Module 1 My First Day at Senior High 词汇用法讲解-高一上学期英语外研版必修一.docx

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1、1、senior （adj）（地位，水平，级别）高的，高级的（adj）较年长的人，级别（或地位）较高者，上级，上司高级职务/职位 a senior post/position高级军官/讲师 senior officer/lecturer高中 senior high school(反义词)初级的 junior初中 junior high school初级护士通常和高级护士一起工作Junior nurses usually work together with senior nurses2、curious(adj) 好奇的，求知欲强的be curious about sth 对某事好奇be cur

2、ious to do sth 很想做某事They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs.I was curious to find out what she had said词汇派生：curiously adv.好奇地 curiosity n.好奇心;好奇;珍品她一整天都在那里，然而奇怪的是，我却没有看见她。She was there all day, but curiously, I didnt see her3、impression（n) 印象，感想A general/ an overall impressionMy f

3、irst impression of him was favorable影响，效果My words made no impression on her痕迹，压痕用法make a(n). impression on sb 给某人留下一个印象have/ get a good/ bad impression of sb 对某人有一个好/坏的印象派生词：impress (v) 使钦佩，使敬仰He impressed her with his sincerity (v) 使铭记，给留下深刻印象Her words impress themselves on my memoryimpressed (adj)

4、感到对钦佩We were all impressed by her enthusiasmimpressive（adj）令人赞叹的，令人钦佩的unimpressive（adj）普通的，平庸的4、campusn. （大学或学院的）校园；大学生活on campusadv. 在校内campus culture校园文化campus network校园网；园区网on the campus校园内campus life校园生活5、tradition(n) 传统，传统的信仰By tradition, children play tricks on 1 April派生词：(adj）传统的traditional (

5、n) 传统主义traditionalism(n) 传统主义者traditionalist6、facility(n) 设备，设施All rooms have private facilities(n)天资，才能，天赋She has a facility for languages7、moment1、某一时刻We are busy at the moment2、片刻，瞬间Could you wait a moment, please?3、时机，机遇Im waiting for the right moment to tell him the bad news短语：For the moment 暂时

6、，目前In a moment 不久，一会The moment=the instant 一就8、author（n）作者，作家同义词：writerHe is the author of three books on artauthoress( n)女作家9、eagerness(n)渴望Icouldnthidemyeagernessgetbackhome.我无法掩饰想回家的渴望。派生：eager(adj)渴望的，渴求的eager for/to do sth渴望做某事She is eager for her parents approvalEveryone in the class seemed ea

7、ger to learneagerly(adv)渴望地anxious强调因忧虑、关注或害怕而产生的急切心情。 (about sth) | (for sb)He seemed anxious about the meeting.他似乎对这次会议忧心忡忡。eager侧重于急于成功的迫切心情。 for/ to do sthkeen强调因兴趣强烈或欲望而急于做某事。keen on 渴望，热衷于做某事I wasnt too keen on going to the party.我不太想去参加这次聚会。他热切的回去工作这一点是很明显的。His eagerness togetbacktoworkwasqui

8、teobvious.10、explore（v) 勘探；勘查；探索；考察As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to explore.我们一来到岛上就急不可耐地开始探胜。exploration（n) 探索11、enginen. 发动机，引擎engineer工程师；工兵；火车司机engineering工程，工程学He got into the driving seat and started the engine.他坐上驾驶座椅，发动了引擎。12、insectn. 昆虫，卑鄙的人Shescratched attheinsectbiteso

9、nher arm.她挠了挠胳膊上虫咬的包。13、collectionn. 收藏品，收集物派生词：collect (v) 收集Theartcollectionwashislifeswork.收集艺术品是他一生的工作。14、organise (v)（vi.） 组织起来；组织工会安排，处理，分配Outstandingabilitytoplan;control;communicateandorganise.具有优秀的计划、控制、沟通和组织能力。Thatcouldbeagoodidea.Thehotelwouldorganiseaguide.那是个好主意。旅馆可能安排导游。派生词：organizatio

10、n (n) 组织，机构15、nudgev. （用肘）轻推；轻撞；I nudged Stan and pointed again.我轻推了推斯坦，又指了一下。16、butterfly (n) 蝴蝶短语：butterflies in ones stomach 情绪紧张，心里发慌With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply17、breathe(v) 呼吸He breathed deeply before speaking again.他深深吸一口气，然后继续说下去。Theairwassocoldwecouldhardlybreathe.空气非常寒

11、冷，我们难以呼吸。breathe in 吸入；吸气breathe out呼出；呼气派生：breath (n) 呼吸，气息18、panicn. 恐慌，惊慌； adj. 恐慌的；It wasa momentofblindpanic.当时是一阵莫名的惊慌。短语：in panic 惊慌的19、challenge（n）挑战（v）对怀疑，向某人挑战词汇用法Challenge of sth的挑战Challenge to 对挑战Face/meet/accept challenges 迎接挑战Challenging adj挑战性的;有吸引力的他在辩论中向我挑战。He posed a challenge to m

12、e during the debate他接受了朋友要与他赛跑的挑战。He accepted his friends challenge to run a raceThis discovery challenges traditional beliefs.这项发现是对传统信念的冲击。20、pressuren.心理压力,紧张eg : One of the reasons why people fail to get a good nights sleep is pressure from school or work用法：put pressure on sb(to do sth) 给某人施加压力(

13、去做某事)under the pressure of在压力下blood pressure血压词根: press（v）挤压，压迫后缀：ure, -ture, -ature, -iture 表名词，“行为，行为的结果，与行为有关之物Eg: failure失败 fail失败 mixture混合物mix 混合你的医生会监测你的血压。Your doctor will monitor your blood pressure他可能已对她施压让她同意。He may have put pressure on her to agree在工作的压力下，我压根睡不好觉。I cant sleep well at all

14、 under the pressure of work21、 calm(v) 使镇静adj镇静的词汇用法:a calm sea 风平浪静的大海remain/keep/ /stay calm 保持镇定calm sb down 使某人平静下来【辨析】calm quiet silent stillcalm指天气、海洋等处于风平浪静的状态或人内心的镇静、不慌张;quiet指没有喧闹搅扰的宁静或人的性格温和、文静;silent 指沉默无语或没有声音的寂静,有可能伴随动作或活动;still指指完全无声或完全无动作, 常用于指物理上的静止。Jack always stays calm in times of

15、 danger.Please keep quietwhile others are talking.At school, Bill was a quiet and shy boy.He disagreed on the plan, but he kept silent .Keep still when you have your photo taken.22、description（n）描述，说明（n）描写，叙述Thewitnesssdescriptionsweretooimprecisetobeofanyrealvalue.证人的描述太不明确，没有任何实际价值。Couldyoujustgiv

16、eusadescriptionofyourcat?能否请您向我们描述一下您的猫？词根：scrib, script= to write 写describe（v. ）描写de 加强 + scrib 写 + e 着重写 描写de 加强 + script 写 + ion 表动作,名词后缀 描绘23、confident自信的，有信心的肯定的，有把握的派生词：(adv)confidently自信地(n) confidence自信她确信每个人都在她那一边。She is confident that everybody is on her side警方说他们有信心抓获枪手。Police say they ar

17、e confident of catching the gunman我肯定你能得到那份工作Imquiteconfidentthatyoullgetthejob.24、poster(n)海报ShetradedherpostersforhisCD.她以海报换取他的光盘。派生词：post (v) 邮寄，邮递postcard（n）明信片25、badmintonn.羽毛球;羽毛球运动Heplaysbadmintonverywell.他的羽毛球打得真灵光。IthinkIllgivebadmintonamisstonight.我今晚不想打羽毛球了。26、drama（n）戏剧;词根词缀：drama（n）. 戏

18、剧dra 表演 + ma 戏剧dramatic (adj.) 戏剧性的drama 戏剧 + tic 有性质的，属于的，具有的 戏剧性的dramatist (n. )剧作家；编剧drama 戏剧 + tist 剧作家；编剧dramatize (v. )（使）戏剧化，改编成剧本drama 戏剧 + tize （使）戏剧化，改编成剧本IstudiedEnglishandDramaatcollege.我在大学学的是英语和戏剧27、band(n) 乐队;流行音乐乐队;管乐队 a rock/jazz band摇滚 / 爵士乐队Thebandmadetheirfirstrecordasfarbackas19

19、90.这个乐队早在1990年就录制了他们的第一张唱片。 28、debaten. 辩论v. 讨论eg There had been much debate on the issue of childcare.The question of the origin of the universe is still hotly debated (= strongly argued about) by scientists.词根词缀：bat= to beat 打, 击debate（v. ）辩论de 加强 + bat 打，击 + e 加强打击 辩论battle ( n.) 战斗batt= bat打，击 +

20、 le 使 战斗29、gym（n）健身房;体育馆Idontenjoygym.我不喜欢做体育运动30、piano(n) 钢琴Shedlovetobeabletoplaythepiano.她很希望能弹钢琴31、stage(n) 阶段;段;(发展或进展的)时期;(n) (多指剧场中的)舞台Thereweremorethan50peopleonstageinonescene.有一场戏中舞台上的人有50多个Thechildrenareatdifferentstagesofdevelopment.这些孩子处于不同的成长阶段。32、photographyn.摄影Her hobbies include hik

21、ing and photography.她的业余爱好包括徒步旅行和摄影Theyshareacommoninterestinphotography.他们在摄影方面兴趣相投派生词：photograph (V) 摄影 (n) 相片 photographer (N) 摄影师33、inneradj.内部的;内心的;里面的;Herdiarywasarecordofherinnerconflict.她的日记记录了她内心的矛盾词语辨析：inner adj. 内部的，靠近中心的；内心的指位于某物内部或靠近其中心位置的，也可指想法、情感等藏于内心之中而未表达出来的，只作定语。She lives in inner

22、Paris.她住在巴黎中心区。It is difficult to know his inner thoughts.很难了解他内心的想法。inside adj. 内部的，里面的指在某物内部的，只作定语。The inside pages of the newspaper have been torn out.报纸的内页已经被撕了。What is in the inside pocket of your coat?你外套的内兜里有什么东西？internal adj. 内部的；内心的指位于身体、公司、组织、国家等内部的，也可指内心的，通常作定语。internal conflict内心的矛盾Some

23、scientists have been doing research on artificial internal organs.一些科学家一直在研究人造内脏。34、argueeg She argued the case for bringing back the death penalty(死刑).The committee is concerned about players behaviour, especially arguing with referees.（v.）争论，争吵（v.）论证，说理 派生词：(n) 争论argumenteg After some heated argum

24、ent a decision was finally taken.练习:我的兄弟们总是争论不休。My brothers are always arguing他提出理由说明他们需要更多的时间来完成该项目。He argued that they needed more time to finish the project医生们已经说明了反对这些提案的理由。The doctors have set out their arguments against the proposals35、topic(n) 话题;题目;标题ThemaintopicofconversationwasTomsnewgirlf

25、riend.交谈的主要话题是汤姆的新女友36、sharp(adj) 人或人的头脑、眼睛等)敏锐的；聪明的a girl of sharp intelligence聪颖的女孩(adj) 锋利的；锐利的；尖的a sharp knife锋利的刀sharp teeth锋利的牙齿(adj) 急剧的，骤然的（变化）a sharp drop in prices价格的骤降a sharp rise in crime犯罪率的急剧上升37、dinosaur（n）恐龙Howdidthedinosaursdieout?恐龙是如何灭绝的？38、dolphin（n.）海豚Thedolphinisanintelligentan

26、imal.海豚是聪明的动物。39、intelligentadj. 聪明的;智能的a highly intelligent child非常聪明的孩子派生词：intellect (n) n. 智力，理解力40、investigate(v) 查明，调查Anindependentbodyhasbeensetuptoinvestigatetheaffair.已成立了一个独立机构调查这件事。派生词：investigative(adj)研究的，调查的investigation（n）调查41、variousadj. 各种各样的；多方面的派生词：vary (v) 变化，改变variousness(n)变化var

27、iously (adv) 不同地，多方面地42、volunteervi.自愿做，义务做，无偿做eg ：I will work in Dillons grocery after school, Nels volunteered.自愿做某事volunteer to do sth/for sth玛丽阿姨主动要求清扫厨房。Aunt Mary volunteered to clean up the kitchen他在2019年志愿参军。He volunteered for the army in2019派生词：voluntary（adj）自愿的，主动的；无偿的，义务性的 volunteer(n) 志愿者

28、eg ：Are there any volunteers to answer this question?Choosing this course is totally voluntary.43、gain (v) 获得;赢得;The party gained over 50% of the vote.该党获得超过50%的选票。Ittookalongtimetogainherconfidence.我花了很长的时间才赢得她的信任。44、applyvi. 申请，请求 vt. 应用 Why do you apply for this position ? 你为什么申请这个职位呢？We should n

29、ot only know the theory but also how to apply it to practice. 我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。短语：Apply for 申请，请示得到Apply to sb for sth把运用于I want to apply for the job45、schedule(n) 工作计划，日程安排(v) 安排， 为安排时间busy schedule繁忙的日程安排Wereworkingtoatightschedule.我们的工作安排得很紧。46、awardn.奖;奖品;奖金;奖赏Shehaswontheawardforthethir

30、dyearinsuccession.这是她连续第三年获得此奖vt.授予;奖励;判给Schoolsawardscholarshipsforhighacademicachievement.学校向学业成绩优异者授予奖学金47、opportunity（n）机会;时机Youll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.你们最后将有机会提问任何问题。have opportunity to do sth 辨析：opportunity n. 机会，时机指能够做某事或容易做成某事的机会，作此义解时常可与 chance 换用；也可指得到工作或提升的

31、机会。They had no opportunity/chance to escape.他们没有逃跑的机会。He has got the opportunity/chance to visit Paris.他获得了访问巴黎的机会。There were more opportunities for graduates last year.对去年的毕业生而言，就业机会要多一些。chance n. 机会，机遇指做想做之事的适当时机，侧重指偶然或意外的机会。It was his only chance of escape.这是他唯一的逃脱机会。I never miss a chance to play

32、 football.我从不错过任何踢足球的机会。He will be a candidate in next weeks election, and this is his big chance.他将是下周竞选的候选人，这是他成功的大好机会。occasion n. 时机，机会指合适的机会或有利的时机，通常用单数，常后接介词 for。This is an occasion for the whole country to celebrate.这是个举国欢庆的时刻。It was the occasion for expressing friendship by the two presidents

33、.这是两位总统表达友谊的时机。time n. （可利用的）时间指能够用来做某事的一段时间，多用于口语。Now is the right time for us to move to New York.现在正是我们搬到纽约去的好时机。Ill visit her if I have time.如果有时间我会去拜访她。This is no time to switch jobs.现在不是换工作的时候。48、hint（n）有益的建议（v）暗示，提示Thebookgiveshandyhintsonlookingafterindoorplants这本书提供了一些关于如何照料室内花草的有用信息。49、sub

34、scribev.订阅;定期订购(或订阅等)词根：scrib, script= to write 写Wesubscribetoseveralsportschannels.我们付费收看好几个体育频道。短语：subscribe to sth(formal) 同意；赞成50、view（n）观看,看法Hisviewsonthesubjectwerewellknown.他对这个问题的看法众所周知。Inmyviewitwasawasteoftime.依我看，这是浪费时间（v）把视为Butnow,manyyoungpeopleviewthemasafashionitem.可如今，许多年轻人把拖鞋视为一种时尚元

35、素。51、former（adj）从前的，前者的Theformeroptionwouldbemuchmoresensible.前一种选择要明智得多。（指曾有过某种职务或地位的，也可指发生或存在于过去的。）He has a great interest in books about the former president.他对和那位前总统有关的书十分感兴趣。52、graduate（v）毕业（n）毕业生HegraduatedfromLittleRockHighin1982.他1982年毕业于小石城中学Unemploymentisaveryrealproblemforgraduatesnow.现在，

36、失业对大学毕业生是个实质问题。Undergraduate（在读）本科生Postgraduate（在读）研究生53、orientation（n）方向；目标；定向（n）(任职等前的）培训，训练；迎新会Shehasfoundaneworientationinlife.她在生活中找到了新的方向。Surveyandanalysisofrequirmentsofnewnursesorientation新护士岗前培训的需求调查与分析词根词缀：ori, orig= to rise, to begin 升起；开始orient(n. )东方 (adj)东方的54、frightenedadj. 受惊的，害怕的Iwa

37、sfrightenedbythenoise.我被那响声吓坏了。Shewasfrightenedthattheglasswouldbreak.她担心玻璃会破碎。派生词：fright (n.)惊吓；惊骇frighten (vi.) 使害怕，惊恐frightening（adj.）令人恐惧的；引起突然惊恐的frightful（adj）可怕的；惊人的；非常的frighteningly (adv.)令人恐惧地frightfulness（n）可怕；丑恶；讨厌；令人毛骨悚然55、sightn.景象;看见; vt.看到，发现Hehadplacedhimselfdirectlyinmylineofsight.当时他恰