背景知识，才能比较准确地判断正确答案。根据常识进行判断：中学生已经掌握了较丰富的科学与生活常识，也具备了一定的判断能力。在考查语言知识和技能的同时，考查这些简单的常识性的问题，也是对学生知识面的检测。3 根据语法知识进行推测：对于考查语法知识的考题，不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点进行分析，并根据其语法结构和句式特点进行合理推测，从而迅速解决问题。运用词汇知识推测答案：完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要集中在词语的搭配和同义词的辨析两大方面。要做好这类题目，首先要有较大的词汇量，较强的词语搭配能力，以及在语句中理解词义的能力，做题时要结合上下文的

7、语境，确定词的意义。2 2 年中考年中考2012014 4 年题组年题组 1【2014 年湖南省娄底市中考】完形填空 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C 3 个选项中，选出 1 个最佳答案。（共 10 小题，计 10 分）Mrs.Chen lives with her son and her daughter in Loudi.She is very busy.After school Mrs.Chentakes her 1rom football to basketball.Then she has to take her daughter to piano lesso

8、ns.Thetired children dont get2until 7 p.m.They have a quick3,and its time for homework.Most of the parents do the 4things not only in Loudi but also in Changsha.They take theirchildren from activity to activity.They want them to do things as many as possible.This makeschildren5too much pressure(压力).

9、Teachers say their students are very tired in the6andcant study well.Only a few of parents7about such pressure.They say“Parents send their kids to all kindsof classes when they are very8,its crazy.People shouldnt push their kids so hard.”Dr Li also says“Parents should give their kids a bit more9to t

10、hemselves.Children needorganized(组织的)activities.They also need time to relax,and they need time to do things10.A.sonB.daughterC.friendA.schoolB.homeC.stationA.breakfastB.lunchC.supperA.sameB.differentC.happyA.acrossB.underC.overA.classroomB.bedroomC.libraryA.decideB.hurtC.knowA.easyB.oldC.young4A.bo

11、oksB.timeC.fruitsA.by themselvesB.of courseC.by the way【答案】ABCABACCBA考查语境理解及名词辨析。Classroom 教室；bedroom 卧室；library 图书馆。结合语境可知老师说的是他们的学生在课堂上非常累，故选 A。考查语境理解及动词辨析。Decide 决定；hurt 伤害，弄伤；know 知道，了解。句意：只有少数几个父母5理解这种压力。故选 C。考查语境理解及形容词辨析。Easy 轻松的，容易的；old 旧的，老的；young 年轻的。联系前半句描述，可知此处指的是，当孩子年轻的时候，故选 C。考查语境理解及名词辨

12、析。Books 书籍；time 时间；fruits 水果。结合语境可知此处指的是多给孩子一点时间，故选 B。考查语境理解及短语辨析。by themselves 靠自己；of course 当然了；by the way 顺便说说。句意：他们需要时间来自己做事情。故选 A。考点：考查教育类短文2【2014 年甘肃省兰州市中考】完形填空(共 1 0 小题：每小题 l 分，满分 l 0 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence.Thats an old1in E

13、nglish.Itmeans other places often look better,more interesting than the place2you live.Some peopleworry3young Chinese are beginning to feel that way.They see young Chinese ignoring Chineseculture and,instead,4Japanese cartoon books,watching Korean soap operas and evencelebrating western holidays.For

14、eign books and soap operas are good,5Chinese writers and actors are just as good.Asfor holidays,Christmas is nice,but it can6have the meaning for Chinese that Spring Festivalhas,and the West has nothing to compare with Mid-autumn Festival.And lets not forget the partof Chinese culture I like best:7f

15、riendliness.Not all countries are as8as China.Its good to enjoy other cultures and to learn9them,but they cannot replace your ownculture.Its good to look on the other side of the fence,but10you take a good long look.You will find that the grass isnt always greener on the other side of the fence.A.sa

16、yingB.wordsC.voiceD.talkA.whyB.whenC.whereD.howA.ifB.thatC.whatD.whetherA.buyB.refusingC.refusedD.buyingA.butB.soC.orD.becauseA.alwaysB.everC.stillD.neverA.itB.theyC.itsD.their6A.warmerB.warmC.co1dD.colderA.fromB.withC.toD.overA.make upB.make sureC.make up ofD.be sure to【答案】ACBDADCBAB考查连词及语境理解。句意：外国

17、书籍和肥皂剧是很好的，但中国作家和演员一样好。A.but 但是；B.so7因此；C.or 或者；D.because 因为。此处有转折意味，故选 A。考查副词及语境理解。句意：对节日而言，圣诞节虽好，但她从来不会有中国春节的意味。A.always 总是；B.ever 曾经；C.still 仍，还；D.never 从来没有，根据句意及选项意思，故选 D考查物主代词及语境理解。句意：让我们不要忘记我最喜欢中国文化的部分：它的友好。此处物主代词代替文化的，而 culture 是个不可数名词，所以用单数 its，故选 C。考查形容词原级比较及语境理解。句意：不是所有的国家都像中国一样的温暖。“asas”

18、中间加原级，所以 AD 不对，根据语境只能选 warm，而不能用 cold，故选 B。考查固定短语及语境理解。句意：享受其他文化和向他们学习很好，但他们不能代替你自己的文化。固定短语“learn from”学习，故选 A考查动词短语及语境理解。句意：看看篱笆的另一边是好的，但一定要好好看看。A.make up 弥补；B.makesure 务必，一定；后面接从句；C.make up of 由组成；D.be sure to 一定要，后面接动词原形，从句子结构“you take a good long look”看，这是一个句子，故选 B。考点：教育类短文。3.【2014 年福建省漳州市中考】完形填

19、空(每小题 15 分，计 15 分)从 A、B、C 三个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Its after 10：00 a.m and the kids are still sleepingIts Sundaya traditional day of46Most people have at least one day a week to take a restSome use that time to go to church，while some usually sleep in，watch TV，giving themselves the gift of a47day.We nee

20、d to give ourselves a break,and a little rest works well for almost48It doesntreally matter what the activity isThe idea is to give our body,mind,and heart a chance to49If we keep going at full speed every day，we can be really tiredSome people find50hard to take a real vacationAs a matter of fact，ma

21、ny people died early51they were too busy to have a break.Remember that we52work well if we never stop to take a restIt doesnt matter53wedo thisPick anytime that works best for usand make it a plan54 this and discuss it with othersThe idea here is that by giving ourselves a break andjust enjoying ada

22、y off，we can make our lives55and create greater good in our world.8ArestBworkingCentertainmentAtiredBbusyC1azyAsomebodyBeverybodyCnobodyAexerciseBdevelopCrelaxAitBthisCthatAthoughBbecauseCifAcantBmustntCneedntAwhenBwhyChowALook atBCare forCThink aboutAgoodBbetterCbest【答案】ACBCABAACB考查代词及语境的理解。Asomebo

23、dy 某人；Beverybody 每一个人；Cnobody 没有人。对于我们每一9个人休息一会就会效果很好。根据常识可知休息对每个人都会起作用的，故选 B。考查动词及语境的理解。Aexercise 锻炼；Bdevelop 发展；Crelax 方松。想法就是给我们的身体、思想和身心一个放松的机会。根据 We need to give ourselves a break,and a little rest works wellfor almost48可知休息就是放松，故选 C。考查代词及语境的理解。Ait 它；Bthis 这个；Cthat 那个。一些人发现很难真正休假。这里是句式 find it+

24、形容词+to do 发现做某事怎样。这里 it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，故选A。考查连词及语境的理解。Athough 尽管；Bbecause 因为；Cif 如果。事实上，许多人很早就死了，因为他们太忙而不能休息。这里表示前后是因果关系，所以选 B。考查情态动词词及语境的理解。Acant 不能；Bmustnt 禁止；Cneednt 不必。如果我们不能停下来休息，记住那么就不能很好地工作。根据句意这里指的是不能，故选 A。考查连词及语境的理解。Awhen 什么时间；Bwhy 为什么；Chow 怎样。当我们这样做的时候没关系。根据句意故选 A。考查动词短语及语境的理解。ALook

25、at 看看；BCare for 关心，照顾；CThink about 考虑。考虑一下这个问题，和其他的人在一起讨论一下。根据短文的最后一句可知故选 C。考查形容词及语境的理解。Agood 好；Bbetter 更好；Cbest 最好。我们能够使我们的生活更加美好。根据 create greater good in our world 可知这里指与以前相比可知应该用比较级，故选 B。考点：日常生活类短文。2012015 5 年题组年题组 1.【广州市 2015 年初中毕业生学业考试英语】完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 3645 各题所给的

26、 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Kierman was born in Sydney,Australia,and grew up near the sea.For more than 40 years,heraced in international sailing competitions.In 1987,Kierman was competing in an around-the-world race when he began to 36the huge amountof rubbish in the worlds oceans.When he retu

27、rned to Australia,he 37to do something aboutit.He organized a community 38 called“Clean Up Sydney Harbour.”On Sunday,January 8,1989,10more than 40,000 volunteers came out to 39away rubbish.The next year,Kierman made the clean-upa national event.It was a huge 40.Across Australia,about 300,000 people

28、spent the day improvingtheir local 41.Since then,“Clean Up Australia”has got 42every year.In 2002,for example,800,000 peoplecleaned up almost 15,000 tons of rubbish from Australias beaches,parks and streets.Kierman was 43with the success of his project.In 2003,he started an even bigger program.With

29、the 44 of the United Nations Environment Program,he introduced“Clean Up the World”,aninternational program that supports communities around the world in cleaning up and protectingthe environment.“Clean Up the World”has grown 45and his wonderful idea has now spread fromone city to the whole world.36.

30、A.saveB.collectC.noticeD.produce37.A.refusedB.decidedC.pretendedD.stopped38.A.lawB.partyC.companyD.event39.A.clearB.sendC.turnD.give40.A.problemB.successC.surpriseD.failure41.A.cultureB.projectC.governmentD.environment42.A.olderB.smallerC.biggerD.faster43.A.happyB.angryC.disappointed D.concerned44.A

31、.needB.helpC.hopeD.action45.A.loudlyB.gentlyC.rapidlyD.busily【答案】36.C37.B38.D39.A40.B41.D42.C43.A1144.B45.C【解析】43.A 考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：Kierman 对他发起的项目取得的成功感到非常开心。happy 开心的；12angry 生气的；disappointed 失望的；concerned 关心的。根据句意可知，Kierman 的项目很成功，所以他非常开心。故选 A。44.B 考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在联合国环境规划的帮助下，Kierman 引进了“清理全世界”这个项目

32、，支持全世界的社区清理垃圾，保护环境。need 需要，需求；help 帮助；hope 希望；action 行动。这里是固定短语 with the help of，在的帮助下，故应选 B。45.C 考查副词及语境的理解。句意：“清理全世界”这个项目成长得很快，他的这个想法从一个城市传播到了全世界。loudly 大声地；gently 温柔地；rapidly 快速地；busily 繁忙地。根据 文意可知，Kierman发起的这一活动从悉尼传播到了整个澳大利亚，又传播到全世界，所以成长得很快，故选 C。【考点定位】环境保护类短文。2.【2015 年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】完形填空（共完形填空（

33、共 2020 小题，每小题小题，每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的 A A、B B、C C、D D 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。The plane took off.A passenger needed a cup of water to take his medicine.An air hostess（空姐）told him that she would bring him the56soon.But the air hostess was57busy thatshe forgot t

34、o bring him the water.58,the passenger couldnt take his medicine on time.Abouthalf an hour later,she hurried over to him with a cup of water,but he59it.In the following hours,each time she60the passenger,she would ask him with a smile whetherhe needed help or not.But the passenger61paid notice to he

35、r.When it was time to get off the62,the passenger asked her to hand him the passengersbooklet（留言簿）,she was very63.She thought that he would64bad words in it,but witha smile she handed it to him.Off the plane,she opened the booklet and then65.The passenger put it,“In the past fewhours,you have asked

36、me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all.How can I refuseyour twelve faithful（真诚的）smiles?”56.A.medicineB.waterC.cupD.coffee57.A.veryB.tooC.quiteD.so58.A.With her helpB.As a resultC.On the one handD.To tell the truth59.A.drankB.accepted C.refusedD.received60.A.looked atB.listened toC.t

37、alked aboutD.passed by61.A.usuallyB.neverC.sometimesD.often1362.A.planeB.trainC.shipD.bus63.A.interestedB.happyC.excitedD.sad64.A.break downB.get down C.write downD.go down65.A.smiledB.criedC.wonderedD.worried【答案】56.B57.D58.B59.C60.D61.B62.A63.D64.C65.A1462.A 考查名词及语境的理解。A.plane 飞机；B.train 火车；C.ship

38、船；D.bus 公共汽车。到了下飞机的时间，乘客要求空姐递给他乘客留言簿。根据上文可知是坐飞机，因此是到了下飞机的时间，故选 A。63.D 考查形容词及语境的理解。A.interested 感兴趣；B.happy 高兴的；C.excited 兴奋的；D.sad 悲伤的。根据上文乘客的表现，可知空姐非常的悲伤，她认为这个乘客会给她写不要的评语。故选 D。64.C 考查动词及语境的理解。A.break down 出故障；B.get down 下来；C.write down 写下；D.go down下降。她认为他会在留言簿上写下坏话，但是她带着微笑把留言簿递给了他。结合句意，故选 C。65.A 考查

39、动词及语境的理解。A.smiled 微笑；B.cried 哭；C.wondered 想知道；D.worried 担心。下了飞机，她打开留言簿，然后笑了。根据后文可知看了乘客写的话，笑了。故选 A。【考点定位】故事类短文。3.【湖北省荆州市 2015 年中考英语试题】完形填空。（共完形填空。（共 1010 分，分，每小题每小题 1 1 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A A、B B、C C 和和 D D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Once when Kevin was selling hats

40、 under a big tree,the monkeys on the tree picked some hatsand put them on.So Kevin took off his own hat and threw31on the ground.The stupid monkeysthrew their hats,too!Kevin soon32all the hats and left happily.15Fifty years later,young Tony,33of Kevin,also sold hats for a living.34a longwalk,Tony wa

41、s tired,so he put his bag of hats beside him and laid down under a big tree.Hewas soon fast35.When he woke up,Tony found that there werent any hats in his bag!Tony started looking forhis hats.To his36,he found some monkeys on the tree wearing his hats.Tony didnt know what to do.Then he remembered th

42、e story his grandfather37used to tellhim.“Yes!I can fool these monkeys!”said Tony.“Ill38them imitate(模仿)me and verysoon I will get all my hats back!”Tony then waved at the monkeys,the monkeys waved at him.Tony started dancing,the monkeyswere also dancing.Tony threw his hat on the groundJust then,one

43、 of the monkeys jumped down39the tree,picked up the hat Tony threw onthe ground and40up to Tony.He said,“Do you think only you had a grandfather?”31.A.itB.itsC.himD.his32.A.pointedB.putC.collectedD.matched33.A.fatherB.sonC.grandsonD.friend34.A.WhenB.AfterC.BeforeD.As35.A.aliveB.afraidC.awakeD.asleep

44、36.A.pleasureB.interestC.valueD.surprise37.A.recentlyB.luckilyC.proudlyD.angrily38.A.tellB.makeC.promiseD.realize39.A.fromB.besideC.towardD.through40.A.putB.broughtC.walkedD.took【答案】31.A32.C33.C34.B35.D36.D37.C38.B1639.A40C35.D 考查形容词及语境的理解。A.alive 活着的；B.afraid 害怕的；C.awake 醒着的；D.asleep 睡着的。上下文串联。他很快就

45、快睡着了。因为他累了，所以躺在树下睡着了。故选 D。36.D 考查名词及语境的理解。A.pleasure 快乐；B.interest 有趣；C.value 价值；D.surprise 吃惊。句意：使他吃惊的是，他发现树上有几只猴子戴着他的帽子。使某人吃惊的是 to ones surprise；结合句意，故选 D。37.C 考查副词及语境的理解。A.recently 最近地；B.luckily 幸运地；C.proudly 骄傲地；D.angrily生气地。上下文串联。然后他想起了他的祖父过去讲给他的那个令他骄傲的故事。结合句意应该是副词修饰动词，故选 C。38.B 考查动词及语境的理解。A.te

46、ll 告诉；B.make 制作；C.promise 答应；D.realize 意识到。结合句意我会使它们模仿我，我很快就要把我所有的帽子找回来！根据动词短语 make sb do 表示使某人做某事；故选 B。39.A 考查介词及语境的理解。A.From 从；B.Beside 在旁边；C.Toward 朝；D.Through 通过。句意：就在那时，一只猴子从树上跳了下来，捡起了托尼扔在地上的帽子。从地方要用介词 from;故选17A。40C 考查动词及语境的理解。A.put 放；B.brought 带来；C.walked 走；D.took 带去。根据上下文猴子从树上跳下来捡起扔在地上的帽子，走向

47、托尼对他说：“你以为就只有你有爷爷吗”。故选 C。【考点定位】故事类短文。4.4.【2015 年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Few people like changing their habits,good or bad.Whether it is smoking,drinking orover-eating,they16“enjoying”them to the end.On every packet o

48、f cigarettes(香烟),people are warned against the17of smoking:“Warning:Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health”.18,millions of them start smokingor go on smoking.Why?Facts show that families and surroundings(环境)play a very important part in19smokers.All those smokers come from smoking families or

49、 have smoking20or relatives.Films and TVplays also play a part.People21their“heroes”on TV drinking alcohol(酒)or smokingcigarettes.“Heroes”seem to fear22,neither killing themselves nor killing others withalcohol and cigarettes.If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking,23shouldcommon

50、people be afraid?The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers habits.Even24warnings,like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer,dont seem to work.Knowing and believing seem to be two25things.If smoking is really as harmful as doctorssay,it is time for s mokers t